2021软件水平考试考试真题卷(2).docx

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1、2021软件水平考试考试真题卷(2)本卷共分为1大题50小题,作答时间为180分钟,总分100分,60分及格。一、单项选择题(共50题,每题2分。每题的备选项中,只有一个最符合题意) 1.A transport layer protocol usually has several responsibilitiesOne is to create a process-to-process communication;UDP uses (1) numbers to accomplish thisAnother responsibility is to provide control mechani

2、sms at the transport levelUDP does this task at a very minimal levelThere is no flow control mechanism and there is no(2) for received packetUDP, however, does provide error control to some extentIf UDP detects an error in the received packet,it will silently drop it The transport layer also provide

3、s a connection mechanism for the processesThe (3) must be able to send streams of data to the transport layerIt is the responsibility of the transport layer at (4) station to make the connection with the receiver, chop the stream into transportable units,number them,and send them one by oneIt is the

4、 responsibility of the transport layer at the receiving end to wait until all the different units belonging to the same process have arrived,check and pass those that are (5) free, and deliver them to the receiving process as a stream(1)处应填()。AhopBportCrouteDpacket2.网络设计过程包括逻辑网络设计和物理网络设计两个阶段,各个阶段都要产

5、生相应的文档,以下选项中,(1)属于逻辑网络设计文档,(2)属于物理网络设计文档。(2)处应填()。A网络IP 地址分配方案B设备列表清单C集中访谈的信息资料D网络内部的通信流量分布3.以太网介质访问控制策略可以采用不同的监听算法,其中一种是:一旦介质空闲就发送数据,假如介质忙,继续监听,直到介质空闲后立即发送数据,这种算法称为(1)监听算法,该算法的主要特点是(2)。(2)处应填()。A介质利用率和冲突概率都低B介质利用率和冲突概率都高C介质利用率低且无法避免冲突D介质利用率高且可以有效避免冲突4.A transport layer protocol usually has several

6、responsibilitiesOne is to create a process-to-process communication;UDP uses (1) numbers to accomplish thisAnother responsibility is to provide control mechanisms at the transport levelUDP does this task at a very minimal levelThere is no flow control mechanism and there is no(2) for received packet

7、UDP, however, does provide error control to some extentIf UDP detects an error in the received packet,it will silently drop it The transport layer also provides a connection mechanism for the processesThe (3) must be able to send streams of data to the transport layerIt is the responsibility of the

8、transport layer at (4) station to make the connection with the receiver, chop the stream into transportable units,number them,and send them one by oneIt is the responsibility of the transport layer at the receiving end to wait until all the different units belonging to the same process have arrived,

9、check and pass those that are (5) free, and deliver them to the receiving process as a stream(2)处应填()。AconnectionBwindowCacknowledgementDdestination5.配置路由器时,PC 机的串行口与路由器的(1)相连,路由器与PC 机串行口通信的默认数据速率为(2)。(2)处应填()。A2400b/sB4800b/sC9600b/sD10Mb/s6.A transport layer protocol usually has several responsibi

10、litiesOne is to create a process-to-process communication;UDP uses (1) numbers to accomplish thisAnother responsibility is to provide control mechanisms at the transport levelUDP does this task at a very minimal levelThere is no flow control mechanism and there is no(2) for received packetUDP, howev

11、er, does provide error control to some extentIf UDP detects an error in the received packet,it will silently drop it The transport layer also provides a connection mechanism for the processesThe (3) must be able to send streams of data to the transport layerIt is the responsibility of the transport

12、layer at (4) station to make the connection with the receiver, chop the stream into transportable units,number them,and send them one by oneIt is the responsibility of the transport layer at the receiving end to wait until all the different units belonging to the same process have arrived,check and

13、pass those that are (5) free, and deliver them to the receiving process as a stream(3)处应填()。AjobsBprocessesCprogramsDusers7.A transport layer protocol usually has several responsibilitiesOne is to create a process-to-process communication;UDP uses (1) numbers to accomplish thisAnother responsibility

