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1、2022陕西公共英语考试模拟卷（9）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Many scientists today are convinced that life exists elsewhere in the universelife probably much like that on our own planet. They reason in the following way.As far as astronomers can determine, the entire
2、 universe is built of the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is reasonable to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our own solar system. What we know of life on earth suggests
3、that life will arise wherever the proper conditions exist.Life requires the right amount and kind of atmosphere. This eliminates all those planets in the universe that are not about the same size and weight as the earth. A smaller planet would lose its atmosphere, a larger one would hold too much of
4、 it.Life also required a steady supply of heat and light. This eliminates double stars, or stars that flare up suddenly. Only single stars that are steady sources of heat and light like our sun would qualify.Finally, life could evolve only if the planet is just the right distance from its sun. With
5、a weaker sun than our own, the planet would have to be closer to it. With a stronger sun, it would have to be farther away.If we suppose that every star in the universe has a family of planets, then how many planets might support life First, eliminate those stars that are not like our sun. Next, eli
6、minate most of their planets, they are either too far from or too close to their suns. Then eliminate all those planets which are not the same size and weight as the earth. Finally, remember that the proper conditions do not necessarily mean that life actually does exist on a planet. It may not have
7、 begun yet, or it may have already died out.This process of elimination seems to leave very few planets on which earthlike life might be found. However, even if life could exist on only one planet in a million, there are so many billions of planets that this would still leave a vast number on which
8、life could exist.Which of the following is NOT true according to the text（）.A. The existence of life needs a steady supply of heat and light.B. A smaller planet would hold too much of its atmosphere.C. Life may arise on the planet where the proper conditions exist.D. The existence of life needs the
9、right amount and kind of atmosphere.2.Younger people and older people do not always agree with each other. They sometimes have different ideas about life, work and play. But in one special program in New York Slate, adults and teenagers live together in peace. Each summer, 200 teenagers and 50 adult
10、s live together for eight weeks as members of a special workgroup. Everyone works several hours each day. The aim is not only to keep busy but to find meaning and enjoyment in work. Some teenagers work in the woods or on the farms near the village, Some learn to make furniture and to build houses. T
11、he adults teach them these skills.There are several free hours every day. And people are free on week- ends, too. During the free hours some teenagers learn photography or painting. Others sit around talking or singing, Each teenager has his own way to spend the free time.It is necessary to make rul
12、es when people live together. In this program the teenagers and the adults make the roles together. When someone breaks the rule, the group will discuss the problem. They will ask Why did it happen , What should we do about it After the program, one of the teenagers told us that, You stop thinking o
13、nly about yourself. You begin to think about the whole group. That’s what I’ve learnt from this program.What will people do when someone breaks the rule（）.A. Criticize him or herB. Have a group discussion about itC. Make more rulesD. Ask him or her to work more in the woods3.On Jan. 13,
14、1999, American basketball super-star Michael Jordan announced his retirement from the National Basketball Association (NBA). Speaking before a large crowd of journalists at the United Center in Chicago, Jordan stated that his decision to retire had been prompted by a feeling that he had no more chal
15、lenges to overcome in the world of professional basketball. The 35-year-old Michael Jordan, who led the Bulls to their sixth championship in eight years during the 1997-98 season, also emphasised that he wished to retire while knowing that he could still play the game. In announcing his retirement,
16、Jordan officially brought an end to his unparalleled 13-year career in the NBA.How long did Michael Jordan play in the NBA（）.A. 10 years.B. 11 years.C. 12 years.D. 13 years.4.M: Oh my God, it’s already 8:40!W: There’s no rush. I can take you in the car.M: Won’t it make you late W:
17、No, I’m going right past your place.What does the woman suggest the man doing（）.A. Rush to work.B. Go with her together.C. Drive her car.D. Hurry up.5.W: Sir, you’ve been using the online catalogue for quite a while. Is there anything I can do to help youM: Well, I’ve got to write
18、a paper about Hollywood in the 30s and 40s, and I’m really struggling. There are hundreds of books, and I just don’t know where to begin.W: Your topic sounds pretty big. Why don’t you narrow it down to something like., uh. the history of the studios during that timeM: You know, I w
19、as thinking about doing that, but more than 30 books came up when I typed in movie studios.W: You could cut that down even further by listing the specific years you want. Try adding 1930s or 1940s or maybe Golden Age.M: Golden Age is a good idea, Let me type that in. Hey, look, just 6 books this tim
20、e That’s a lot better.W: Oh, another thing you might consider. Have you tried looking for any magazines or newspaper articlesM: No, I’ve only been searching for books.W: Well, you can look up magazine articles in the Reader’s Guide to Periodical Literature.M: Okay, I think I’
21、ll get started with these books and then I’ll go over the magazines.W: If you need any help, I’ll be over at the Reference Desk.M: Great, thanks a lot.What does the man finally decide to modify his topic（）.A. Hollywood in the 30s and 40s.B. The history of movie studios.C. The history of
22、movie studios in the 30s.D. The history of movie studios in Golden Age.6.W: Well, Mr. Steve, we have had an interesting discussion about your work. Now, tell us something about your after work activities.M: I guess not much different from everyone else. I’m fond of sports, and I am about 3 mil
23、es every day. I particularly enjoy cross-country running, where you have to run across fields, jump over streams and so on. While I’m running I think about all kinds of things, and at the end of a run I’m sometimes surprised to find that I’ve managed to solve a problem that was on
24、my mind. Next year I’m going to ay the London Marathon. It’s a long, hard race26 miles, or 42 kilometres and you have to be tough to finish, but I very much want to do it. I worry a bit about getting old, and I’d like to prove to myself that I’m still almost as well as I was
25、twenty years ago. I’m interested in climbing as well as running. I’ll never become an expert climber, but I know what I’m doing in the mountains. I successfully completed a course in snow and ice climbing when I was younger, and I’ve done a lot of easy climbs in the Alps duri
