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1、 Narrative, story, and plot are the basic terms used when analyzing the narrative structure （叙事结构）of a film. Although they are sometimes used interchangeably(可交换的)，they also have more precise meanings that can help us to draw some useful distinction. David Bordwell and Krisin Thomas in Film ArtAn In
2、troduction电影艺术入门)define them as follows:Narrative （storyline) A chain of events in (因果关系)occurring in time and space.Story All the events that we see and hear, plus all those that we to have occurred, arranged in their causal relations, chronological order, duration, frequency and spatial locations.
3、 Plot All the events that are to us, including their causal relations, chronological order, duration, frequency, and spatial locations.Narrative （storyline) A teenager boy named Pi lost his family in shipwreck and drift on Pacific Ocean for 227 daysStory The second story or “your story of Pi”Plot A
4、young man who survives a disaster at sea is hurtled into an epic journey of adventure and discovery. While cast away, he forms an unexpected connection with another survivor: a fearsome Bengal tiger.(From IMDB）-the first storyThe key distinction is that between story and plot: Story is the viewers o
5、f all the events in the narrativewhether presented to us or notwhile plot is the films actual presentation of certain events in the narrative.Writers such as Rory Johnston have argued that there are a limited number of stories that form the basis for all fictional narratives. These stories have been
6、 named as follows. *They can occur or * These story categories should be interpreted quite AchillesCandidCinderellaCirceFaust阿喀琉斯康迪德灰姑娘喀耳刻浮士德OrpheusRomeo and Juliet Tristanthe Wandering Jew俄尔普斯罗密欧与朱丽叶特里斯坦 流浪的犹太人 The “Achilles” story is the story of the seemingly invulnerable(不会受伤的，无懈可击的)hero with a
7、fatal flaw. Classical tragedy is usually a variant of the Achilles story. Achilles was a Greek hero and greatest warriorof the Trojan War .Later legends state that Achilles was invulnerable in all of his body except for his heel. Because of his death from a small wound in the heel, the term Achilles
8、 heel has come to mean a persons point of weakness.SupermanSuperman Fatal Flaw: kryptonite氪气石 concern with the people he loves and cares1. A flawless hero?2. Fatal flaws of human beingsGreedJealousySluggishnessPrejudiceArrogance The story of the innocent abroad ,the natively optimistic hero who triu
9、mphs contrary to all expectationsMr. Beans Holiday (2007)Mr. Bean wins a trip to Cannes where he unwittingly separates a young boy from his father and must help the two come back together. On the way he discovers France, bicycling, and true love, among other things.English Vinglish 印式英语(2012)The sto
10、ry of a quiet, sweet tempered housewife who endures small slights from her well educated husband and daughter everyday because of her inability to speak and understand English. She is resourceful and open-minded but somehow these traits dont get noticed by them. Then one day on a trip to visit her s
11、ister in Manhattan she decides to enroll in an English Learners class and meets a host of new people who teach her to value herself beyond the narrow perspective of her family.Forrest Forrest Gump Gump （19941994）The story of the “dream comes true ”:Goodness and virtue are despised（轻视） at the beginni
12、ng but recognized at last. The protagonist of the Cinderella story usually begins in a lowly position but, through his good nature, convinces all doubters(怀疑者)and is rewarded. Zootopia Zootopia （20162016）1950200220072015My fair lady My fair lady (1964) (1964) The Princess Diaries (2001) The Princess
13、 Diaries (2001) Pretty woman (1990) Pretty woman (1990) The Pursuit of Happyness The Pursuit of Happyness (2006)(2006)QuestionQuestion：Is Great Gatsby a Cinderella story? The “chase” story in which an innocent victim is pursued by the villain, until the villain is defeated by the potential victim. O
14、ften this story takes the form of the temptress(诱惑男人的女性）ensnaring(诱捕)the love-struck(被爱情冲昏了头的)male; it has often been vividly described as “the spider and the fly”. It is the basis of horror films,thrillers, and film noir(黑色电影).Victim V.S. VillainWho is the spider？Spider V.S. FlyFatal attraction (19