14、 is to provide control mechanisms at the transport levelUDP does this task at a very minimal levelThere is no flow control mechanism and there is no(2) for received packetUDP, however, does provide error control to some extentIf UDP detects an error in the received packet,it will silently drop it Th

15、e transport layer also provides a connection mechanism for the processesThe (3) must be able to send streams of data to the transport layerIt is the responsibility of the transport layer at (4) station to make the connection with the receiver, chop the stream into transportable units,number them,and

16、 send them one by oneIt is the responsibility of the transport layer at the receiving end to wait until all the different units belonging to the same process have arrived,check and pass those that are (5) free, and deliver them to the receiving process as a stream(4)处应填()。AsendingBroutingCswitchingD

17、receiving8.A transport layer protocol usually has several responsibilitiesOne is to create a process-to-process communication;UDP uses (1) numbers to accomplish thisAnother responsibility is to provide control mechanisms at the transport levelUDP does this task at a very minimal levelThere is no flo

18、w control mechanism and there is no(2) for received packetUDP, however, does provide error control to some extentIf UDP detects an error in the received packet,it will silently drop it The transport layer also provides a connection mechanism for the processesThe (3) must be able to send streams of d

19、ata to the transport layerIt is the responsibility of the transport layer at (4) station to make the connection with the receiver, chop the stream into transportable units,number them,and send them one by oneIt is the responsibility of the transport layer at the receiving end to wait until all the d

20、ifferent units belonging to the same process have arrived,check and pass those that are (5) free, and deliver them to the receiving process as a stream(5)处应填()。AcallBstateCcostDerror9.进程Pl、P2、P3、P4和P5的前趋图如下:若用PV操作控制进程P1P5并发执行的过程,则需要设置5个信号量S1、S2、S3、S4和S5,进程间同步所使用的信号量标注在上图中的边上,且信号量S1S5的初值都等于零,初始状态下进程P

21、1 开始执行。下图中a、b和c处应分别填写(2);d和e处应分别填写(3),f和g处应分别填写(4)。(2)处应填()。AV(S1)V(S2)、P(S1)和v(S3)V(S4)BP(S1)V(S2)、P(S1)和P(S2)V(S1)CV(S1)V(S2)、P(S1)和P(S3)P(S4)DP(S1)P(S2)、V(S1)和P(S3)V(S2)10.进程Pl、P2、P3、P4和P5的前趋图如下:若用PV操作控制进程P1P5并发执行的过程,则需要设置5个信号量S1、S2、S3、S4和S5,进程间同步所使用的信号量标注在上图中的边上,且信号量S1S5的初值都等于零,初始状态下进程P1 开始执行。下图

22、中a、b和c处应分别填写(2);d和e处应分别填写(3),f和g处应分别填写(4)。(3)处应填()。AP(S1)和V(S5)BV(S1)和P(S5)CP(S2)和V(S5)DV(S2)和P(S5)11.进程Pl、P2、P3、P4 和P5 的前趋图如下:若用PV 操作控制进程P1P5 并发执行的过程,则需要设置5 个信号量S1、S2、S3、S4和S5,进程间同步所使用的信号量标注在上图中的边上,且信号量S1S5 的初值都等于零,初始状态下进程P1 开始执行。下图中a、b 和c 处应分别填写(2);d 和e 处应分别填写(3),f和g 处应分别填写(4)。(4)处应填()。AP(S3)和V(S4

23、)V(S5)BP(S3)和P(S4)P(S5)CV(S3)和V(S4)V(S5)DV(S3)和P(S4)P(S5)12.某企业工程项目管理数据库的部分关系模式如下图所示,其中带实下划线的表示主键,虚下划线的表示外键其中供应关系是(5)的联系。若一个工程项目可以有多个员工参加,每个员工可以参加多个项目,则项目和员工之间是(6)联系。对项目和员工关系进行设计时,(7)设计成一个独立的关系模式。(5)处应填()。A2个实体之间的1:nB2个实体之间的n:mC3个实体之间的1:n:mD3个实体之间的k:n:m13.某企业欲对内部的数据库进行数据集成。如果集成系统的业务逻辑较为简单,仅使用数据库中的单表

