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1、2022年湖南专升本考试考试考前冲刺卷（3）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.People do not analyse every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember solution from the last time they had a (21) problem. They often accept the opinion or ideas of other people. Other times the
2、y begin to act without (22) , they try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all of these methods (23) , the person with a problem has to start analysing. There are sever al stages in analysing a problem.First, the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’
3、 s bicycle is bro ken. Sam must (24) that there is a problem with his bicycle. Next the person must (25) the problem. Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work. Now the person must look for (26) that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. Suppose Sam decide
4、s that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the brakes. At this time he can look in his bicycle repair book and (27) his friends at the bike shop. After (28) .the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. In the end, one suggestion seems to
5、be the solution (29) the problem. Sam, for example, suddenly sees there is a piece of chewing gum(口香糖) stack to a brake. What he will do is to clean the brake. Finally the solution is (30) . Sam does it and finds his bicycle works perfectly. In short he has solved the problem.30（）ApracticeBthinkingC
6、understandingDhelp2.Passage OnePublic goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment nobody can be effectively excluded. Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities, and one person’ s utilization does not reduce the possibilities of anybody else’ s enjoying the same go
7、od.Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect. A flood control dam is a public good. Once the dam is built, all persons living in the area will benefit-irrespective of their own contribution to the construction cost of the dam. The same holds true for highway signs or aids to navig
8、ation. Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from the utilization of the lighthouse for navigational purposes. National defense is another example. Even a person who voted against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protec
9、tion afforded.It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benefits associated with a public good. There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs, sailors for watching a lighthouse, and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense:
10、Because the market does not provide the necessary signals, economic analysis has to be substituted for the impersonal judgement of the marketplace.With what topic is the passage mainly concerned（）AMechanisms for safer navigation.BThe economic structure of the marketplace.CA specific group of commodi
11、ties.DThe advantages of lowering taxes.3.Passage OnePublic goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment nobody can be effectively excluded. Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities, and one person’ s utilization does not reduce the possibilities of anybody else’ s
12、 enjoying the same good.Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect. A flood control dam is a public good. Once the dam is built, all persons living in the area will benefit-irrespective of their own contribution to the construction cost of the dam. The same holds true for highway s
13、igns or aids to navigation. Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from the utilization of the lighthouse for navigational purposes. National defense is another example. Even a person who voted against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will be
14、nefit from the protection afforded.It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benefits associated with a public good. There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs, sailors for watching a lighthouse, and citizens for the security provided to them throu
15、gh national defense: Because the market does not provide the necessary signals, economic analysis has to be substituted for the impersonal judgement of the marketplace.According to the passage, finding out the social costs of a public good is a（）Adifficult procedureBdaily administrative dutyCmatter
16、of personal judgmentDcitizen' s responsibility4.Passage OnePublic goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment nobody can be effectively excluded. Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities, and one person’ s utilization does not reduce the possibilities of anybody el
17、se’ s enjoying the same good.Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect. A flood control dam is a public good. Once the dam is built, all persons living in the area will benefit-irrespective of their own contribution to the construction cost of the dam. The same holds true fo
18、r highway signs or aids to navigation. Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from the utilization of the lighthouse for navigational purposes. National defense is another example. Even a person who voted against military expenditures or did not pay any ta
19、xes will benefit from the protection afforded.It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benefits associated with a public good. There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs, sailors for watching a lighthouse, and citizens for the security provided to
20、 them through national defense: Because the market does not provide the necessary signals, economic analysis has to be substituted for the impersonal judgement of the marketplace.Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first two paragraphs（）ASuggestions for the appli
21、cation of an economic concept are offered.BSeveral generalizations are presented from which various conclusions are drawn.CPersuasive language is used to argue against a popular idea.DA general concept is defined and then examples are given.5.Passage OnePublic goods are those commodities from whose
22、enjoyment nobody can be effectively excluded. Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities, and one person’ s utilization does not reduce the possibilities of anybody else’ s enjoying the same good.Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect. A flood cont
23、rol dam is a public good. Once the dam is built, all persons living in the area will benefit-irrespective of their own contribution to the construction cost of the dam. The same holds true for highway signs or aids to navigation. Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectiv
24、ely excluded from the utilization of the lighthouse for navigational purposes. National defense is another example. Even a person who voted against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded.It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social ben
25、efits associated with a public good. There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs, sailors for watching a lighthouse, and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense: Because the market does not provide the necessary signals, economic analysis
