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1、2020备战考研的心得备战考研的心得1 20_年的考研越来越近了!信任会有不少的同学会把考研政治放在最终复习，诚然就我个人而言，这是一个比较明智的做法。考研政治不同于考研数学、考研英语、考研专业课，数学和专业课主要是靠理解，各种公式、模型的解读，理解，延长，假如没有吃的比较透，基本上题目都看不懂。而考研英语则是一个积累的过程，英语基本上是很难在短时间内提高的，那么就剩下政治了!尽管政治也须要理解，但更多的是联想记忆，靠记忆的政治就成为了最有可能用超短时间达到预期效果的科目了!当然假如时间够那就不用搞什么考验突击了，堂堂正正的A过去就行了! 考研政治突击诀窍一：好的心态使备考事半功倍 大家在最终
2、的备考阶段，简单进入瓶颈期，此阶段的答题正确率和备考效率都会有倒退，因此心情会受到干脆的影响，事实上，这个是每个人都会遇到的问题，关键就在于你能不能正确的处理与调整，因此，大家要切记，保持主动乐观的心态。 考研政治突击诀窍二：以点带面、重点突击 此时的基础学问复习就不适合广撒网了，大家可以依据一些预料题或者时事政治热点来备考相关的内容，另外，我们练习真题的过程，就是一个查漏补缺的过程，遇到感觉薄弱的部分就可以进行重点记忆!通过某个点来牵扯出一大片的内容! 考研政治突击诀窍三：真题与预料题 大家在这阶段进入乏累期，不情愿再用大段的时间去做整套的模拟题或者真题，比较钟爱于预料题，其实，这种做法是很
3、担心全的，做预料题会增加你的侥幸心理，侥幸心理的扩大会使得你没有心思去仔细复习把希望寄予在侥幸上，更重要的是它会让你毫无信念!当然，以模拟真实考试环境的方式答题，其必要性众所周知，一是查漏补缺，二是把握做题时间，提前熟识环境;另外，预料题是考生该关注的重点，但不是全部。 考研政治突击诀窍四：时事政治热点 大纲规定时政只考查6分，4道选择题(2道单选、2道多选)。但是通过分析历年真题可以发觉，时政贯穿于考研政治各个科目之中，所考查的分数远远超过6分。另外紧抓一些热点时政也有利于我们在解答分析题时联系实际，有话可说。另外时政也是这阶段较简单提分的部分，因此多费点功夫是有所值的。 备战考研的心得2
4、又是一年高校生毕业的季节，大家都有着落了吗?高校毕业出路不外乎考研、考公务员、进国企、进私企、进外企、出国留学、自主创业这几种方式，那么，这几种方式各有什么利弊呢?下面我们将一一分析。在做确定之前，理性地分析利弊，再细致思索自己究竟想要什么样的生活，是很多职场人士常用方法，供同学们参考。 1.考研 利:延缓就业压力,推迟就业期的到来;有些城市,有些学校能给探讨所解决户口的问题提高自身学历,增加竞争力;国家出台了新的探讨所扩招政策,考研相对简单,能够拿到更高的文凭;学术上有创见,可以沿着这个方向始终努力,毕业后获得稳定的工作. 弊:探讨生毕业后,毕业压力仍在,而且有了更为年轻的竞争者,压力越加沉
5、重;读研期间,不肯定能学到对自身职业有用处的学问,可能会白白奢侈了积累阅历的时间;探讨会生扩招,会出现和高校扩招相同的结果-探讨所学历肯定程度上贬值,或许毕业后只有一个选择-考博.探讨生毕业或博士毕业后年龄偏大,失去年龄优势,特殊是女生,要面临更多的年龄卑视.学术探讨,层次越高,就业面就越窄,毕业后,面对更加激烈的竞争,此时却已很难放弃本专业。 建议:假如对某个专业,某种学问有无法遏制的酷爱和相应的探讨实力,要不奢侈自己的爱好和天才,接着深造,终有一天会有建树.但假如考研只是为了规避和缓解就业压力,建议不要考研,探讨生毕业后压力只增不减,而且可能会使你丢失积累阅历的机会,试想,2,3年内,你将
6、与多少机会失之交臂. 年龄有时候是一种优势,因为年轻,有犯错误的时候也会有改正错误的机会,一旦年纪大了才起先接触社会,这些机会就会相应削减,试想,一个二十几岁的高校生犯了错误,单位会念在他年纪小,赐予宽恕;但一个将近三十岁的人犯同样的错误,会让人惊诧甚至认为不行宽恕,善用年龄优势就是为自己留下余地. 2.公务员 利：稳定的收入和生活，有良好的保障;公务员收入不是最高，但福利极好;有肯定的社会地位及相应的权限;职业轨迹确定，工作没有太大的浮动性;国家机构员工，本身带有荣誉性质。 弊：工作相对枯燥，忙起来极忙，闲起来极闲;考试没完没了，升职总与考试、考核挂钩;有些机关人际关系困难;收入稳定，但没有
7、大幅提高的可能，只能保持平均水准;坐在清水衙门、没有晋升可能的人，简单很没成就感。 建议：有志从政的人、有权利欲望的人、真心想变更国计民生状况的人、想要一个稳定工作的人都可以选择考公务员，公务员这个工作，假如心境淡泊，没有野心，不失为不错的选择，能够保证安定的生活和足够的个人时间;假如想要升职，则要有长期奋斗(至少15年)的决心和高超的人际头脑，否则不太简单出头。 3.国企(或事业单位) 利:稳定的收入,良好的福利保障;有国家做后盾，平安系数高; 国企注意员工素养,要求员工为人处事遵循肯定规则,可以学到不少东西;有些行业工作相对安逸，心理压力相对较低;国企熬炼人,能够形成良好的就业观。 弊:入