24、数据即可实现业务功能,这时采用 (18) 方式进行数据交换与处理较为合适;如果集成系统的业务逻辑较为复杂,并需要通过数据库中不同表的连接操作获取数据才能实现业务功能,这时采用 (19) 方式进行数据交换与处理较为合适。(18)处应填()。A数据网关B主动记录C包装器D数据映射14.RUP是一个二维的软件开发模型,其核心特点之一是 (27) 。RUP将软件开发生存周期划分为多个循环(cycle),每个循环由4个连续的阶段组成,每个阶段完成确定的任务。设计及确定系统的体系结构,制定工作计划及资源要求是在 (28) 阶段完成的。(27)处应填()。A数据驱动B模型驱动C用例驱动D状态驱动15.某大型

25、商业公司欲集成其内部的多个业务系统,这些业务系统的运行平台和开发语言差异较大,而且系统所使用的通信协议和数据格式各不相同,针对这种情况,采用基于 (20) 的集成框架较为合适。除此以外,集成系统还需要根据公司的新业务需要,灵活、动态地定制系统之间的功能协作关系,针对这一需求,应该选择基于 (21) 技术的实现方式更为合适。(20)处应填()。A数据库B文件系统C总线D点对点16.企业战略数据模型可分为两种类型: (35) 描述日常事务处理中的数据及其关系; (36) 描述企业管理决策者所需信息及其关系。(35)处应填()。A元数据模型B数据库模型C数据仓库模型D组织架构模型17.某公司欲开发一

26、门户网站,将公司的各个分公司及办事处信息进行整合。现决定采用Composite设计模式来实现公司的组织结构关系,并设计了如下图所示的UML类图。图中与Composite模式中的Component角色相对应的类是 (33) ,与Composite角色相对应的类是 (34) 。(33)处应填()。ACompanyBFinanceDepartmentCHRDepartmentDConcreteCompany18.(44) 描述了一类软件架构的特征,它独立于实际问题,强调软件系统中通用的组织结构选择。垃圾回收机制是Java语言管理内存资源时常用的一种 (45) 。(44)处应填()。A架构风格B开发方

27、法C设计模式D分析模式19.某企业工程项目管理数据库的部分关系模式如下图所示,其中带实下划线的表示主键,虚下划线的表示外键其中供应关系是(5)的联系。若一个工程项目可以有多个员工参加,每个员工可以参加多个项目,则项目和员工之间是(6)联系。对项目和员工关系进行设计时,(7)设计成一个独立的关系模式。(6)处应填()。A1:1B1:nCn:mDn:120.某企业欲对内部的数据库进行数据集成。如果集成系统的业务逻辑较为简单,仅使用数据库中的单表数据即可实现业务功能,这时采用 (18) 方式进行数据交换与处理较为合适;如果集成系统的业务逻辑较为复杂,并需要通过数据库中不同表的连接操作获取数据才能实现

28、业务功能,这时采用 (19) 方式进行数据交换与处理较为合适。(19)处应填()。A数据网关B主动记录C包装器D数据映射21.在面向对象设计中,用于描述目标软件与外部环境之间交互的类被称为 (29) ,它可以 (30) 。(29)处应填()。A实体类B边界类C模型类D控制类22.某大型商业公司欲集成其内部的多个业务系统,这些业务系统的运行平台和开发语言差异较大,而且系统所使用的通信协议和数据格式各不相同,针对这种情况,采用基于 (20) 的集成框架较为合适。除此以外,集成系统还需要根据公司的新业务需要,灵活、动态地定制系统之间的功能协作关系,针对这一需求,应该选择基于 (21) 技术的实现方式

