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1、2021美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)考试模拟卷（2）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.The nurse is caring for a neonate with congenital clubfoot. The child has a cast to correct the defect. Before discharge, what should the nurse tell the parents（）A. The cast will be removed in 6 we
2、eks.B. A new cast is needed every 1 to 2 weeks.C. A short leg cast is applied when the baby is ready to walk.D. The cast will be removed when the baby begins to crawl.2.A client is admitted to the labor and delivery unit in active labor. She has had no prenatal care but appears to be between 32 and
3、35 weeks gestation. History reveals that shes gravida 5, para 1, abortus 3. She tells the nurse she thinks her friend gave her a cigarette containing crack cocaine. What should the nurse do nextA. Move the precipitant delivery cart to the labor room, and notify the neonatologist on call.B. Teach the
4、 mother controlled breathing techniques. C. Call a family member to come to the hospital. D. Call the friend who gave the client the cigarette and find out exactly what the drug was. 3.An 8-year-old child enters a health care facility. During assessment, the nurse discovers that the child is experie
5、ncing the anxiety of separation from his parents. The nurse makes the nursing diagnosis of Fear related to separation from familiar environment and family. Which nursing intervention is most likely to help the child cope with fear and separation（）A. Ask the parents not to visit the child until he ha
6、s adjusted to the new environment.B. Ask the physician to explain to the child why he needs to stay in the health care facility.C. Explain to the child that he must act like an adult while he’s in the facility.D. Have the parents stay with the child and participate in his care.4.The nurse is c
7、aring for a client with cholelithiasis. Which sign indicates obstructive jaundice（）A. Straw-colored urine.B. Reduced hematocrit.C. Clay-colored stools.D. Elevated urobilinogen in the urine.5.Which intervention has the highest priority when providing skin care to a bedridden client（）A. Changing the b
8、ed linens frequently for an incontinent client.B. Keeping the skin clean and dry without using harsh soaps.C. Gently massaging the skin around the pressure areas.D. Rubbing moisturizing lotion over the pressure areas.6.The nurse is providing care for a pregnant client with gestational diabetes. The
9、client asks the nurse if her gestational diabetes will affect her delivery. The nurse should know that（）A. the delivery may need to be induced early.B. the delivery must be by cesarean.C. the mother will carry to term safely.D. it’s too early to tell.7.A client on an inpatient psychiatric unit
10、 at a community mental health center is pacing up and down the hallway. The client has a history of aggression. Which response by the nurse would be best when approaching the client（）A. If you can’t relax, you could go to your room.B. Would you like your antianxiety medication nowC. You’
11、re pacing. What’s going onD. Let’s go play a game of pool.8.A neonate receives an Apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. The 5-minute Apgar score is more predictive for which of the following（）A. Residual neurologic damage.B. Residual respiratory depression.C. Congenital heart defec
12、ts.D. Gestational age of the neonate.9.The nurse is caring for a client who complains of chronic pain. Given this complaint, why would the nurse simultaneously evaluate both general physical and psychosocial problems（）A. Depression is commonly characterized by pain disorders and somatic complaints.B
13、. Combining evaluations will save time and allow for quicker delivery of health care.C. Most insurance plans won’t cover evaluation of both as separate entities.D. The physician doesn’t have the training to evaluate for psychosocial considerations.10.A client with a spinal cord injury an
14、d subsequent urine retention receives intermittent catheterization every 4 hours. The average catheterized urine volume has been 550mL. What should the nurse do（）A. Increase the frequency of the catheterizations.B. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter.C. Place the client on fluid restrictions.D. Us
15、e a condom catheter instead of an invasive one.11.While inspecting the clients chest, the nurse notes that the chest wall contracts on inspiration and bulges on expiration. The nurse suspects which of the following problem from this assessment（）A. Hemothorax.B. Flail chest.C. Pneumothorax.D. Tension
16、 pneumothorax.12.The nurse is caring for a client who exhibits signs of somatization. Which of the following statements is most relevant（）A. Clients with somatization are cognitively impaired.B. Anxiety rarely coexists with somatization.C. Somatization exists when medical evidence supports the sympt
17、oms.D. Clients with somatization often have lengthy medical records.13.The nurse is administering sublingual nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) to the client. Immediately afterward, the client may experience which of the following symptoms（）A. Nervousness or paresthesia.B. Throbbing headache or dizziness.C.
