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1、新概念英语第二册Lesson5458课文注释新概念英语其次册Lesson54课文注释 1.The children were at school, my husband was at work孩子们在上学，我丈夫在上班 school和work前都没加冠词，因为不是指详细那个学校或详细干什么工作，只是泛指他们在干什么。 2.at exactly that moment, 恰恰在此时。 exactly用于加强语气，表示“正”、“恰恰”： That's exactly what I wanted to tell you. 那正是我想要告知你的。 3.Nothing could have be
2、en more annoying.没有什么能比这更烦人了。 用这个句型可以表达很多感情，换一下最终的形容词即可： Nothing could have been more exciting/ interesting/ embarrassing. 没有什么能比这更激烈人心/好玩/令人尴尬的了。 4.It took me ten minutes to persuade her to ring back later. 我用了10分钟的时间才劝服她过会儿再来电话。 (1)it为先行主语，代指to persuade引导的不定式短语。 (2)表示劝服某人做某事时，可以用persuade+sb.+to do
3、 sth.这个结构： I persuaded him to give up that plan. 我劝他放弃那项安排。也可以用persuade+sb. +into doing sth. 这个结构： I persuaded him into giving up that plan. (译文同上) (3)later可以表示“过后”、“以后”： Ten minutes later, the bus arrived. 10分钟以后，公共汽车来了。 Please come back later(on). 请过会儿再来。 5.What a mess! 真是糟糕透了! 在口语中，a mess可以用来指“逆境
4、”、“窘境”、“一团糟”等含义： I made a mess of my exam. 我考试考得一团糟。 Make some jam if you want to, but don't make a mess in the kitchen. 你假如情愿就做些果酱，不过别把厨房弄得一团糟。 6.I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the doorbell rang loud enough to wake the dead.我刚回到厨房，门铃又响了起来，响声足以把死人唤醒。 (1)连词no soonerthan(刚就)用于过去完成时。(
5、cf.第38课语法) (2)enough作副词用在形容词或副词之后，有“足以”的含义： The water in the pool is warm enough (to swim in). 池里的水够温煦的(，可以游泳)。 新概念英语其次册Lesson55课文注释 1 .Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently.最近，找到失踌宝旅的幻想差一点儿变成现实。 come true为固定短语，表示“(预言、期望等)成为事实”、“(愿望)实现”: His dream to travel around the world at la
6、st came true. 他周游世界的幻想最终实现了。 2 .The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it.海盗们过去常把金子埋截在那个洞里.但后来却没能取走。 (1)would在这里不表示过去将来时，而表示过去的习惯性动作，它后面跟动词原形(bury和fail)( cf本课语法) (2)fail to do sth表示“未能”、“不能”或“遗忘”做某事: Don't fail to write to us. 别遗忘给我们写信。 He failed to see the reason
7、 why they sent him away. 他不了解他们把他打发走的缘由。 (3)collect的含义之一为“(去)取”、“接”: I'll collect my post on my way home. 我将在回家时顺路取我的邮件。 Don't fail to collect me before you go to the party. 去参与晚会之前别忘了接我。 3. Armed with the new machine用这种新机器装备起来. arm(ed) with可以表示“带着”、“装着”、“穿着”等: Don't worry.I'm armed
8、with an umbrella. 别担忧，我带着伞呢。 You'd better arm yourself with a warm coat. 你穿件温煦的外衣。 4. the entrance to the cave，洞口。 entrance可以表示“入口”、“大门”等; I can't find the entrance to the park. 我找不到公园的入口。 Is this the entrance of the park/your school? 这是公园/你们学校的大门吗? 5.Very excited,the party dug a hole two fe
9、et deep.队员们异样激烈，就地挖了一个两英尺深的坑。 (1)与armed with引导的短语相像，very excited也是过去分词(短语)作状语，表示主语所处的状态: very worried about his child,he phoned the police. 他为他的孩子特别担忧，(便)给警察局打了电话。 (2)deep在表示“有.深”时要位于数字之后: We have a swimming pool six feet deep. 我们有一个深6英尺的游泳池。 6. .The Revealer may reveal something of value fairly soo
10、n. “探宝器”很快就会探出值钱的东西来。 of 表示其所修饰的名词具有某种性质、状况: The news is of great importance to us. 这消息对我们特别重要。 Tom is a boy of sixteen. 汤姆是个16岁的男孩。 新概念英语其次册Lesson56课文注释 1. once a year,每年一次。 once+表示时间的名词可以表示“每.一次”: The postman calls once a day. 邮递员每天来一次。 2. A lot of cars entered for this race last year.去年有许多汽车参与了这项