29、更为合适。(21)处应填()。A分布式对象B远程过程调用C进程间通信D工作流23.1995年Kruchten提出了著名的4+1视图,用来描述软件系统的架构。在4+1视图中, (46) 用来描述设计的对象模型和对象之间的关系; (47) 描述了软件模块的组织与管理; (48) 描述设计的并发和同步特征。(46)处应填()。A逻辑视图B用例视图C过程视图D开发视图24.某公司欲开发一门户网站,将公司的各个分公司及办事处信息进行整合。现决定采用Composite设计模式来实现公司的组织结构关系,并设计了如下图所示的UML类图。图中与Composite模式中的Component角色相对应的类是 (33

30、) ,与Composite角色相对应的类是 (34) 。(34)处应填()。ACompanyBFinance DepartmentCHR DepartmentDConcrete Company25.企业战略数据模型可分为两种类型: (35) 描述日常事务处理中的数据及其关系; (36) 描述企业管理决策者所需信息及其关系。(36)处应填()。A元数据模型B数据库模型C数据仓库模型D组织架构模型26.(44) 描述了一类软件架构的特征,它独立于实际问题,强调软件系统中通用的组织结构选择。垃圾回收机制是Java语言管理内存资源时常用的一种 (45) 。(45)处应填()。A架构风格B开发方法C设计

31、模式D分析模式27.某企业工程项目管理数据库的部分关系模式如下图所示,其中带实下划线的表示主键,虚下划线的表示外键其中供应关系是(5)的联系。若一个工程项目可以有多个员工参加,每个员工可以参加多个项目,则项目和员工之间是(6)联系。对项目和员工关系进行设计时,(7)设计成一个独立的关系模式。(7)处应填()。A多对多的联系在向关系模型转换时必须B多对多的联系在向关系模型转换时无须C只需要将一端的码并入多端,所以无须D不仅需要将一端的码并入多端,而且必须28.在面向对象设计中,用于描述目标软件与外部环境之间交互的类被称为 (29) ,它可以 (30) 。(30)处应填()。A表示目标软件系统中具

32、有持久意义的信息项及其操作B协调、控制其他类完成用例规定的功能或行为C实现目标软件系统与外部系统或外部设备之间的信息交流和互操作D分解任务并把子任务分派给适当的辅助类29.1995年Kruchten提出了著名的4+1视图,用来描述软件系统的架构。在4+1视图中, (46) 用来描述设计的对象模型和对象之间的关系; (47) 描述了软件模块的组织与管理; (48) 描述设计的并发和同步特征。(47)处应填()。A逻辑视图B用例视图C过程视图D开发视图30.软件质量属性通常需要采用特定的设计策略实现。例如, (58) 设计策略能提高该系统的可用性, (59) 设计策略能够提高该系统的性能, (60

33、) 设计策略能够提高该系统的安全性。(58)处应填()。A心跳机制B数据驱动C关注点分离D信息隐藏31.识别风险点、非风险点、敏感点和权衡点是软件架构评估过程中的关键步骤。针对某系统所作的架构设计中,系统需要支持的最大并发用户数量直接影响传输协议和数据格式描述了系统架构设计中的一个 (62) ;由于系统的业务逻辑目前尚不清楚,因此现有系统三层架构中的第二层可能会出现功能重复,这会影响系统的可修改性描述了系统架构设计中的一个 (63) 。(62)处应填()。A敏感点B风险点C非风险点D权衡点32.某公司在对一家用车库门嵌入式软件系统进行架构设计时,识别出两个关键的质量属性场景,其中当车库门正常下

34、降时,如果发现下面有障碍物,则系统停止下降的时间需要控制在0.1秒内与 (56) 质量属性相关;系统需要为部署在远程PC机上的智能家居系统留有控制接口,并支持在智能家居系统中对该系统进行远程错误诊断与调试与 (57) 质量属性相关。(56)处应填()。A可用性B性能C可修改性D可测试性33.1995年Kruchten提出了著名的4+1视图,用来描述软件系统的架构。在4+1视图中, (46) 用来描述设计的对象模型和对象之间的关系; (47) 描述了软件模块的组织与管理; (48) 描述设计的并发和同步特征。(48)处应填()。A逻辑视图B用例视图C过程视图D开发视图34.软件质量属性通常需要采

