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1、2022年广东美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)考试真题卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.The nurse is planning care for a client after a tracheostomy. One of the clients goals is to overcome verbal communication impairment. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include
2、in the care plan（）A. Make an effort to read the client’s lips to foster communication.B. Encourage the client’s communication attempts by allowing him time to select or write words.C. Answer questions for the client to reduce his frustration.D. Avoid using a tracheostomy plug because it
3、blocks the airway.2.The nurse in the emergency department is assessing a 64-year-old client experiencing substernal chest pain. The clients electrocardiogram shows evidence of myocardial ischemia. Which statement should indicate to the nurse that the client may be a candidate for thrombolytic therap
4、y（）A. I have had chest pain for 2 days.B. My chest pain started 3 hours ago.C. My chest pain stops when I take a nitroglycerin pill.D. I have had chest pain on and off all week.3.A mother brings her 5-month-old female child to the pediatric clinic. The child has had recurrent middle-ear infections s
5、ince she was 3 months old. Which of the following areas is most important to assess（）A. How well the client eats.B. The client’s weight gain since her last visit.C. Whether the client received all of her prescribed antibiotic at the time of the last infection.D. The client’s temperature.
6、4.A client is admitted with atrial fibrillation. The physician noted a pulse deficit. The pulse deficit measures which of the following（）A. The difference between apical and radial pulse rates.B. The difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures.C. The amount of blood ejected from the le
7、ft ventricle per minute.D. The percentage of blood emptied from the ventricle during contraction.5.A child, age 5, with an IQ of 65 is admitted to the hospital for evaluation. When planning care, the nurse should keep in mind that this child is（）A. within the lower range of normal intelligence.B. mi
8、ldly retarded but educable.C. moderately retarded but trainable.D. completely dependent on others for care.6.Which of the following describes a preterm neonate（）A. A neonate weighing less than 2,500 g (5 lb, 8 oz).B. A low-birth-weight neonate.C. A neonate born at less than 37 weeks’ gestation
9、 regardless of weight.D. A neonate diagnosed with intrauterine growth retardation.7.A client delivered a healthy full-term female neonate 2 hours ago by cesarean delivery. When assessing this client, which finding requires immediate nursing action（）A. Tachycardia and hypotension.B. Gush of vaginal b
10、lood when the client stands up.C. Blood stain 2 (5 cm) in diameter on the abdominal dressing.D. Complaints of abdominal pain.8.The nurse is caring for a client who required chest tube insertion for a pneumothorax. To assess a client for pneumothorax resolution, the nurse can anticipate that hell req
11、uire（）A. monitoring of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2).B. arterial blood gas (ABG) studies.C. chest auscultation.D. a chest X-ray.9.A client has approached the nurse asking for advice on how to deal with his alcohol addiction. The nurse should tell the client that the only effective treatment for
12、alcoholism is（）A. psychotherapy.B. total abstinence.C. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA).D. aversion therapy.10.A school-age child is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of Risk for infection. Which of the following is the most
13、effective way for the nurse to reduce the childs risk of infection（）A. Implementing reverse isolation.B. Maintaining standard precautions.C. Requiring staff and visitors to wear masks.D. Practicing thorough hand washing.11.During a morning assessment, the nurse percusses tympany. The nurse understan
14、ds that tympany is a loud, high-pitched, moderately long sound with a drumlike, musical quality thats most commonly heard over the（）A. heart.B. liver.C. pancreas.D. stomach.12.While assessing a 2-month-old childs airway, the nurse finds that the child isnt breathing. After two unsuccessful attempts
15、to establish an airway, the nurse should（）A. attempt rescue breaths.B. attempt to reposition the airway a third time.C. administer five back blows.D. attempt to ventilate with a handheld resuscitation bag.13.A client with a myocardial infarction (MI) develops pulmonary crackles and dyspnea. A chest
16、X-ray shows evidence of pulmonary edema. The specific type of MI the client had is most probably（）A. anterior.B. posterior.C. lateral.D. inferior.14.A 20-year-old mother of a premature newborn smoked cigarettes during her pregnancy. Her son is a client in a neonatal intensive care unit and has a dia
17、gnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Because the mother is Roman Catholic, which nursing intervention would be most appropriate for the nurse to discuss with her（）A. Baptism of the infant.B. Circumcision of the infant.C. Last rites for the infant.D. Sacraments of the sick for the mother.15
