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1、2021青海专升本考试考试考前冲刺卷（9）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.能开大声门的是_A环杓后肌B环杓侧肌C甲杓肌D环甲肌E杓横肌 2.代谢性碱中毒原发改变为_AHCO3-增多BHCO3-减少CH2CO3增多DH2CO3减少EP(CO2)增高 3.主动脉瓣闭锁不全_A梨形心B靴形心C烧瓶形心D普大形心E缩窄形心 4.上腔静脉阻塞时，腹壁静脉血流方向为_A脐水平以上静脉血流向上，脐以下血流向下B脐水平以上静脉血流向下，脐以下血流向上C腹壁静脉血流全部向上D腹壁静脉血流全部向
2、下E以脐为中心血流向四周 5.血小板过少且释放功能障碍时_A出血时延长B出血时缩短C凝血时延长D凝血时缩短E凝血时与出血时都延长 6.贫血可表现为_A皮肤苍白B皮肤发红C紫绀D黄疸E色素脱失 7.参与上臂旋前、旋后的肌是_A肱二头肌B肱三头肌C肱桡肌D三角肌E肱肌 8.舌下神经支配_A颊肌B咬肌C颏舌肌D下颌舌骨肌E胸锁乳突肌 9.能紧张声带的是_A环杓后肌B环杓侧肌C甲杓肌D环甲肌E杓横肌 10.肝硬化、门脉高压时，腹壁静脉血流方向为_A脐水平以上静脉血流向上，脐以下血流向下B脐水平以上静脉血流向下，脐以下血流向上C腹壁静脉血流全部向上D腹壁静脉血流全部向下E以脐为中心血流向四周 11.患者
3、因急性肠梗阻，小肠坏死行小肠部分切除术，术后当天出现呼吸急促，端坐呼吸，咳泡沫样痰，最可能是_A急性心功能不全B急性肾衰C弥散性血管内凝血D急性呼吸窘迫综合征E急性肝功能不全 12.肺气肿_A肝浊音区上升，肝区叩痛阴性B肝浊音区下降，肝区叩痛阴性C肝区叩诊鼓音，肝区叩痛阴性D肝绝对浊音界下移，肝区叩痛阴性E肝浊音区上升，肝区叩痛阳性 13.发生在皮下组织内，有明显压缩性的肿块是_A表皮样囊肿B皮脂腺囊肿C腱鞘囊肿D蔓状血管瘤E脂肪瘤 14.癌性腹膜炎_A腹壁明显紧张，强直如木板B腹部柔韧有抵抗力C前腹壁水平明显低下，肋弓和耻骨联合显露D腹部静脉迂曲变粗，显而易见E左腰部皮肤呈暗灰蓝色 下列疾病
4、可出现的体征是 15.胃穿孔_A腹壁明显紧张，强直如木板B腹部柔韧有抵抗力C前腹壁水平明显低下，肋弓和耻骨联合显露D腹部静脉迂曲变粗，显而易见E左腰部皮肤呈暗灰蓝色 下列疾病可出现的体征是 16.发生在皮下组织内，呈分叶状的肿块是_A表皮样囊肿B皮脂腺囊肿C腱鞘囊肿D蔓状血管瘤E脂肪瘤 17.肝脓肿_A肝浊音区上升，肝区叩痛阴性B肝浊音区下降，肝区叩痛阴性C肝区叩诊鼓音，肝区叩痛阴性D肝绝对浊音界下移，肝区叩痛阴性E肝浊音区上升，肝区叩痛阳性 18.下列带点的字解释正确的是A孔子曰：“求!周任有言曰：陈力就列，不能者止。”列：职位。B兵刃既接，弃甲曳兵而走。兵：十兵。C吾非至于子之门则殆矣。殆
5、：疲惫。D忧从中来，不可断绝。中：中间。 19.下列画横线的句子翻译正确的是A吾在天地之间，犹小石小木之在大山也，方存乎见少，又奚以自多 奚以自多：会自傲自夸。 B生孩六月，慈父见背。行年四岁，舅夺母志。 舅夺母志：舅父强行改变了母亲的守节之志，即强迫母亲改嫁。 C原庄宗之所以得天下，与其所以失之者，可以知之矣。 原庄宗之所以得天下：原来庄宗得到天下。 D举先王之政，以兴利除弊，不为生事。 不为生事：不是为了生出事情来。 20.Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made.