15、87)Happily married New York lawyer Dan has an affair with his colleague Alex, and the two enjoy a love weekend while Dans wife and kid are away. But Alex will not let go of him, and she will stop at nothing to have him for herself. Just how far will she go to get what she wants?(from IMDB)Gone girl
16、(2004)With his wifes disappearance having become the focus of an intense media circus, a man sees the spotlight turned on him when its suspected that he may not be innocent.Black Coal，Thin Ice (2014)An ex cop and his ex partner decide to follow up on investigation of a series of murders that ended t
17、heir careers and shamed them, when identical murders begin again. The story of an individual who sells his soul to the devil, enjoys a brief period of power and prosperity, but eventually is called upon to repay the debt. The Faust story can also take the form of the dark secret that can never be co
18、mpletely suppressed, or the personal history that cannot be evaded. The devil is not usually a literal devil but a metaphorical(隐喻的)onei.e. money, success, power or fame.Ghost Rider (2011)When the motorcyclist Johnny Blaze finds that his father Barton Blaze has a terminal cancer, he accepts an agree
19、ment with the Devil, But the devil deceives him, and Barton dies in a motorcycle accident during an exhibition. The devil proposes Johnny to release his contract if he become the Ghost Rider and defeat his evil son Blackheart, who wants to possess one thousand evil souls and transform hell on earthT
20、he Great Gatsby (2013)Bootlegger in Prohibition Era The classic “star-crossed lovers(命运不佳的情侣)” story in which a major obstacle stands in the way of (阻挠）true love. The love triangle: A man loves a woman, but one of them is already involved with someone (or something) else. The “third party” in the re
21、lationship is usually a person, but it may be something more abstract (e.g. a cause, a mission, a destiny). JayGatsbyJayGatsby DaisyDaisyThe Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby (2013)(2013)Nick JackJack RoseRoseSinking-ship/Accident Titanic (1997)Titanic (1997) A N DRomeoRomeo Juliet Juliet Romeo and Juli
22、et (1996)Romeo and Juliet (1996) A N DSamSam Molly Molly Ghost (1990)Ghost (1990) A N DWillWillViola Viola Shakespeare in Love(1998Shakespeare in Love(1998) A N DRoyRoy Myra Myra Waterloo Bridge Waterloo Bridge (1940)(1940) T I M E Benjamin Benjamin DaisyDaisy The Curious Case The Curious Case of Be
23、njamin Button of Benjamin Button （20082008） JackJack EnnisEnnissocial and psychological restraints Brokeback Brokeback MountainMountain （2005)2005) RoutineTedTedKramerKramer JoannaKramJoannaKramererKramer vs. Kramer Kramer vs. Kramer (1979) The story of the gift that is taken away. The gift could be
24、 something personal, a loved one, an ability of some kind, everything valuable in life, or even life itself. The story can focus on the tragedy of the loss itself or the search that follows the loss. The “Wandering Jew” is the story of the persecuted （迫害 ）or alienated traveler who will never return
25、home.，broadly refer to the story of an individual who is alienated from his society and can never properly reintegrate.The Basic StoriesThe Basic StoriesLife of Pi (2013)Life of Pi (2013)12 years a slave (2013)In the pre-Civil War United States,Solomon Northup, a free black man from upstate New York
26、, is abducted and sold into slavery. Facing cruelty as well as unexpected kindnesses, Solomon struggles not only to stay alive, but to retain his dignityDistrict 9 (2009)Philadelphia(1993)A.I (2001)Dream of the Red MansionsLifetimes/living (1994)Farewell My Concubine 1993*They can occur alone or in
27、combination* These story categories should be interpreted quite loosely.AchillesCandidCinderellaCirceFaust阿喀琉斯康迪德灰姑娘喀耳刻浮士德Romeo and Juliet Tristan Orpheusthe Wandering Jew罗密欧与朱丽叶特里斯坦俄尔普斯流浪的犹太人HomeworkHomework1. Give another 3 examples of each basic story;2. Analyze basic story of 10 films on the film list (one story or a combination) and explain why;3. self-study: requirement and format of scriptwriting4. Analyze the directing style of your favorite director(group work)4.1 Subject Matter (Genre)4.2 Cinematography4.3 Editing4.4 Casting and Acting Performances