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1、2021陕西大学英语考试模拟卷（7）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Bpassage 1/B Telecommunications allows people around the World to contact one another, to access information instantly, and to communicate from remote areas. Telecommunications usually involves a sender of
2、information and one or more recipients(收件人) linked by a technology, such as a telephone system, that transmits information from one place to another. Telecommunications devices convert different types of information, such as sound and video, into electronic signals. The signals can then be transmitt
3、ed by means of media such as telephone wires or radio waves. When a signal reaches its destination, the device on the receiving end converts the electronic signal back into an understandable message, such as sound over a telephone, moving images on a television, or words and pictures on a computer s
4、creen. Telecommunications enables people to send and receive personal messages across town, between countries, and to and from outer space. It also provides the key medium for news, data, information and entertainment. Telecommunications messages can be sent in a variety of ways and by a wide range
5、of devices. The messages can be sent from one sender to a single receiver (point-to-point) or from one sender to many receivers (point-to-multipoint). Personal communications, such as a telephone conversation between two people or a facsimile (fax) message, usually involve point-to-point transmissio
6、n. Point-to-multipoint telecommunications, often called broadcasts, provide the basis for commercial radio and television programming.According to the article, which of the sentence can best describe the definition of the telecommunication ATelecommunications are devices and systems that transmit el
7、ectronic signals across long distances.BTelecommunications allows people around the world to contact one another, to access information instantly, and to communicate from remote areas.CTelecommunications usually involves a sender of information and one or more recipients(收件人) linked by a technology.
8、DTelecommunications are devices and systems that carry, electronic signals across short distances. 2.ATea.BCoffee.CMilk.DIce cream. 3.BPassage 3/B Einstein, Albert (1879-1955), German-born American physicist and Nobel winner, best known as the creator of the special and general theories of relativit
9、y and for his bold hypothesis concerning the particle nature of light. He is perhaps the most well-known scientist of the 20th century. Einstein was born in Ulm on March 14, 1879, and spent his youth in Munich, where his family owned a small shop that manufactured electric machinery. He did not talk
10、 until the age of three, but even as a youth he showed a brilliant curiosity about nature and an ability to understand difficult mathematical concepts. At the age of 12 he taught himself geometry. Einstein hated the dull rules and unimaginative spirit of school in Munich. When repeated business fail
11、ure led the family to leave Germany for Milan, Italy, Einstein, who was then 15 years old, used the opportunity to withdraw from the school. He spent a year with his parents in Milan, and when it became clear that he would have to make his own way in the world, he finished secondary school in Arrau,
12、 Switzerland, and entered the Swiss National Polytechnic in Zurich. Einstein did not enjoy the methods of instruction there. He often cut classes and used the time to study physics on his own or to play his beloved violin. He passed his examinations and graduated in 1900 by studying the notes of a c
13、lassmate. His professors did not think highly of him and would not recommend him for a university position. For two years Einstein worked as a tutor and substitute teacher. In 1902 he secured a position as an examiner in the Swiss patent office in Bern. In 1903 he married Mileva Marie, who had been
14、his classmate at the polytechnic. They had two sons but eventually divorced. Einstein later remarried.Which of the following is NOT the character of Einstein AA brilliant curiosity about nature.BHe hated the dull rules.Ctic hated unimaginative spirit.DHe taught himself geometry. 4.B Passage 2/BI Que
15、stions 8 to I0 are based on the passage you have just heard./IAHe thought he was a mad.BHe went away.CHe helped him with fishing.DHe invited him to have a drink together. 5.BPassage 2/B It is common to think of learning ax something that takes place in school, but much of human learning occurs, outs
16、ide the classroom, anti people continue to learn throughout their lives. Even before they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands to make toys. food, and other objects. They use all of their senses to learn about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their env
17、ironments. They learn how to interact with their parents, friends, and other people important to their world. when they enter school, children learn basic academic, subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics. They also continue lo learn a great deal outside the classroom. They learn which be
18、haviors are likely to be rewarded and which are likely to be punished. They learn social skills for interacting with other children. After they finish school, people must learn to adapt to the many major changes that affect their lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keep
19、ing a job. Because learning continues throughout our lives and affects almost everything we do, the study of learning is important in many different fields. Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate children. people need to understand how certain experiences change their behaviors. Employ
20、ers, politicians, and advertisers make use of the principles of learning to influence the behavior of workers, voters, and consumers. Learning is closely related to memory, which is the storage of information in the brain. Psychologists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowled
21、ge, where this storage takes place, and how the brain later retrieves knowledge when we need it. In contrast, psychologists who study learning are more interested in behavior anti how behavior changes as a result of a persons experiences.In the sentence They learn how to interact with their parents,
22、 friends, and other people important to their world. The word interact means _. AreactBstudy from each otherCact on each otherDlearn from 6.ASell some bananas.BBuy some bananas.CGet some vegetables.DPrepare some bananas. 7.Bpassage 1/B Telecommunications allows people around the World to contact one
23、 another, to access information instantly, and to communicate from remote areas. Telecommunications usually involves a sender of information and one or more recipients(收件人) linked by a technology, such as a telephone system, that transmits information from one place to another. Telecommunications de
24、vices convert different types of information, such as sound and video, into electronic signals. The signals can then be transmitted by means of media such as telephone wires or radio waves. When a signal reaches its destination, the device on the receiving end converts the electronic signal back int