8、门难,不简单进入;有的论资排辈,想要出人头地一般须要多年的奋斗;人际关系较困难;中西部的国企,大多待遇一般。 建议:国企人际关系困难，初入其中的高校毕业生或许会摸不到门路，而按资排辈的现实更让不接地气的高校生心生不服，当然，国企也正在克服上述弱点。 4.私企 利:能够发挥实力，发展空间较大;能够很快学到好用的学问;私企工作不单调，须要一职多能，无形中提高了自己的实力;劳有所得，私企老板会根据你的贡献确定你的待遇，形成良性循环;自由性大，升职、积累阅历相对更快，想跳槽也简单. 弊:风险较大，比如经济危机到来，私企一批批倒台;有的公司不能保证福利;企业人文环境参差不齐，有些极好，有些极差; 竞争相
9、对激烈，工作环境不稳定，下岗可能性大;有些制度不合理，吃亏也只能忍着 建议:许多毕业生情愿选择私企，认为私企的门槛较低，更易积累阅历。但是，不要形成“干脆进入私企”的意识，私企的素养参差不齐，毕业生缺乏阅历，很简单被第一份工作定型，错误的观念和不良的职场习惯会限制你的发展。同时，私企同样有广袤的发展空间，不会束缚才能。对私企，应慎重考虑。 5.外企 利：高薪，福利好，工作环境好;外企有系统的企业文化、管理制度，能够学到更多的东西;强调特性和创建性，有利于培育实力，也有利于搭建自己的人脉;注意员工发展，赐予员工诸多培训;实力雄厚，不会出现拖欠工资、罔顾员工权利等 现象。 弊：起点高，发展空间不大
10、;工作量大，加班加到吐血;竞争激烈，神经随时紧绷;打入核心机构难上加难，可能性特别小;对外语有很高要求; 建议：外企的高薪高酬是许多毕业生追求的目标，进入外企，感受成熟的企业环境和管理系统，有利于毕业生学到更多的东西，不论是个人实力、行业观念、企业文化意识。外企能够全方位地充溢员工的头脑。但是，外企竞争激烈，职位也只能到肯定级别，有些聪慧人会进入外企学习先进的管理阅历和技术，然后自己创业。 6.留学 利：增长见闻，开拓视野，成为一个有见识的人;驾驭一门外语，受益终身;磨练自己的生存实力，培育自己的吃苦精神，学习外国人的优秀之处;好的学校，好的专业，能够学到真正的学问，拿到过硬的文凭;有机会进入
11、外国公司或者移民。 弊：出国留学须要大笔金钱，投资不肯定有相应回报;国外消费水平高，或许你常会感到入不敷出;有些国家排他性强，你无法真正融入同学之中;外国的经济危机闹得厉害，工作机会更少;假如没有学到真正的学问，会白白奢侈几年光阴和大笔金钱。 建议：年轻的时候有机会多见见世面，是件好事。假如有条件出国留学，不妨出去。但是，假如没有好的学校或者好的专业，大可不必出国镀金，把同样的资金用来创业或投资意义更大。 7.创业 利：不必为人打工，自己的事业自己做主;全方位熬炼人的实力; 最大限度激发人的潜质; 培育系统性的思维实力; 创业胜利的成就感无可取代。 弊：目前中国的创业环境并不健全，须要一笔较大
12、开支，须要长远目光和周密规划;毕业生社会阅历少，缺乏实践阅历，过于乐观，简单碰壁，创业失败会感觉打击巨大。 建议：高校毕业生想要胜利创业，不只须要远大的志向，还要有激情、行动力、领导实力、商业信用和超强的适应性，毕业生不论是心智、视察市场的眼光、领导气质都还有肯定欠缺。想创业的人无需急于一时，进一家好公司，积累了丰富的阅历和人脉，再辞职创业更为妥当，胜利率也更高。 8.自由职业 利：充分发挥自己的才能爱好，时间自由、充裕;能够全面支配自己的生活;挑战性高，生活不易枯燥;根据自己的志向生活，心灵充溢。 弊：没有稳定收入，必需自己留意社保和养老问题;脱离社会太久，不简单融入;对自制力要求极高;会有
13、入不敷出的状况;有江郎才尽的顾虑。 建议：自由职业适合有艺术气质的人，SOHO一族的生活虽然令人艳羡，但存在的隐患也不容忽视，自控力强、安排性强、有理财观念的人能够适应自由职业，并保证自己的生活;简单产生惰性的人，还是须要工作来规范，不建议太过“自由” 备战考研的心得3 生活就像流水，你恒久不知道下一秒会被大潮冲到哪里。本科毕业，选择考研，接下来就是，因为爱情，择城，择校，择生活。谈起我探讨生的三年，我只想说其实挺有味道的。 我的导师是夫妻组合，都是科大的博士，副教授，刚进组，对我的要求就是发高档次文章，必需是一区，JACS，Angew. Chem. Int.，AM等随意挑，倍感压力山大，漂亮
14、的生活就在冲击一区的志向中起先了。早上八点到，纸质版的签到，中规中矩的设计试验，探讨试验，撰写报告，参与组会。组会其实是我比较喜爱的，可以自由的选择高档次文章来阅读，讲解，大家一起探讨人家做的东西怎么样，为什么有错误，没有创新性也能发的那么高，是人的问题还是我们看不懂，现在还不太理解。看到人家做修复发的文章高，老师说我们可以去试试，之后遇到人家做导电修复发的更高，基本上都在AM上，老板说我们可以靠过去，就这样跟着前言的大潮，漂流自己 的探讨生生活。历时1.5年，一篇导电修复文章的数据拿起了，导师撰写的目前就是AM，组内最为激昂口号就是我们将会有一篇AM，结果是两周后拒稿，让转投一个2点几的三区