18、Drowsiness or blurred vision.D. Tinnitus or diplopia.14.The mother of a 9-month-old asks about adding new foods to his diet. The child is being breast-fed and takes formula and cereal when at the sitters. Which of the following would the nurse instruct the mother to do（）A. Mix new foods with formula
19、 or breast milk.B. Mix new foods with more familiar foods.C. Offer new foods one at a time.D. Offer new foods after giving formula or breast milk.15.A client with a history of panic attacks seeks to increase social interaction. Each time the client tries to go to the dayroom, she begins to perspire
20、and becomes short of breath. Which action by the nurse will help ease the clients feelings of panicA. Have other clients volunteer to accompany the client.B. Tell the client she has to overcome her fear.C. Allow the client to stay in her room.D. Walk with the client and stay with her while shes in t
21、he dayroom.16.The client is taking lithium (Lithobid). Which instruct should the nurse give to the client（）A. Drink at least six to eight glasses of water per day and to avoid caffeine.B. Limit the use of salt in his diet.C. Discontinue medicine when feeling better.D. Increase the amount of sodium i
22、n his diet.17.Which of the following drugs may be abused because of tolerance and physiologic dependence（）A. Lithium (Lithobid) and divalproex (Depakote).B. Verapamil (Calan) and chlorpromazine (Thorazine).C. Alprazolam (Xanax) and phenobarbital (Luminal).D. Clozapine (Clozaril) and amitriptyline (E
23、lavil).18.While caring for a healthy neonate female, the nurse notices red stains on the diaper after the neonate voids. Which of the following should the nurse do（）A. Call the physician to report the problem.B. Encourage the mother to feed the neonate to decrease dehydration.C. Check the neonate&rs
24、quo;s urine for hematuria.D. Do nothing because this is normal.19.The client with cirrhosis is put on a sodium-restricted diet and a diuretic. The nurse would expect to administer a potassium-sparing diuretic. Which of the follow is a potassium-sparing diureticA. Furosemide (Lasix).B. Spironolactone
25、 (Aldactone).C. Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL). D. Ethacrynic acid (Edecrin). 20.A 16-year-old girl comes to the school nurse complaining of cramps, backache, and nausea with her periods. The nurse most likely would interpret these symptoms as which of the following（）A. Pathologic.B. Physiologic.
26、C. Psychogenic.D. Psychosomatic.21.When caring for a client with ulcerative colitis, the nurse should include which of the following nursing interventions in the plan of care（）A. Encouraging the use of stool softeners.B. Suggesting sitz baths as needed.C. Arrange for the client to have a private bat
27、hroom.D. Wearing a gown to provide direct care.22.The nurse observes that the clients total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solution is infusing too slowly. The nurse calculates that the client has received 300 mL less than was ordered for the day. What should the nurse do next（）A. Assess the infusion sy
28、stem, note the client’s condition, and notify the physician.B. Discontinue the solution and administer dextrose in 5% water until the infusion problem is resolved.C. Increase the flow rate to infuse an additional 300 mL over the next hour.D. Maintain the flow rate at the current rate and docum
29、ent any discrepancy in the chart.23.Which of the following factors would be most important in selecting the needle length to use for a subcutaneous injection of hydromorphone hydrochloride（）A. The diameter of the needle.B. The amount of adipose tissue at the administration site.C. The amount of medi
30、cation to be administered.D. The viscosity of the solution to be injected.24.The nurse discusses discharge plan with the parents of a child following a sickle cell crisis. Which of the following would the nurse emphasize the need to seek prompt health care（）A. Headaches and nausea.B. Fatigue and las
31、situde.C. Skin rash and itching.D. Sore throat and fever.25.For which type of schizophrenia should the nurse expect to provide the most physical care（）A. Disorganized type.B. Catatonic type.C. Paranoid type.D. Undifferentiated type.26.A woman who is 10 weeks pregnant complains about her fatigue and
32、frequent urination. What would be the nurses response（）A. Recognize these as normal early pregnancy signs and symptoms.B. Question her further about these signs and symptoms.C. Tell the client that she’ll need blood work and urinalysis.D. Tell the client that she may be excessively worried.27.