18、.Which of the following activities should a 2-year-old child to be able to do（）A. Build a tower of eight cubes.B. Point out a picture.C. Wash and dry his hands.D. Remove a garment.16.Which of the following would not be an indication of placental detachment（）A. An abrupt lengthening of the cord.B. An
19、 increase in the number of contractions.C. Relaxation of the uterus.D. Increased vaginal bleeding.17.The nurse is teaching a parent how to administer antibiotics at home to a child with acute otitis media. Which statement by the parent indicates that teaching has been successful（）A. I’ll give
20、the antibiotics for the full 10-day course of treatment.B. I’ll give the antibiotics until my child’s ear pain is gone.C. Whenever my child is cranky or pulls on an ear, I’ll give a dose of antibiotics.D. If the ear pain is gone, there’s no need to see the physician for anoth
21、er ear examination.18.A 68-year-old male client has been hospitalized repeatedly for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). During this latest admission, he has refused to participate in his self-care. Every time the nurse approaches him, the client states, I just want to die. Im no good to a
22、nyone anymore. The nurse realizes that hes experiencing（）A. self-actualization.B. confabulation.C. reaction formation.D. grief.19.A client who has discovered a breast lump is tearful and expresses concern over her situation. The best way for the nurse to respond to her is by（）A. encouraging a discus
23、sion of her problems and fears.B. asking her if she would like to talk to the chaplain.C. giving her reassurance.D. recommending a support group.20.A client hospitalized with a pneumothorax has the following arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis: pH, 7.19; partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (Pa
24、CO2), 63 mmHg; and,22 mEq/L. A chest tube was inserted and oxygen administered at 4 L/min by nasal cannula. One hour after the initiation of treatment, ABG analysis reveals: pH, 7.28; PaCO2, 52 mmHg; and ,22 mEq/L. This change in ABG analysis indicates（）A. respiratory alkalosis.B. impending respirat
25、ory arrest.C. the need for intubation.D. improved respiratory status.21.The physician orders supplemental oxygen for a client with a respiratory problem. To provide the highest possible oxygen concentration, the nurse expects to use which oxygen delivery deviceA. Nasal cannula. B. Venturi mask. C. P
26、artial rebreathing mask. D. Nonrebreathing mask. 22.A client has sustained a right tibial fracture and has just had a cast applied. Which instruction should the nurse provide in his cast care（）A. Cover the cast with a blanket until the cast dries.B. Keep your right leg elevated above heart level.C.
27、Use a knitting needle to scratch itches inside the cast.D. A foul smell from the cast is normal.23.A client, now 37 weeks pregnant, calls the clinic because shes concerned about being short of breath and is unable to sleep unless she places three pillows under her head. After listening to her concer
28、ns, the nurse should take which action（）A. Make an appointment because the client needs to be evaluated.B. Explain that these are expected problems for the latter stages of pregnancy.C. Arrange for the client to be admitted to the birth center for delivery.D. Tell the client to go to the hospital; s
29、he may be experiencing signs of heart failure from a 45% to 50% increase in blood volume.24.After assessing a newly admitted 5-year-old child, the nurse makes the nursing diagnosis of Parental role conflict related to childs hospitalization. Which defining characteristic would most suggest this diag
30、nosis（）A. Supportive child-parent interaction (speaking, listening, touching, and eye-to-eye contact).B. Parents’ active participation in child’s physical or emotional care.C. Parents’ failure to use available support systems or agencies to assist in coping.D. Evidence of adaptatio
31、n to parental role changes.25.A 32-year-old black man is admitted to the hospital in vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis. He complains of chest pain, shortness of breath, severe myalgia, and arthralgia. Which of the following may be effective in relieving the clients joint pain（）A. Applying ice packs
32、to the joints.B. Performing active resistive range-of-motion exercises.C. Applying warm compresses to the joints.D. Applying transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS).26.An 18-month-old child is brought to the emergency department with suspected croup. The child appears frightened and cries
33、 as the nurse approaches him. The nurse needs to assess the childs breath sounds. The best way to approach the child is to（）A. expose the childs chest quickly and auscultate breath sounds as quickly and efficiently as possible. B. ask the mother to wait briefly outside until the assessment is over.