15、，这个要求我导师给他拒了。导师隐瞒了我一段时间才告知我这个坏消息，可能是怕我难过吧。接下来就是转投ACSnano，主编给了许多建设性的看法，让补数据，补许多数据，考虑送审，这时候我放弃了，因为距离我毕业已经很近了。老师商议了一下，让我把这部分工作拆开成两部分，把第一部分投到CC上，过年在家就没有闲着，整理好中文，改成英文，过年回去给我女博士导师看了一下，说前言太差，不能投通讯文章。我被迫放弃了，凭我读文献的阅历，前一部分工作过于平淡，没有希望的。于是我给老师说了自己的想法，将全部工作投到JMCA，说干就干，当天下午就把英文版整理到模板中。历时一周投出去，20天一审回来，两个审稿人，一个没有什么
16、看法，另一个让补数据，大修，后来又经验一次大修，才接受。这时候第一次申请学位的时间我已经错过了，比失恋还苦痛，真心话。其实我不是没有工作，当时手上已经有一篇中文核心，两篇独创专利已经公开，只是被政策妥协了，拿不到学位，结果就是可能会丢掉珍贵的工作。不过时间给了你苦痛同样会给你欢乐，文章如愿接收，影响因子出来后7.443，独创专利一项获得国家授权，最近刚拿到学位证书，7月7号公司正式上班，这些喜事也算给了我点劝慰。 求学的道路上，我们会遇到许多打击，许多不顺，坚持下去，吃点苦，忍一忍，借用电影里的一句台词，别担忧，一切都会过去的，信任自己。 备战考研的心得4 “在任何学科领域，是否有一个好导师将
17、确定学生的探讨生涯初期的成败。” 什么样的导师是好导师呢? “在任何学科领域，是否有一个好导师将确定学生的探讨生涯初期的成败。” 1 什么样的导师是好导师呢?2005年，Nature创立了the Nature awards for mentoring in science，用于表彰在指导探讨生方面卓有成效的导师。有关人员广泛收集总结了学生们对其导师的评价，总结成了给导师的16条建议 2，如对学生的智力与实力的敬重，对学生职业发展(甚至选择非学术道路)的敬重，等等。 下文分别列出这16条建议，并引用学生的comments作为例证。基于我与自己的博士导师 我与本科期间的两个导师的各种经验，我hig
18、hlight了这些comment里让我深有感受的地方。在异国求学，一个supportive的好导师是如父亲一般的存在(撒花) 此外，我认为导师“nice”这个说法太笼统。我认为挑导师主要有两个维度：一个是做人，一个是治学。真正的好导师，做人方面要正直、得体，敬重学生，让学生如沐春风，心情开心，感到个人价值受到认可;做探讨方面，要特别responsible，对学生的探讨生涯发展很给力，所以push至少比放羊好一点，让学生惊慌一点总比松懈要好五年PHD实在是好短哒。 1. Be available：给学生刚好的帮助和反馈 George meets with his students very re
19、gularly and is always available to them. I cannot remember him ever cancelling an appointment with me despite the tremendous demands on his time (he was Head of Department for some of the time that I was his student). He reads drafts promptly and provides clear, constructive comments. He is never ne
20、gative and never belittles even the most junior of students. Undoubtedly the greatest attribute of Charles's mentorship style is his accessibility. Rarely in the 6 years I was in his laboratory did I note him not to have an open door to discuss recent results with anyone from within, or indeed f
21、rom outside, her/his laboratory. This availability combined with Charles's approachable attitude resulted in a mentor that you were not afraid to speak to, with whatever result you had in hand be it positive or negative. Even after leaving his laboratory I founds his door was always open to disc
22、uss scientific ideas. 2. Respect：敬重学生的人格和智力 Mary treats her colleagues, regardless of whether they are doing a PhD or if they are a fellow Professor, with the same high regard. In doing so, she inspires confidence in her collaborators. 一般而言，被吐槽的导师都是这一点做得差，把学生当做干活机器。 3. Be generous：无私的共享精神 Mark's
