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1、必修1 unit 4 language points 新课标人教版1. Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.1) shake : vi /vt (shook, shaken) cause to move to and fro shake hands with sb shake ones head over /at sthe.g. The whole house shook during the explosion. The explosion shook the house.Language Po
2、ints2) right away : at once ; in no time ; immediatelye.g. He is ill; you should send him to the doctor right away.2. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. rise (rose, risen) vi go up; get higher; (of the sun, moon, stars, etc.) come above the horizon; stand up
3、, get out of bed The flood has risen two feet. She usually rises early in the morning.rise: 升起升起; 上升上升; 上涨；提拔，晋升上涨；提拔，晋升 (不能用于被动语态不能用于被动语态)raise: 举起举起; 使升起使升起; 提高提高;养育，饲养养育，饲养 (可用于被动语态可用于被动语态)He _from his chair when the doorbell rang.Her job is _ chickens.Her temperature is still _.He _ in bank rece
4、ntly.roseraisingrisinghas risen3. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. smelly adj. 发臭的发臭的 smell + y = adj. wind-windy dream-dreamy ice-icy health - healthy wealth - wealthy wind - windy smell n./v (smelt/ smelled) They were all hungry and the food _ good. I can _something burning in the kitchen. Ple
5、ase throw the _ fish away.smeltsmellsmelly4. the water pipes in some buildings cracked and _.burstburst : to come open or fly apart suddenlyThe balloon suddenly burst.burst into + n. Some robbers burst into that house.They were so moved that they burst into tears.burst out + doing They burst out lau
6、ghing.He burst into laughter.= He burst out laughing.He burst into tears.= He burst out crying.burst into+ n.burst out + doing5. event 名词名词, 意为意为“(重要的、不同寻常重要的、不同寻常 的的)事件事件”。如：。如： Leaving home was a major event in his life. This is one of the most important events in the history of mankind. event 意思还
7、有意思还有“(事先安排好的事先安排好的)演出演出, 赛事赛事, 聚会聚会”, “(体育比赛的体育比赛的)运动项目运动项目”等。如：等。如： The meeting was an important social event. The 800 meters is not his best event.6. It seemed as if the world was at an end. 1) as if as if 在表语从句中相当于在表语从句中相当于that: It seemed as if the meeting would never end. 看起来会议没完没了。看起来会议没完没了。It
8、 seemed as if the world was at an end!= It seemed that the world was at an end! as if 似乎似乎, 好像好像 = as though She spoke to me as if she knew me. 她和我说话的神情她和我说话的神情, 好像她早就好像她早就 认识我似的。认识我似的。2) at an end 意为意为“结束结束”。如：。如：The war was at an end.I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end.end用作名词构成的短
9、语用作名词构成的短语:at the end (of) 在在末尾末尾by the end of 到到为止为止in the end 最后最后, 终于终于come to an end 完结完结at the end of 用于表示具体事物或场所用于表示具体事物或场所的场合的场合, 它也可以用来表示比喻意它也可以用来表示比喻意; by the end of 用于表示时间的场合到用于表示时间的场合到结束的时候结束的时候, 用过去完成时态用过去完成时态; in the end 意思意思“最后、终于最后、终于”。 用用end构成的短语填空。构成的短语填空。The cold weather at last st
10、opped_ March.Our hunt for a cheaper but largerhouse is at last _.If you go on with work, youll succeed _.How many English words had you learned _ last term?at the end ofat an endin the endby the end of7. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. ruin 在此为名词在此为名词, 意为意为“废墟废墟”， 常和介词常和介词in搭配
11、搭配, in ruins意为意为“成废成废 墟墟, 垮掉垮掉, 毁灭毁灭”。如：。如： This earthquake left the whole town in ruins. His future is/lies in ruins.ruin还可作动词还可作动词, 意为意为“毁坏毁坏, 毁掉毁掉”，ruined作形容词时作形容词时, 只用在名词前，只用在名词前，意为意为“毁坏的毁坏的, 破败不堪的破败不堪的”。如：。如：This illness has ruined his life.The rain ruined my painting.When we got there, we saw
12、a ruined castle.damage指部分指部分“损坏损坏”、“损害损害”、“破坏破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词, 也可以用作名词也可以用作名词, 用作名词时常与用作名词时常与to something 连用。如连用。如:The accident did a lot of damage to his car. destroy 只能用作动词只能用作动词,指彻底破坏指彻底破坏, 以致以致不可能修复不可能修复,常作常作“破坏破坏”、“毁灭毁灭”解解,也可以也可以指希望、计划等打破。指希望、计划等打破。The earthquake destroye
13、d almost the whole town. 辨析辨析: damage, ruin, destroyruin则表示破坏严重则表示破坏严重,以致不能修复以致不能修复,但这种但这种破坏不像破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物那样毁灭某物,而是强调致而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作动词时使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作动词时,它作它作 “使毁灭使毁灭”、 “使崩溃使崩溃”、 “弄糟弄糟”解解;用作用作名词时名词时,它表示它表示 “毁灭毁灭”、 “瓦解瓦解”、 “废墟废墟”等等抽象概念。抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用法。也有借喻的用法。The fire ruined the castle.