6、 Although we were brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic. Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I hav
7、e only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystalclear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and above all, the insects. I am a n
8、aturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world and my enthusiasm had led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other peoples observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings th
9、ese observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle, because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers, and books, which some might honour with the title of scientific research. But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory
10、 and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist: one the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist requires not only self-discipline but hard training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A natur
11、alist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds.The first paragraph tells us the author _.Awas interested in flowers and insects in his childhoodBlost his hearing when he was a childCdidnt like his brothers and sistersDwas born to a naturalists family 21.A recent developme
12、nt is the local area network (LAN). (21) its name implies, it (22) a local areapossibly as small as a single room, typically an area like an university campus or the premises of a particular business. Local area networks were developed to (23) a need specific to microcomputersthe sharing of expensiv
13、e resources. Microcomputers are cheap, (24) highcapacity disc stores, fast and/or good quality printers, etc. are expensive. The object of the LAN is to allow (25) microcomputers shared access to these expensive resources. Since the microcomputers are (26) , it is a necessary feature of a LAN that t
14、he method of connection to the network, and the network hardware (27) , must also be cheap.A local area network links a number of computers and a number of sewers (28) provide communal facilities, e. g. file storage. (A server usually includes a small microprocessor for control purposes.) The comput
15、ers and servers are known (29) stations. There are two methods of (30) in common use, tings and broadcast networks.In the ring method( often called a Cambridge Ring)all the stations are linked in a ring, (31) includes one special station, the monitor station.In broadcast networks, all the stations a
16、re (32) to a single linear cable (usually co-ax cable), and any transmission will be received by all stations.(33) technology is used, local area networks are a development of the greatest importance. (34) as programming is simplified by an approach that thinks in terms of small procedures or progra
17、ms, each doing a well-defined job, the computer system of tomorrow is likely to be (35) lots of small systems, each doing a specific job, linked by a local area network.21（）AAsBLikeCSinceDBecause22.One of the industrial giants who changed American society was Henry Ford horn on a farm in Michigan in
18、 1863, and he grew up to bring forth some of the most revolutionary improvements in automotive technology in the early 20th century. His outstanding mechanical ability led him to become interested in the new automobiles in the early 1900s. Though be did not invent the automobile, he improved upon ev
19、eryone elses designs. He was a person who believed in inexpensive, efficient production, so he established standards for his plants and workers. He also standardized and produced many new auto parts for his Ford Motor Company cars. Then he studied the workers problems and thousands of automobiles pe
20、r year. In fact, his plants had produced 15 million Model TS by 1927. Fords personality was not all thrift (节俭), efficiency and inventiveness, however. He was a man who was cold and who could not keep pace with the competition due to his own rigidity (严格). His company suffered because of his desire
21、to maintain the existing state instead of meeting and beating the competition by changing his products. Finally, he saw that he must change or fail, therefore, he introduced a newtype engine and once again took over the automobile market. Ford left a legacy of millions of dollars, millions of jobs f
22、or American workers, and millions of satisfied customers.Henry Ford changed the American society _.Athrough great social revolutionBthrough automotive technological revolutionCthrough numerous mechanical inventionsDthrough radical political reforms 23.Have you ever been startled by a loud noise or b
23、y someone appearing suddenly behind you on dark night or by a snake in the grass Do you remember the sudden, tight feeling in your chest, the way your heart started go pound, the way you seemed to breathe more rapidly Such reactions occurred because you were frightened. Your brain sent a signal to t
24、he special gland (腺) in your body caned the adrenal (肾上的) gland. Other parts of your body were involved, too, but the adrenal gland has a very special function. The adrenal gland is located on top of your kidney. Since you have two kidneys. You also have two adrenal glands. Each adrenal gland is div
25、ided into two parts: a cortex (外皮) and a medulla (髓质). The cortex forms the outer shell; the medulla forms the central core. Both the cortex and the medulla secrete (分泌) hormones, but they have different functions. The cortex produces more than forty different chemical compounds and hormones. All th
26、ese things are essential to sustain life. The medulla secretes adrenalin (also called epinephrine, the hormone that prepares the body for emergencies.) When you are suddenly faced with a dangerous or stressful situation, part of your brain instantly sends a signal to the adrenal gland, and all sorts
27、 of things begin to your body. The medulla releases an extra amount of adrenalin into the bloodstream. The adrenalin is carried rapidly throughout the body, stimulating other glands and systems.In this passage, the author is mainly discussing the function of _.Athe human brainBglands and systems in
28、the bodyCthe cortex of the adrenal glandDthe medulla of the adrenal gland 24.Bond had walked for only a few minutes when it suddenly occurred to him that he was being followed. There was no evidence for it except a slight tingling (隐隐作痛) of the scalp (头皮) and an extra awareness of the people near hi
29、m, but he had faith in his sixth sense and he at once stopped in from of the shop window he was passing and looked casually back along 46th Street. Nothing but a lot of miscellaneous people moving slowly on the sidewalks, mostly on the same side as himself, the side that was sheltered from the sun.