23、 magnanimity in sharing his own ideas and delight in seeing others succeed has also been an inspiration, not just for myself but for a whole generation of younger scientists. Sally did and still does this by allowing them to run with ideas that she helped to develop or even produced herself entirely
24、 and by allowing them, to take on senior authorship on important papers even though she could claim it for herself. 4. Individual difference：每个学生想要追求的人生目标是不同的，每个学生也都有自己的私人生活 A mentor needs the ability to create a unique relationship with each member of the lab. Francis possesses this attribute and s
25、ees the strengths and skills of each individual and then designs projects to suit these strengths. Her ability to understand that not everyone works in the same way or wants the same things from their lives enables her to produce the best results from people. Not everybody wants to be a leading rese
26、archer and some have skills that better suit them to other occupations. There is little point in encouraging young people to take on a career to which they may be unsuited or which they will find stressful or uninteresting. So I believe it is necessary sometimes to encourage them into other directio
27、ns . 这段话让我特别感动我觉得这种对个人意志与自由选择的无私敬重，简直是一种宏大的人性的光辉。正如原文2指出，there is more to life that what they do in the lab. They need freedom to smell the roses as one mentee put it. If things change and appear to be going wrong we need to try and understand why. If personal life is becoming tough, then give them
28、time and space. Good mentors make themselves aware of this. Again we are often so busy we don't notice. 所以，A good supervisor/mentor appreciates these differences and does not try and fit square pegs in round holes. They know when to back off and let people make their own decisions and when to co
29、me in and offer support and sympathy. 5. For Life：一日为师，终身为父 Hassan takes a continuing interest in his students: so, twenty years after I completed my PhD with him, he is still my first port of call when I have a thorny issue to discuss, or urgently require a reference - and he has never let me down.