26、has to be substituted for the impersonal judgement of the marketplace.Which of the following would NOT be an example of a public good as described in the passage（）AA taxicabBA bridgeCA fire truckDA stoplight6.Passage OnePublic goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment nobody can be effectivel
27、y excluded. Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities, and one person’ s utilization does not reduce the possibilities of anybody else’ s enjoying the same good.Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect. A flood control dam is a public good. Once the
28、 dam is built, all persons living in the area will benefit-irrespective of their own contribution to the construction cost of the dam. The same holds true for highway signs or aids to navigation. Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from the utilization
29、of the lighthouse for navigational purposes. National defense is another example. Even a person who voted against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded.It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benefits associated with a public goo
30、d. There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs, sailors for watching a lighthouse, and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense: Because the market does not provide the necessary signals, economic analysis has to be substituted for the impe
31、rsonal judgement of the marketplace.In ParA2, the word holds could best be replaced by which of the following（）A. hasB. isC. graspsD. carries7.Passage OnePublic goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment nobody can be effectively excluded. Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commo
32、dities, and one person’ s utilization does not reduce the possibilities of anybody else’ s enjoying the same good.Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect. A flood control dam is a public good. Once the dam is built, all persons living in the area will benefit-irrespe
33、ctive of their own contribution to the construction cost of the dam. The same holds true for highway signs or aids to navigation. Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from the utilization of the lighthouse for navigational purposes. National defense is a
34、nother example. Even a person who voted against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded.It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benefits associated with a public good. There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at
35、highway signs, sailors for watching a lighthouse, and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense: Because the market does not provide the necessary signals, economic analysis has to be substituted for the impersonal judgement of the marketplace.The author implies that the Es
36、kimo dog has got（）Aa primitive treatmentBa good treatmentCa due treatmentDan unfair treatment8.Passage FourAlmost every family buys at least one copy of a newspaper every day, Some people subscribe to as many as two or three different newspapers. But why do people read newspapersFive hundred years a
37、go, news of important happenings-battles lost and won, kings or rulers overthrown or killed-took months and even years to travel from one country to another. The news passed by word of mouth and was never accurate. Today we can read in our newspapers of important e vents that occur in faraway countr
38、ies on the same day they happen.Apart from supplying news from all over the world, newspapers give us a lot of other useful in formation. There are weather reports, radio, television and film guides, book reviews, stories, and, of course, advertisements. There are all sorts of advertisements. The bi
39、gger ones are put in by large companies to bring attention to their products. They pay the newspapers thousands of dollars for their advertising space, but it is worth the money, for news of their products goes into almost every home in the country. For those who produce newspapers, advertisements a
40、re also important. Money earned from advertisements makes it possible for them to sell their newspapers at a low price and still make a profit.The habit of reading newspapers is （）AwidespreadBfound among a few familiesCnot popularDuncommon9.Passage OnePublic goods are those commodities from whose en
41、joyment nobody can be effectively excluded. Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities, and one person’ s utilization does not reduce the possibilities of anybody else’ s enjoying the same good.Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect. A flood contro
42、l dam is a public good. Once the dam is built, all persons living in the area will benefit-irrespective of their own contribution to the construction cost of the dam. The same holds true for highway signs or aids to navigation. Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectivel
43、y excluded from the utilization of the lighthouse for navigational purposes. National defense is another example. Even a person who voted against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded.It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benef
44、its associated with a public good. There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs, sailors for watching a lighthouse, and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense: Because the market does not provide the necessary signals, economic analysis ha
45、s to be substituted for the impersonal judgement of the marketplace.An Eskimo uses his whip （）Ato kill animals when food is scarceBto earn his keepCwith amazing accuracyDfor making his dogs tough10.Passage OnePublic goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment nobody can be effectively excluded.
46、 Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities, and one person’ s utilization does not reduce the possibilities of anybody else’ s enjoying the same good.Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect. A flood control dam is a public good. Once the dam is bui
47、lt, all persons living in the area will benefit-irrespective of their own contribution to the construction cost of the dam. The same holds true for highway signs or aids to navigation. Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from the utilization of the ligh
48、thouse for navigational purposes. National defense is another example. Even a person who voted against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded.It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benefits associated with a public good. There is
49、 no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs, sailors for watching a lighthouse, and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense: Because the market does not provide the necessary signals, economic analysis has to be substituted for the impersonal judgement of the marketplace.In the author s opinion, the Eskimo s attitude toward his dogs is mainly due to（）Ahis m