30、There was no sudden movement into a doorway, nobody casually wiping his face with a handkerchief to avoid recognition, nobody bending down to tie a shoelace. Bond examined the Swiss watches in his shop window and then turned and sauntered on. After a few yards he stopped again. Still nothing. He wen
31、t on and turned right into the Avenue of the Americans, stopping in the first doorway, the entrance to a womens underwear store where a man in a tan suit with his back to him was examining the black lace pants on a particularly realistic dummy (模型). Bond turned and leant against a pillar and gazed l
32、azily but watchfully out into the street. And then something gripped his pistol arm and a voice snarled: All right, Limey. Take it easy unless you want lead for lunch, and he felt something press into his back just above the kidney. What was there familiar about that voice The law The gun Bond glanc
33、ed down to see what was holding his right arm. It was a steel hook. Well, if the man had only one arm! Like lightening he turned around, bending sideways and bringing his left fist round in a flailing blow, low down. There was a smack as his fist was caught in the other mans left hand, and at the sa
34、me time as the contact telegraphed to Bonds mind that there could have been no gun, there came the well-remembered laugh and the lazy voice saying: No good, James. The angles have got you. Bond straightened himself slowly and for a moment he could only gaze into the grinning hawk-life face of Felix
35、Leiterwith blank disbelief, his built-up tension slowly relaxing. So you were doing a front tail, you lousy bastard, he finally said.Bond realized that he was being followed by means of _.Ahis common senseBhis sense of humourChis sightDhis sixth sense 25.One of the industrial giants who changed Amer
36、ican society was Henry Ford horn on a farm in Michigan in 1863, and he grew up to bring forth some of the most revolutionary improvements in automotive technology in the early 20th century. His outstanding mechanical ability led him to become interested in the new automobiles in the early 1900s. Tho
37、ugh be did not invent the automobile, he improved upon everyone elses designs. He was a person who believed in inexpensive, efficient production, so he established standards for his plants and workers. He also standardized and produced many new auto parts for his Ford Motor Company cars. Then he stu
38、died the workers problems and thousands of automobiles per year. In fact, his plants had produced 15 million Model TS by 1927. Fords personality was not all thrift (节俭), efficiency and inventiveness, however. He was a man who was cold and who could not keep pace with the competition due to his own r
39、igidity (严格). His company suffered because of his desire to maintain the existing state instead of meeting and beating the competition by changing his products. Finally, he saw that he must change or fail, therefore, he introduced a newtype engine and once again took over the automobile market. Ford
40、 left a legacy of millions of dollars, millions of jobs for American workers, and millions of satisfied customers.It is Henry Fords belief that _.Aproducts should be made with less cost but higher efficiencyBproducts should be sold at low prices in large quantityCproducts should be sold at high pric
41、es in large quantityDstandards must be established in his plants 26.Have you ever been startled by a loud noise or by someone appearing suddenly behind you on dark night or by a snake in the grass Do you remember the sudden, tight feeling in your chest, the way your heart started go pound, the way y
42、ou seemed to breathe more rapidly Such reactions occurred because you were frightened. Your brain sent a signal to the special gland (腺) in your body caned the adrenal (肾上的) gland. Other parts of your body were involved, too, but the adrenal gland has a very special function. The adrenal gland is lo
43、cated on top of your kidney. Since you have two kidneys. You also have two adrenal glands. Each adrenal gland is divided into two parts: a cortex (外皮) and a medulla (髓质). The cortex forms the outer shell; the medulla forms the central core. Both the cortex and the medulla secrete (分泌) hormones, but
44、they have different functions. The cortex produces more than forty different chemical compounds and hormones. All these things are essential to sustain life. The medulla secretes adrenalin (also called epinephrine, the hormone that prepares the body for emergencies.) When you are suddenly faced with
45、 a dangerous or stressful situation, part of your brain instantly sends a signal to the adrenal gland, and all sorts of things begin to your body. The medulla releases an extra amount of adrenalin into the bloodstream. The adrenalin is carried rapidly throughout the body, stimulating other glands an
46、d systems.Which of the following is NOT trueAThe adrenal gland is located on top of the kidney.BEach kidney is composed of two adrenal glands.CThe medulla is inside the cortex.DThe cortex and the medulla have different functions. 27.A recent development is the local area network (LAN). (21) its name implies, it (22) a local areapossibly as small as a single room, typically an area like an university campus or the premises of a particular business. Local area networks were developed to (23) a need specific to microcomputersthe sharing of expensive resources. Microcomputers are cheap, (2