34、C. tell the child the nurse is going to listen to his chest with the stethoscope. D. allow the child to handle the stethoscope before listening to his lungs. 27.When planning care for a 7-year-old boy with Down syndrome, the nurse shouldA. plan interventions at the developmental level of a 7-year-ol
35、d child because that is the childs age. B. plan interventions at the developmental level of a 5-year-old because the child will have developmental delays. C. assess the childs current developmental level and plan care accordingly. D. direct all teaching to the parents because the child cant understa
36、nd. 28.A client is scheduled to have a descending colostomy. Hes very anxious and has many questions concerning the surgical procedure, care of a stoma, and lifestyle changes. It would be most appropriate for the nurse to make a referral to which member of the health care team（）A. Social worker.B. R
37、egistered dietitian.C. Occupational therapist.D. Enterostomal nurse therapist.29.A client with pneumonia is receiving supplemental oxygen, 2 L/minute via nasal cannuta. The clients history includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and coronary artery disease. Because of these findings, t
38、he nurse closely monitors the oxygen flow and the clients respiratory status. Which complication may arise if the client receives a high oxygen concentrationA. Apnea.B. Anginal pain.C. Respiratory alkalosis.D. Metabolic acidosis.30.A 70-year-old client with a diagnosis of left-sided cerebrovaseular
39、accident is admitted to the facility. To prevent the development of disuse osteoporosis, which of the following objectives is most appropriate（）A. Maintaining protein levels.B. Maintaining vitamin levels.C. Promoting weight-bearing exercises.D. Promoting range-of-motion (ROM) exercises.31.When carin
40、g for a client with a 3-cm stage 1 pressure ulcer on the coccyx, which of the following actions can the nurse institute independently（）A. Using a povidone-iodine wash on the ulceration three times per day.B. Using a normal saline solution and applying a protective dressing as necessary.C. Applying a
41、n antibiotic cream to the area three times per day.D. Massaging the area with an astringent every 2 hours.32.The physician prescribes amoxicillin suspension 100 mg every 8 hours for a child who weighs 33 lb (15 kg). The drug is supplied in a bottle labeled 250 rag/teaspoon (1mL=50 mg). How many mill
42、iliters should the nurse administer（）A. 2 mL.B. 2.5 mL.C. 5 mL.D. 7.5 mL.33.A client reports substernal chest pain. Test results show electrocardiograph changes and an elevated cardiac troponin level. Which of the following should be the focus of nursing care（）A. Improving myocardial oxygenation and
43、 reducing cardiac workload.B. Confirming a suspected diagnosis and preventing complications.C. Reducing anxiety and relieving pain.D. Eliminating stressors and providing a nondemanding environment.34.A term neonates mother is O-negative, and cord studies indicate that the neonate is A-positive. Whic
44、h of the following would be least likely if the neonate developed neonate hemolytic disease（）A. Lethargy or irritability.B. Poor feeding patterns including vomiting.C. Weight loss greater than 10%.D. Signs of kernicterus.35.What is the nurses most important role in caring for a client with a mental
45、health disorderA. To offer advice.B. To know how to solve the clients problems.C. To establish trust and rapport.D. To set limits with the client.36.A 28-year-old nurse has complaints of itching and a rash of both hands. Contact dermatitis is initially suspected. The diagnosis is confirmed if the ra
46、sh appears（）A. erythematous with raised papules.B. dry and scaly with flaking skin.C. inflamed with weeping and crusting lesions.D. excoriated with multiple fissures.37.When caring for a client who has recently delivered, the nurse assesses the client for urinary retention with overflow. Which of th
47、e following provides the most accurate picture of retention with overflow（）A. Frequent trips to the bathroom with an average output of 200 to 300 mL per void.B. Intense urge to urinate with an average output of 250 mL.C. A varying urge to urinate with an average output of 100 mL.D. Uterus displaced
48、to the right with increased vaginal bleeding.38.Which of the following is not a contributing factor to unstable blood sugars in the neonateA. Prematurity. B. Respiratory distress. C. Postdated infant. D. Cesarean delivery. 39.Otorrhea and rhinorrhea are most commonly seen with which type of skull fracture（）A. Basilar.B. Temporal