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1、2022浙江专升本考试考试考前冲刺卷（4）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.What is the typical American family (21) Married American adults will name their husband or wife and their children (22) their immediate family(直系家庭). If they (23) their father, mother, sisters, or broth
2、ers, they will define them as separate units, usually (24) in separate households. Aunts, uncles, cousins, and grandparents are (25) extended family(扩大的家庭).The structure of the American family has undergone great changes (26) the 1950s. Traditionally, the American family (27) been a nuclear family,
3、consisting (28) a husband, a wife, and their children. Grandparents (29) live in the same home with their (30) sons and daughters.In the 1950s, 70 percent of American households (31) the classic American familya husband, wife, and two children. The father earned the money to (32) the family, the mot
4、her (33) the children and did not work outside the home, and they had two children.Yet, in the 1990s,only 8 percent of American households consisted of a (35) father, a stay-at- home mother, and two children. And (35) ,18 percent of households consisted of two parents who were both working and some
5、or more children living at home.25（）AthoughtBconsideredCtakenDbelieved2.What is the typical American family (21) Married American adults will name their husband or wife and their children (22) their immediate family(直系家庭). If they (23) their father, mother, sisters, or brothers, they will define the
6、m as separate units, usually (24) in separate households. Aunts, uncles, cousins, and grandparents are (25) extended family(扩大的家庭).The structure of the American family has undergone great changes (26) the 1950s. Traditionally, the American family (27) been a nuclear family, consisting (28) a husband
7、, a wife, and their children. Grandparents (29) live in the same home with their (30) sons and daughters.In the 1950s, 70 percent of American households (31) the classic American familya husband, wife, and two children. The father earned the money to (32) the family, the mother (33) the children and
8、 did not work outside the home, and they had two children.Yet, in the 1990s,only 8 percent of American households consisted of a (35) father, a stay-at- home mother, and two children. And (35) ,18 percent of households consisted of two parents who were both working and some or more children living a
9、t home.26（）AsinceBbeforeCeverDwhen3.What is the typical American family (21) Married American adults will name their husband or wife and their children (22) their immediate family(直系家庭). If they (23) their father, mother, sisters, or brothers, they will define them as separate units, usually (24) in
10、 separate households. Aunts, uncles, cousins, and grandparents are (25) extended family(扩大的家庭).The structure of the American family has undergone great changes (26) the 1950s. Traditionally, the American family (27) been a nuclear family, consisting (28) a husband, a wife, and their children. Grandp
11、arents (29) live in the same home with their (30) sons and daughters.In the 1950s, 70 percent of American households (31) the classic American familya husband, wife, and two children. The father earned the money to (32) the family, the mother (33) the children and did not work outside the home, and
12、they had two children.Yet, in the 1990s,only 8 percent of American households consisted of a (35) father, a stay-at- home mother, and two children. And (35) ,18 percent of households consisted of two parents who were both working and some or more children living at home.27（）AhasBhaveChadDbeing4.What
13、 is the typical American family (21) Married American adults will name their husband or wife and their children (22) their immediate family(直系家庭). If they (23) their father, mother, sisters, or brothers, they will define them as separate units, usually (24) in separate households. Aunts, uncles, cou
14、sins, and grandparents are (25) extended family(扩大的家庭).The structure of the American family has undergone great changes (26) the 1950s. Traditionally, the American family (27) been a nuclear family, consisting (28) a husband, a wife, and their children. Grandparents (29) live in the same home with t
15、heir (30) sons and daughters.In the 1950s, 70 percent of American households (31) the classic American familya husband, wife, and two children. The father earned the money to (32) the family, the mother (33) the children and did not work outside the home, and they had two children.Yet, in the 1990s,
16、only 8 percent of American households consisted of a (35) father, a stay-at- home mother, and two children. And (35) ,18 percent of households consisted of two parents who were both working and some or more children living at home.28（）AinBonCofDamong5.The whole industrial process which makes many of
17、 the goods and machines we need and use in our daily lives, is bound to create a number of waste products which upset the environmental balance or the ecological(生态的)balance as it is known. Many of these waste products can be prevented or disposed(处理) of sensibly, but clearly while more and more new
18、 goods are produced and made complex, there will be new, dangerous wastes to be disposed of, for example, the waste products from nuclear power stations. Many people therefore see pollution as only part of a larger and more complex problem, that is, the whole process of industrial production and con
19、sumption of goods. Others see the problem mainly in connection with agriculture, where new methods are helping farmers grow more and more on their land to feed our ever-increasing population. However, the land itself is gradually becoming worn out as it is being used, in some cases, too heavily, and
20、 artificial fertilizers(人造肥料) cannot bring back the balance.Whatever is underlying(潜在的)reasons, there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies, individuals and governments would make more efforts. In the home there is an obvious need to control litter(杂乱的废物
21、)and waste. Food is wrapped up three or four times in packages that all have to be disposed of; drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which cannot be reused. This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in terms of glass, metals and paper. Advertising has
22、helped this process by persuading many of us to buy things we don’t want to buy. Pollution and waste continue to be a problem everyone can help to solve by cutting out unnecessary buying, excess consumption and careless disposal of the products we use in our daily lives.The main cause of pollu
23、tion is（）Athe production of new industrial goodsBincreased amounts of unnatural substanceCour ever-increasing populationDthe release of artificial substances into the environment6.Australia is nearly as large as the United States, but most of it is too dry for people to live in. Around this dry part
24、 are large sheep and cow farms. A few of them are as large as the smallest states: of America. Often the nearest neighbours are several hundred kilometers away.The two-way radio is very important to people who live on these great Australian farms. It works much like a telephone. A person can listen
25、to someone else talk and then gives an answer. For example, people on the large farms could talk to a doctor far away. They could tell the doctor about someone who was ill, and the doctor could let them know how to look after the sick person.As the large farms were so far from towns, the children co