26、ng the last few years. My wife doesn’t share my interest in mountains. She agreed to go climbing with me once, but she found that she felt sick as soon as she reached above 1000 metres, so we decided to follow different hobbies.W: You certainly seem to enjoy various types of recreation. All ri
27、ght, Mr. Smith. Thanks for your interesting talk.What is the speakers main topic（）.A. Training for a professional athlete.B. His ways of physical training.C. How to do cross-country running.D. How to do mountain climbing.7.Greek mythology is largely made up of stories about gods and goddesses, but i
28、t must not be read as a kind of Greek Bible, an account of the Greek religion.According to the most modern idea, a real myth has nothing to do with religion. It is an explanation of something in nature; how, for instance, any and everything in the universe came into existence: men, animals, this or
29、that tree or flower, the sun, the moon, the stars, storms, eruptions, earthquakes, all that is and all that happens. Thunder and lightning ale caused when Zeus hurls his thunderbolt. A volcano erupts because a terrible creature is imprisoned in the mountain and every now and then struggles to get fr
30、ee. The Dipper (大熊星座), the constellation (星座) called also the Great Bear, does not set below the horizon because a goddess once was angry at it and decreed (命令) that it should never sink into the sea. Myths ale early science, the result of men’s first trying to explain what they saw around the
31、m.But there are many so-called myths which explain nothing at all. These tales are pure entertainment, the sort of thing people would tell each other on a long winter’s evening. The story of Pygmalion (皮格马利翁) and Galatea is all example; it has no conceivable connection with any event in nature
32、. Neither has the Quest of the Golden Fleece (录找金羊毛), nor Orpheus (奥菲士，竖琴圣手) and Eurydice, nor many another. This fact is now generally accepted; and we do not have to try to find in every mythological heroine the moon or the dawn and in every hero’s life a sun myth. The stories are early lite
33、rature as well as early science. But religion is there, too. In the background, to be sure, but nevertheless plain to see. From Homer through the tragedians and even later, there is a deepening realization of what human beings need and what they must have in their gods.According to the passage, the
34、story of Pygmalion and Galatea（）.A. has something to do with the explanation of natureB. is pure entertainmentC. has something to do with scienceD. isclosely related to religion8.A pioneering study by Donald Appleyard made the surprising discovery that a sudden increase in the volume of traffic thro
35、ugh an area affects people in the way that a sudden increase in crime does. Appleyard observed this by finding three blocks of houses in San Francisco that looked much alike and had the same kind of middle-class and working-class residents, with approximately the same ethic mix. The difference was t
36、hat only 2000 cars a day ran down Octavia Street (LIGHT street in Appleyard’s terminology) while Gough Street (MEDIUM street) had 8 000 cars a day and Franklin Street (HEAVY street) had around 16 000 cars a day.Franklin Street often had as many cars in an hour as Octavia Street had in a day. H
37、eavy traffic brought with it danger, noise, fumes, and soot, directly, and trash secondarily. That is, the cars didn’t bring in much trash, but when trash accumulated, residents seldom picked it up. The cars, Appleyard determined, reduced the amount of territory residents felt responsible for.
38、 Noise was a constant intrusion into their homes. Many Franklin Street residents covered their doors and windows and spent most of their time in the rear of their houses. Most families with children had already left.Conditions on Octavia Street were much different. Residents picked up trash. They sa
39、t on their front steps and chatted with neighbors. They had three times as many friends and twice as many acquaintances as the people on Franklin.On Cough Street, residents said that the old feeling of community was disappearing as traffic increased. People were becoming more and more preoccupied wi
40、th their own lives. A number of families had recently moved. And more were considering it. Those who were staying expressed deep regret at the destruction of their community.The authors main purpose in the second paragraph is to（）.A. discuss the problem of handling trashB. suggest ways to cope with
41、traffic problemsC. point out the disadvantages of heavy trafficD. propose an alternative system of transportation9.TextMost young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It may be walking, cycling or swimming, in winter, or skating or skiing. It may be a game of some kind football, hockey, golf
42、 or tennis. It may be mountaineering.These who have a passion (26) climbing high and difficult mountains are often (27) with astonishment. Why are men and women (28) to suffer cold and hardship, and to (29) on high mountains This astonishment is caused, probably, by the difference between mountainee
43、ring and other forms of activity (30) which men give their leisure.Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made roles, as there are for (31) games as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of different kinds which it would be dangerous to (32) ,but it is this freedom from
44、man-made rules (33) makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own (34) .If we (35) mountaineering with other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is (36) mountaineering is not a team work. We should be mistaken in this. Th
45、ere are, it is true, no matches (37) teams of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may (38) ,there is obviously teamwork.A mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight (39) of nat
46、ure. His sport requires high mental and (40) qualities.A mountain climber (41) to improve in skill year after year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions (42) in their early twenties. But it is not (43) for men of fifty or sixty to climb the
47、highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more (44) than younger men, but they probably climb with more skill and less (45) of effort, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.28（）.A. willingB. reluctantC. unwillingD. probable10.Many scientists today are convinced that life exists elsewhere
48、in the universelife probably much like that on our own planet. They reason in the following way.As far as astronomers can determine, the entire universe is built of the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is reasonabl
49、e to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our own solar system. What we know of life on earth suggests that life will arise wherever the proper conditions exist.Life requires the right amount and kind of atmosphere. This eliminates all those planets in the universe that are not about the same size and weight as the earth. A smaller planet would lose its atmosphere, a larger one would hold too much o