14、 The house has fallen into ruin. The company is facing ruin. 8. Two-thirds of the people died or were _ during the earthquake.injuredMore than 61% of the surface of the earth _covered by water.Seventy percent of the workers in this factory _ young.isareinjure: to hurt oneself/ sb. / sth. physicallyn
15、. injury adj. injuredthe injured 伤者伤者, 伤员伤员an injured look/expression 委屈的样子委屈的样子/表情表情injured pride/feelings 受到伤害的自尊、受到伤害的自尊、情感情感 如：如：He suffered serious injuries to the arms and legs.Many of the injured are still in a serious condition.Their criticisms _ him deeply.Smoking will _ his health.He was s
16、lightly _ in the car accident.He got _ in the fighting.What you said _ my feeling.have hurtinjureinjuredwoundedhurtCompare: injure;事故中受伤，伤害，损害（名誉，健事故中受伤，伤害，损害（名誉，健康）等康）等 hurt; 伤心，痛苦，感到疼痛伤心，痛苦，感到疼痛 wound 刀伤，枪伤，砍伤，打仗中创伤刀伤，枪伤，砍伤，打仗中创伤9. People were shocked. shock: n. 打击打击; 震惊震惊, 震动震动 vt. 使震惊使震惊, 使惊愕使惊愕
17、 shocking: adj. 使人震惊的使人震惊的The news of his wifes death was a terrible shock to him.You will get a shock if you touch the live wire.（通电的电线）通电的电线）.I was shocked by his rudeness.10. Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping. a number of 几个几个, 若干若干a great/good
18、 number of 许多许多, 大量大量 如：如：A number of students are planting trees on the hillA great number of volunteers are helping those people living in the earthquake-hit area.a number of修饰可数名词的复数修饰可数名词的复数, number 前可用前可用large, small, good, certain, great等修饰词。当它修饰等修饰词。当它修饰主语时主语时, 谓语动词用复数。注意谓语动词用复数。注意:the number
19、 of 意为意为“的数量的数量, 数目数目”, 当它与后面的名词连用时当它与后面的名词连用时, 中心词是中心词是the number, 做主语时谓语用单数。做主语时谓语用单数。用用a number of和和the number of填空。填空。_ students are watching the games on the playground._ trees planted in our village is never under 200 every year.The number ofA number of辨析辨析: a (great) number of; a great deal o
20、f; a lot of; plenty ofa (great) number of 修饰可数名词修饰可数名词, 跟复数形式跟复数形式; a great deal of 修饰不可数名词修饰不可数名词; a lot of 后面既可以加可数名词后面既可以加可数名词, 也可以加不可数名词也可以加不可数名词; plenty of 后面既可以加可数名词后面既可以加可数名词, 也可以加不可数名词。也可以加不可数名词。11. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.trap 1) 做动词做动词 困住困住, 使陷于困
21、境使陷于困境 如如:Dozens of people were trapped in the building when the fire took place.Theres no way out! Were trapped!Julia felt trapped in her role of wife and mother. 诱骗诱骗, 诱使诱使(trap sb into doing sth)”; 夹住夹住, 压扁压扁; 把把储存储存 如如: I was trapped into telling a lie.Take care not to trap your fingers in the d
22、oor.How can you trap the suns heat?2) trap还可作名词还可作名词, 意为意为“圈套圈套; 陷阱；陷阱；计谋计谋”, 构成的常见短语有：构成的常见短语有：set a trap 设置陷阱设置陷阱fall/walk into a trap 落入圈套落入圈套12. People began to _ how long the disaster would last.wonder : v. 1) to have a feeling of surprise2) to be filled with curiosity or doubt.n. one that arou
23、ses astonishment, surprise ; admirationIt is no wonder (that)= No wonder (that)wonder-Tom often works deep into the night every day.-No wonder he always gets first in the examinations.lay a trap for 为为设下圈套设下圈套fall into the trap of doing sth 做某事不明智做某事不明智keep your trap shut不把不把说出去说出去, 不泄密不泄密 如如:She fe
24、lt that marriage was a trap.The police set a trap to catch the thief.Dont fall into the trap of investing all your money in one place.Just keep your trap shut, and we wont get into trouble.13. All hope was not lost.allnot = not all; some but not all Not all the children are left. (= Only some of the
25、m left early.)Not all the children are noisy.(= Some of the children are not noisy.) none of . None of us were allowed to go there.None of these reports is very helpful.None of 后跟物后跟物 谓语用单数；跟人，都可谓语用单数；跟人，都可14. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.dig out 挖掘挖掘; 发现发现bury : A. to place in the ground B. to occupy (oneself) with deep concentration; absorbThe dog buried the bone in the ground.I buried myself in my studies.bury oneself in= be buried in devote oneself to= be devoted to