26、uld not go to school. Radio schools were started for them in some places. At a certain time each day, boys and girls turn on their radios and listen to teachers in cities far away.Families on the large farms wanted to give news to their neighbours. The programme Round Robin Talks by radio was starte
27、d to keep families in touch with each other. They could talk about who was going away and who was iii. The men could talk about their sheep and cows and how much money the markets would pay for them. In many ways the radio became a newspaper for the farm people of Australia.In the passage the two-wa
28、y radio is（）Aimportant to AmericansBuseful for children onlyCused as a telephoneDonly used by doctors7.Women earn less than men do. For example, in 1998 the hourly wages of women in the U. S. were 26% less than those of men. The gap between male and female incomes varies with age. The gap between th
29、e labor incomes of young women and young men varies. It’s also clear that jobs in which women are concentrated pay less. The larger the number of workers who are women in ran industry, the lower the average wages.Why do women earn less than men do Can the differences be explained by the fact t
30、hat women are looked down upon If so, the government has to intervene(干预), to force the employers to pay equal wages to equal jobs. However, there is no agreement among economists about the causes of the gap. One view argues that women, on the average, have chosen low-paying jobs in which workers en
31、joy the freedom of entering and leaving the labor force, which reduces their years of experience relative to men. Other people say the gap can also be explained by the difference in educational background.Much of the gap, however, has not been fully explained. It might be the result of some prejudic
32、e (偏见) against women. It is this part that has produced calls for government action. What would happen if the government did intervene to increase the wages paid to women One possibility is that incomes for women as a group might actually decline (下降). An increase in wage decreases the quantity of l
33、abor imput demanded, resulting in decreased employment as the rate of hiring new workers declines. The result will be a surplus (过剩) of labor. Those who can find jobs might be better off while those who had jobs might find themselves out of work.Some economists believe women earn less than men partl
34、y because（）Athere are more than enough women in the labor forceBwomen have more freedom in selecting jobsCwomen are only provided with low-paid jobsDwomen are less experienced than men8.Australia is nearly as large as the United States, but most of it is too dry for people to live in. Around this dr
35、y part are large sheep and cow farms. A few of them are as large as the smallest states: of America. Often the nearest neighbours are several hundred kilometers away.The two-way radio is very important to people who live on these great Australian farms. It works much like a telephone. A person can l
36、isten to someone else talk and then gives an answer. For example, people on the large farms could talk to a doctor far away. They could tell the doctor about someone who was ill, and the doctor could let them know how to look after the sick person.As the large farms were so far from towns, the child
37、ren could not go to school. Radio schools were started for them in some places. At a certain time each day, boys and girls turn on their radios and listen to teachers in cities far away.Families on the large farms wanted to give news to their neighbours. The programme Round Robin Talks by radio was
38、started to keep families in touch with each other. They could talk about who was going away and who was iii. The men could talk about their sheep and cows and how much money the markets would pay for them. In many ways the radio became a newspaper for the farm people of Australia.The children on the
39、 large farms far away（）Aalways went to school togetherBcould have lessons on the radiosClistened to teachers at schoolDbuilt radio schools with teachers9.The whole industrial process which makes many of the goods and machines we need and use in our daily lives, is bound to create a number of waste p
40、roducts which upset the environmental balance or the ecological(生态的)balance as it is known. Many of these waste products can be prevented or disposed(处理) of sensibly, but clearly while more and more new goods are produced and made complex, there will be new, dangerous wastes to be disposed of, for e
41、xample, the waste products from nuclear power stations. Many people therefore see pollution as only part of a larger and more complex problem, that is, the whole process of industrial production and consumption of goods. Others see the problem mainly in connection with agriculture, where new methods
42、 are helping farmers grow more and more on their land to feed our ever-increasing population. However, the land itself is gradually becoming worn out as it is being used, in some cases, too heavily, and artificial fertilizers(人造肥料) cannot bring back the balance.Whatever is underlying(潜在的)reasons, th
43、ere is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies, individuals and governments would make more efforts. In the home there is an obvious need to control litter(杂乱的废物)and waste. Food is wrapped up three or four times in packages that all have to be disposed of; dr
44、inks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which cannot be reused. This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in terms of glass, metals and paper. Advertising has helped this process by persuading many of us to buy things we don’t want to buy. Pollution a
45、nd waste continue to be a problem everyone can help to solve by cutting out unnecessary buying, excess consumption and careless disposal of the products we use in our daily lives.In the writers view, the more new goods there are,（）Athe less pollution we haveBthe harder pollution can be done away wit
46、hCthe more pollution there will beDthe more easily pollution can be controlled10.Women earn less than men do. For example, in 1998 the hourly wages of women in the U. S. were 26% less than those of men. The gap between male and female incomes varies with age. The gap between the labor incomes of you
47、ng women and young men varies. It’s also clear that jobs in which women are concentrated pay less. The larger the number of workers who are women in ran industry, the lower the average wages.Why do women earn less than men do Can the differences be explained by the fact that women are looked d
48、own upon If so, the government has to intervene(干预), to force the employers to pay equal wages to equal jobs. However, there is no agreement among economists about the causes of the gap. One view argues that women, on the average, have chosen low-paying jobs in which workers enjoy the freedom of ent
49、ering and leaving the labor force, which reduces their years of experience relative to men. Other people say the gap can also be explained by the difference in educational background.Much of the gap, however, has not been fully explained. It might be the result of some prejudice (偏见) against women. It is this part that has produced calls for government action. What would happen if the government did intervene to incre