30、 Agreeing to supervise a PhD student entails making a commitment to much more than the day-to-day overview of a series of experiments, or the development of a programme of analysis that leads to new physical-mathematical theory. It involves forging rapport with the student that potentially lasts a l
31、ifetime. 6. Actively research：常常亲临一线的探讨工作。 Lead from the front, be a researcher your self, white coat on and not desk bound. 7. Balance direction：又要放手让学生去explore自己的想法和project，又要在须要的时候赐予学生关键性的指导和建议，以此可以有效地提高学生的自主性和能动性。 As a research supervisor and mentor she/he has an incredible ability to find the p
32、erfect balance between: allowing the student to develop and explore their own ideas, research plans and projects; providing them with expert guidance, direction when needed; and most importantly providing the inspiration to achieve their best. 8. Celebrate：为学生庆祝他们的胜利 Jane sees the importance of brin
33、ging peoples social lives and work lives together. Our lab is always keen to celebrate the achievements of its members with coffee and cakes; outings for lunch; or BBQs at her house. The first time a person comes up with a novel idea or experiment of their own. This should be an occasion for public
34、recognition within the lab as it is a milestone of great significance for most young scientists. 9. Building a community：在探讨组里培育和谐的关系与社区归属感，激励合作而非竞争 Eli manages to create a nurturing yet scientifically intense lab atmosphere that promotes the production of high-quality science without the element of
35、 interpersonal competition that is unfortunately so evident in many laboratories, particularly here in the United States 10. Be social：大家一起玩 I aim to build team spirit by supporting social events throughout the year and by celebrating every birthday with a morning or afternoon tea at work. Originall
36、y I organized social events myself, but I now leave the details up to group members so that we can enjoy a diverse range of events that reflect the interests of the group, from canoeing to karaoke. The most useful single thing I've learned is that chocolate biscuits do more for everyone's go
37、od humour and enthusiasm than any amount of feelgood talk. The role of blood sugar should probably have been obvious to a biologist from the outset, but I only learned this by experience. Mind you, cheerful and encouraging talk are good too, as also are gin and tonic. 11. Create networks：给学生创建合作与展示的
38、机会 An important catalyst for many of us was Renes attitude to networking he endeavored to send all his students and postdocs to good scientific meetings because he realized how important it was for us to start making connections with peers in our field early in our careers. Right from the start we w
39、ere exhorted to take every opportunity to talk to people because it was a strongly held opinion of his that you learnt just as much at breakfast conversations and in post-conference drinks as you did from the presentations themselves. It was not uncommon to hear that he had lobbied for an opportunit
40、y for a postdoc to speak at a conference rather than doing so himselfbecause he recognized the value of becoming known, especially given our distance from North America and Europe. Elizabeth has maintained contact with her previous students and is quick to make links between the many people she know
41、s and any project that comes under her discussion. She encourages collaboration and would very quickly point to potential collaborators. Liz also would be quick toinclude students in on social occasions with high profile scientists visiting the university. This allowed students to get to know the sc
42、ientists, and vice versa, and again served as a time when students could voice their thoughts and ideas to very knowledgeable and experienced researchers. 小小的comment：我觉得B在这方面可以加强。比如，介绍他的“contacts to promote their students and young staff”， 比如“when a distinguished scientist comes to visit the School
43、they, not only introduce them, but also give them an opportunity to present or discuss their work”，比如，假如B能多给我指引一些其他学校的合作探讨者就更好了。 12. Question Listen：问好问题，激发好的答案，用一连串的好问题persistently keeps the questions flowing to help the answer come along Rather than directly providing me with interesting ideas, he
44、/she is able to ask the right questions to allow me to come up with my own theories and ideas. Elspeth makes you feel special. She makes you feel valued and is genuinely interested in peoples welfare. She doesnt preach. She questions and lets you speak. She listens and provides an environment where
45、you can put forward ideas and then she facilitates the evolution of your own answers. 13. Enhancing criticism：通过各种方式，熬炼学生的批判性思维 Catherine has focused on equipping people with the skills to be fully functioning members of the scientific community, able to prepare grant applications, review manuscript
46、s, speak at conferences and engage with scientific administrators in a constructive manner. Such a holistic approach to running a scientific group will ultimately bring enormous benefit to the groups alumni, giving them all the skills necessary to carve out their own niches in the academic world. To
47、 the uninitiated, the scientific literature is a baffling mass of conflicting ideas and results, accepted wisdom and false assumptions. The mentor can help by alerting the new student to papers that he/she considers of particular interest, and by going over the most pertinent ones with the student i
48、n some detail. It also helps greatly for the laboratory or department to establish a journal club where students regularly take turns dissecting one or two relevant current papers and their background, with input from other students and faculty members. Participating in such discussions can greatly sharpen the stude