33、The nurse must assess judgment to determine a clients mental status. Which test best accomplishes this（）A. Interpreting proverbs.B. Spelling words backward.C. Counting by serial sevens.D. Discussing hypothetical ethical situations.28.The nurse is assessing a pregnant woman in the clinic. In the cour
34、se of the assessment, the nurse learns that this woman smokes one pack of cigarettes per day. Which of the following is the first step the nurse should take to help the woman stop smoking（）A. Assess the client’s readiness to stop.B. Suggest that the client reduce the daily number of cigarettes
35、 smoked by one-half.C. Provide the client with the telephone number of a formal smoking-cessation program.D. Help the client develop a plan to stop.29.A client diagnosed with hyperthyroidism has been started on propylthiouracil (PTU) as drug therapy. The nurse should closely observe the client for w
36、hich of the following side effectsA. Unusual bleeding or bruising.B. Hypertension.C. Hypokalemia.D. Peripheral edema.30.After teaching the mother about tests performed to monitor the success of the infants treatment for congenital hypothyroidism, the nurse would determine that the teaching was effec
37、tive when the mother states that the child will need frequent blood tests and regular assessment of which of the following（）A. Blood electrolyte levels.B. Metabolic rate.C. Muscular coordination.D. Bone age.31.A client who suffered blunt chest trauma in a car accident complains of chest pain, which
38、is exacerbated by deep inspiration. On auscultation, the nurse detects a pericardial friction rub-a classic sign of acute pericarditis. To relieve chest pain associated with pericarditis, the nurse should encourage the client to assume which position（）A. Semi-Fowler’s.B. Leaning forward while
39、sitting.C. Supine.D. Prone.32.A client who is a gravida 1 para 0 has been admitted to the perinatal admission unit and is in early labor. The clients cervical examination would reveal which of the following（）A. 2 cm dilated; 100% effaced at 0 station.B. 4 to 5 cm dilated; 80% effaced at -1 station.C
40、. 2 cm dilated; 50% effaced at +1 station.D. 3 cm dilated; 50% effaced at 0 station.33.An 89-year-old client is suffering from dementia of the Alzheimers type. Which intervention would be most useful in managing his dementiaA. Provide a safe environment.B. Provide a stimulating environment.C. Avoid
41、the use of touch.D. Use restraints whenever necessary.34.Which of the following is NOT a contributory factor to thermoregulation in the preterm neonate（）A. Immature central nervous system (CNS).B. Large skin surface area.C. Lack of subcutaneous (SC) and brown fat.D. Tendency toward capillary fragili
42、ty.35.A client is diagnosed with a herniated lumbar disk at the L-5 interspace. Which of the following symptoms would most likely be the one that first caused the client to seek health care（）A. Loss of voluntary muscle control.B. Loss of bladder control.C. Back pain that is relieved with resting.D.
43、Back pain that radiates to the shoulders.36.The nurse is caring for a client during the fourth stage of labor. Which of the following nursing interventions would be LEAST appropriate（）A. Catheterization to protect the bladder from trauma.B. Perineal assessments for swelling and bleeding.C. Vital sig
44、ns and fundal checks every 15 minutes.D. Time with the neonate to initiate breast-feeding.37.Which of the following is normal neonate calorie intake（）A. 90 to 100 calories per kilogram.B. 110 to 130 calories per kilogram.C. 30 to 40 calories per lb of body weight.D. At least 2mL per feeding.38.In pe
45、rforming a routine fundal assessment, the nurse finds a clients fundus to be boggy. What action should the nurse take first（）A. Call the physician.B. Massage the fundus.C. Assess lochia flow.D. Start methylergonovine as ordered.39.The nurse instructs the client with hemorrhoids about how to decrease
46、 the discomfort. Which of the following interventions would be most likely recommended by the nurse（）A. Decrease fiber in the diet.B. Decrease physical activity.C. Take laxatives to promote bowel movements.D. Use warm sitz baths.40.An adolescent client immobilized in a spica cast complains of having
47、 trouble breathing after meals. Which of the following actions would be best（）A. Encourage the client to drink more between meals.B. Teach the adolescent purselip breathing.C. Give the client a laxative after meals.D. Offer the client small feedings several times a day.41.A primigravida at 36 weeks
48、gestation tells the nurse that she has moderate breast tenderness. The nurse teaches the client with some suggestions for relief measures. Which of the following statements by the client suggests the nurse that the client needs further instructions（）A. I should wear a supportive bra at all times.B. I should clean my nipples with soap.C. I should