35、用特定的设计策略实现。例如, (58) 设计策略能提高该系统的可用性, (59) 设计策略能够提高该系统的性能, (60) 设计策略能够提高该系统的安全性。(59)处应填()。A引入中间层B事务机制C主动冗余D优先级队列35.某公司在对一家用车库门嵌入式软件系统进行架构设计时,识别出两个关键的质量属性场景,其中当车库门正常下降时,如果发现下面有障碍物,则系统停止下降的时间需要控制在0.1秒内与 (56) 质量属性相关;系统需要为部署在远程PC机上的智能家居系统留有控制接口,并支持在智能家居系统中对该系统进行远程错误诊断与调试与 (57) 质量属性相关。(57)处应填()。A可用性B性能C可修改

36、性D可测试性36.识别风险点、非风险点、敏感点和权衡点是软件架构评估过程中的关键步骤。针对某系统所作的架构设计中,系统需要支持的最大并发用户数量直接影响传输协议和数据格式描述了系统架构设计中的一个 (62) ;由于系统的业务逻辑目前尚不清楚,因此现有系统三层架构中的第二层可能会出现功能重复,这会影响系统的可修改性描述了系统架构设计中的一个 (63) 。(63)处应填()。A敏感点B风险点C非风险点D权衡点37.软件质量属性通常需要采用特定的设计策略实现。例如, (58) 设计策略能提高该系统的可用性, (59) 设计策略能够提高该系统的性能, (60) 设计策略能够提高该系统的安全性。(60)

37、处应填()。A信息隐藏B内置监控器C限制访问D检查点38.Information systems design is defined as those tasks that focus on the specification of a detailed computer-based solution. Typically, there are four systems design tasks for in-house development.1) The first task is to specify (71) ,which defines the technologies to be

38、used by one, more, or all information systems in terms of their data, processes, interfaces, and network components. This task is accomplished by analyzing the data models and process models that are initially created during requirements analys16.2) The next systems design task is to develop the (72

39、) . The purpose of this task is to prepare technical design specifications for a database that will be adaptable to future requirements and expansion.3) Once the database prototype has been built, the systems designer can work closely with system users to develop input, output and dialogue specifica

40、tions. The (73) must be specified to ensure that the outputs are not lost, misrouted, misused, or incomplete.4) The fourth design task involves packaging all the specifications from the previous design tasks into a set of specifications that will guide the (74) activities during the following phases

41、 of the systems development methodology.Finally, we should (75) and update the project plan accordingly. The key deliverable should include a detailed plan for the construction phase that should follow.(71)处应填()。Aan application architectureBa distributed systemCa system scopeDa system physical model

42、39.Information systems design is defined as those tasks that focus on the specification of a detailed computer-based solution. Typically, there are four systems design tasks for in-house development.1) The first task is to specify (71) ,which defines the technologies to be used by one, more, or all

43、information systems in terms of their data, processes, interfaces, and network components. This task is accomplished by analyzing the data models and process models that are initially created during requirements analys16.2) The next systems design task is to develop the (72) . The purpose of this ta

44、sk is to prepare technical design specifications for a database that will be adaptable to future requirements and expansion.3) Once the database prototype has been built, the systems designer can work closely with system users to develop input, output and dialogue specifications. The (73) must be sp

45、ecified to ensure that the outputs are not lost, misrouted, misused, or incomplete.4) The fourth design task involves packaging all the specifications from the previous design tasks into a set of specifications that will guide the (74) activities during the following phases of the systems developmen

46、t methodology.Finally, we should (75) and update the project plan accordingly. The key deliverable should include a detailed plan for the construction phase that should follow.(72)处应填()。Adatabase design specificationsBdatabase organization decisionsCdata structure specificationsDdata distribution de

47、cisions40.Information systems design is defined as those tasks that focus on the specification of a detailed computer-based solution. Typically, there are four systems design tasks for in-house development.1) The first task is to specify (71) ,which defines the technologies to be used by one, more, or all information systems in terms of their data, processes, interfaces, and network components. This task is accomplished by analyzing the data models and process models that

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