11、竞赛. enter for表示报名参与。(cf.第8课词汇学习) 3. Built in 1885,it was the oldest car taking part.该车造于1885年，是参赛车中.老的一辆。 built引导的过去分词短语起状语的作用，说明动作发生的背景或状况。主句可以补全为it was the oldest car taking part in the race. 4. Many of the cars broke down on the conrse许多汽车在途中就抛了锚 break down为固定短语，其含义之一是“(机械等)出故障”、“出毛病”: This morni
12、ng I was late for work,beceuse my car broke down twice. 今日上午我上班迟到了，因为我的车坏了两次。 5. The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an hour-much faster than any of its rivals.获胜的那辆车达到了时速40英里远远超过任何对手。 (1) winning为现在分词作定语: Those of the winning team jumped happily. 获胜队的队员们兴奋地跳着。 (2)表示速度为多少时可用a speed of+数量词
13、这个结构: You must have been driving at a speed of seventy miles an hour. 你刚才肯定是以每小时70英里的速度在开车。 (3)破折号后面的部分补充说明这个速度。much是用得较多的与比较级连用的修饰语: House are much more expensive these days. 如今的房价贵多了。 6. It sped downhill at the end of the race and its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it.它在接近终点时。冲下了山坡，驾驶员
14、费了好大劲才把车停下来。 (1)speed作不及物动词时可以表示“疾驶”、“急行”等含义: The police car sped past us. 警车从我们身边疾驶而过。 The two men sped out of the room. 那两个人快步走出了房间。 (2)表示“在.的末尾/最终部分”时可以用at the end of这个短语: I'll return the books to you at the end of the week/mouth. 我周/月末时把书还给你。 He spoke a few words at the end of the meeting. 会
15、议结束时他说了几句话。 (3)表示“做某事遇到麻烦/困难”时可以用have trouble doing sth: They had some trouble finding out the cause of the fire. 他们在查找起火缘由时遇到了一些困难。 新概念英语其次册Lesson57课文注释 1.The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed.接待她的售货员不喜爱她的那副装扮。 the way在这里表示“方式”、“样式”，she was dressed为关系从句，修饰the way。dress表示
16、“穿着”、“装扮”时常用被动语态： Why is your aunt dressed in black? 你姑姑为什么穿黑色衣服? 2.he told her that the dress was sold.告知她那件衣服已经卖出去了。 被动语态在这里含有动作已经完成的意忠，即表示目前的状态。 3.She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other.第2天上午，她又来到这家商店，穿了一件裘
17、皮外套，一只手拎着一只手提包，另一只手拿着一把长柄伞。 dressed引导的过去分词短语作状语，表示伴随状态。它也可以变换位置，放在句首，其意义不变：Dressed in a fur coat, she returnedwith带有两个宾语：handbag和unbrella。with引导的介词短语也作状语，表示伴随状态： He walked in the park with a dog behind him. 他在公园里漫步，身后跟了一条狗。 4.After seeking out the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress. 找到那个无礼
18、的售货员后，她还要看昨天的那件衣服。 (1)现在分词结构代替时间状语从句后，保留了连词after。类似的状况如： Since phoning you this morning, I've changed my plans. 自从今日早上给你打了电话以后，我已变更了安排。 While trying to open the bottle, I cut my hand. 在试图打开瓶子时，我划破了手。 (2)seek out为固定短语，表示“找出”、“搜寻出”： He sought out the thief in the crowd. 他在人群中找出了那个小偷。 Seek him out
19、quickly. I want to speak to him. 快把他找出来。我想和他谈一谈。 (3)ask for表示“要”、“要求”： I asked for a cup of coffee, but you gave me a cup of tea. 我要的是一杯咖啡，但你却给了我一杯茶。 5.Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time. 那个售货员没有认出她是谁，这一回接待她的看法特别殷勤。 (1)现在分词短语代替一个分句位于句首时，其否定形式是在它前面加上not, without
20、或never等否定词。这些词有时可互换，有时则不行： Not/Without/Never hesitating for a moment, he ran after the thief. 他没有一丝迟疑便追逐那小偷。 Not being able to open the door, I asked my neighbour for help. 由于开不了门，我便向邻居求援。 (2)像eager, glad, pleased, sorry等描述感觉的形容词作表语时后面往往跟不定式： They are all eager to come. 他们都急于来。 I'm pleased to wo