25、o an understandable message, such as sound over a telephone, moving images on a television, or words and pictures on a computer screen. Telecommunications enables people to send and receive personal messages across town, between countries, and to and from outer space. It also provides the key medium
26、 for news, data, information and entertainment. Telecommunications messages can be sent in a variety of ways and by a wide range of devices. The messages can be sent from one sender to a single receiver (point-to-point) or from one sender to many receivers (point-to-multipoint). Personal communicati
27、ons, such as a telephone conversation between two people or a facsimile (fax) message, usually involve point-to-point transmission. Point-to-multipoint telecommunications, often called broadcasts, provide the basis for commercial radio and television programming.In the first sentence, Telecommunicat
28、ions allows people around the world to contact one another, to access information instantly, and to communicate from remote areas., . access. instantly. probably can be replaced by _. AgetimmediatelyBenter.at onceCtransmit. at onceDsend. immediately 8.B Passage 2/BI Questions 8 to I0 are based on th
29、e passage you have just heard./IAClever.BMad.CStupid.DLazy. 9.BPassage 3/B Einstein, Albert (1879-1955), German-born American physicist and Nobel winner, best known as the creator of the special and general theories of relativity and for his bold hypothesis concerning the particle nature of light. H
30、e is perhaps the most well-known scientist of the 20th century. Einstein was born in Ulm on March 14, 1879, and spent his youth in Munich, where his family owned a small shop that manufactured electric machinery. He did not talk until the age of three, but even as a youth he showed a brilliant curio
31、sity about nature and an ability to understand difficult mathematical concepts. At the age of 12 he taught himself geometry. Einstein hated the dull rules and unimaginative spirit of school in Munich. When repeated business failure led the family to leave Germany for Milan, Italy, Einstein, who was
32、then 15 years old, used the opportunity to withdraw from the school. He spent a year with his parents in Milan, and when it became clear that he would have to make his own way in the world, he finished secondary school in Arrau, Switzerland, and entered the Swiss National Polytechnic in Zurich. Eins
33、tein did not enjoy the methods of instruction there. He often cut classes and used the time to study physics on his own or to play his beloved violin. He passed his examinations and graduated in 1900 by studying the notes of a classmate. His professors did not think highly of him and would not recom
34、mend him for a university position. For two years Einstein worked as a tutor and substitute teacher. In 1902 he secured a position as an examiner in the Swiss patent office in Bern. In 1903 he married Mileva Marie, who had been his classmate at the polytechnic. They had two sons but eventually divor
35、ced. Einstein later remarried.In the sentence In 1902 he secured a position as an examiner in the Swiss patent office in Bern. , the word secure probably means _. AacquiredBattachedCclosedDfastened 10.BPassage 4/B When they first arrived in Europe over 500 years ago, the Roma were called Gypsies in
36、the mistaken belief that they had come from Egypt. The true origins of the Roma remained a mystery until the late 18th century, when European linguists discovered connections between the Romani language and certain dialects spoken in northwestern India. The world population of Roma is difficult to e
37、stablish with any certainty. Estimates suggest that there are approximately 12 million Roma worldwide. About 8 million Roma live in Europe, and they make up that continents largest minority population. The Roma are divided into groups sometimes referred to as nations or tribes. These divisions gener
38、ally reflect historical patterns, of settlement in different geographic areas. Although historically looked at as wanderers, the vast majority of modern Roma live in settled communities. Because the Roma are widely settled, their culture and social organization vary considerably. An important charac
39、teristic everywhere, however, is a strong, sense of Stoup identity, Romani culture stresses the sacredness of its own traditions in opposition to those of the outside world. Contact with non-Roma is regarded as potentially polluting. Another unifying force is their language, Romani, which consists o
40、f a number of dialects belonging to the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages. Most Roma speak some form of Romani. Others speak dialects of local languages with extensive borrowings from Romani. Romani is primarily a spoken rather than written language. Until recent years most Roma wer
41、e illiterate, and illiteracy rates remain high in most Roma communities.Which of the following titles best illustrate the idea of the third paragraph ACulture and customs.BCulture and social organization.CCulture and language.DCulture and identity. 11.BPassage 2/B It is common to think of learning a
42、x something that takes place in school, but much of human learning occurs, outside the classroom, anti people continue to learn throughout their lives. Even before they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands to make toys. food, and other objects. They use all of
43、their senses to learn about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. They learn how to interact with their parents, friends, and other people important to their world. when they enter school, children learn basic academic, subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics. They
44、 also continue lo learn a great deal outside the classroom. They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded and which are likely to be punished. They learn social skills for interacting with other children. After they finish school, people must learn to adapt to the many major changes that affe
45、ct their lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job. Because learning continues throughout our lives and affects almost everything we do, the study of learning is important in many different fields. Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate children. p
46、eople need to understand how certain experiences change their behaviors. Employers, politicians, and advertisers make use of the principles of learning to influence the behavior of workers, voters, and consumers. Learning is closely related to memory, which is the storage of information in the brain
47、. Psychologists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this storage takes place, and how the brain later retrieves knowledge when we need it. In contrast, psychologists who study learning are more interested in behavior anti how behavior changes as a result of a persons experiences.From the sentence They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded and which are likely to be punished., we can induce that _. Athey learn how to get. rewardBthey learn how to avoid punishmentCthey learn how to behave properlyDthey learn the knowledge of society