21、rk with you. 我很兴奋能与你一起工作。 6.With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress. 费了好大劲儿，他爬进橱窗去取那件衣服。 with在这里表示行为方式： With care, she put the vase on the shelf. 她当心翼翼地把花瓶放在架子上。 He lifted the box with ease/difficulty. 他很轻松地/费劲地举起那箱子。 7.She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring a
22、lmost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.她快乐地迫使那位售货员把橱窗里几乎全部的东西都拿了出来，最终才买下了她最先要看的那一件。 (1)enjoy oneself doing sth.表示“从中得到乐趣”： He enjoyed himself making the dog run after beggars. 他让那条狗追逐乞丐，并从中取乐。 (2)make后面的动词不定式不加to(cf.本课词汇学习) (3)代替时间状语从句的现在分词短语带有连词before
23、。 新概念英语其次册Lesson58课文注释 1.The tiny village of Frinley is said to possess acursed tree.据说弗林利这个小村里有一棵“该诅咒的树”。 (1)主语+ be said+这种结构通常译为“据说”是对不太有把握的事发表看法时一种谨慎的说法。(cf.本课语法) (2)of在这里表示同位关系，如 the city of London/New York(伦 敦/纽约市);at the age of twenty(20岁时); a height of three feet(3英尺的高度)。 2.the number of visi
24、tors to Frinley has now increased.现在来弗林利参观的人越来越多。 the number of表示“的数量/总数”，它作主语时谓语动词要用单数，虽然visitors是复数。留意它与a number of(很多，若干)的区分： The number of patients in this hospital has increased. 这家医院的病人越来越多。 A number of patients have asked to see you. 很多病人要求见您。(动词用复数形式) 3.it is only in recent years that it has
25、 gained an evil reputation.只是近几年才得到了一个坏名声。 句中的 it isthat是个强调句型。假如我们想要强调某个词或某个短语，我们可以用 it is/was+被强调的成分+that/ who(m)结构。这样组成的句子叫分裂句，因为it结构把一个简洁句劈开，使其分裂成两个分句。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语、状语等。课文中这句话强 调的是时间状语。从简洁句到强调句改变如下： Frank phoned Jack last night. 弗兰克昨晚给杰克打了电话。(简洁句，没有强调什么) It was Frank who phoned Jack last night.
26、 是弗兰克昨晚给杰克打了电话。(强调是弗兰克而不是别人打的电话) It was Jack who (m) Frank phoned last night. 是杰克昨晚接到弗兰克打来的电话。(强调电话是打给杰克而不是打给别人) It was last night that Frank phoned Jack. 是昨天晚上弗兰克给杰克打了电话。(强调是昨天晚上而不是其他时间) 4.It is said that if anyone touches the tree, he will have bad luck; if be picks a leaf, he will die.据说，谁要是触摸了这棵
27、树，谁就会交上恶运;假如谁摘了一片树叶，谁就会死去。 it是这个句子的先行主语，其真正主语是that引导的两个条件句(都是第1类条件句)，这两个条件句在结构上一样。 5.the tree has already claimed a number of victims.此树已经害了不少人。 claim可以表示疾病、意外等“夺去(生命)”： The accident claimed a few lives. 那次事故夺走了几条人命。 6.The vicar has been asked to have the tree cut down, but so far he has refused.人们曾
28、恳求教区的牧师叫人把树砍掉，但他直到现在也没有同意。 (1)在 to have the tree cut down这个短语中， have表示“使”，即叫别人完成某动作，cut down为过去分词短语。(cf.第66课语法) (2)so far为固定短语，其含义之一为“迄今为止”，常与现在完成时连用： He hasn't returned my books so far. 迄今为止他还没有还我的书。 7.point out，指出。 这个短语可分开用： I realized that he had made a mistake, so I pointed it out to him imm
29、ediately。 我意识到他犯了个错误，所以我马上就向他指了出来。 He pointed out that it was a mistake not to help them. 他指出不帮助他们是错误的。 8.in spite of,尽管，虽然;不顾，不管。 He set off in spite of the heavy rain. 尽管下着大雨，他还是动身了。 In spite of what you have told me, I still believe(that) he has stolen the money. 虽然你对我说了这些，我还是认为他偷了那笔钱。 9.So far,
30、not one of them has been struck down by sudden death! 然而到目前为止，还没有一个人暴死呢! (1)not one of them表示“一个人也没有”其语气比none of them或 no one要强。 (2)strike down为固定短语，在这里表示“使生重病”、“杀死”(通常用被动语态)： Many people were struck down in that war. 很多人在那场斗争中死去了。 He was struck down by cancer last year. 他去年死于癌症。 新概念英语其次册Lesson54课文注释