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1、2022留学德国慕尼黑大学申请书留学德国慕尼黑高校申请书 Dear _, President Name, Faculty, Parents, Classmates, and Guests, I am honored to stand here today as your valedictorian. The path that led me to this podium required hard work, determination, courage, and motivation. These are qualities that I also admire in my classmat
2、es, and I am proud to be a part of this class and this college. Today, we look to our horizons and see the future stretched out before us. This should also be a day when we remember and pay tribute to our pasts. The path that led me here took an important turn one seemingly ordinary day in high scho
3、ol. I sat in class as my 10th grade history teacher continued our unit on World War II. On this day, he split the class into small groups and told us that we would be taking the perspective of the various countries that were involved in World War II in a debate. As he distributed the names of countr
4、ies, each group hoped to open its paper and see America?written in bold letters. When our group received the folded slip, we opened it and read it with dismay: Japan. Thinking we were sure to lose the debate, we settled down to prepare our explanation for attacking Pearl Harbor. After a few minutes,
5、 I realized that I was coming up with logical reasons for this attack, and was shocked that it was possible to think this way. I found myself able to understand an action that I had believed impossible to justify. Though I still believed that the attack was wrong, I understood that there was another
6、 side to the issue, and that there was a reason behind the actions of this side. From this experience arose a desire to enter the field of foreign policy. I wanted to develop and use my ability to understand the logic of other nations?choices and, by doing so, to help our country relate to those nat
7、ions. I decided to study the philosophies behind international politics and to develop my own theories in that area. Eager to start on this career path, I joined the student government to experience the workings of politics on a small scale. While I served as class representative my junior year, and
8、 the school vice president my senior year, I succeeded in resolving issues through my ability to take another's perspective. My experience in student government fueled my desire to study politics. I opted to take Advanced Placement European History my senior year, and learned to analyze the past
9、 as a way of predicting outcomes in the future. As I prepared for college, I sought a program that would allow me to work with some of the best professors in the field and that would offer opportunities to work in government offices, become involved with student government, and join campus political
10、 groups. I chose name of college. At Name of college, I excelled in my courses, driven by my passion for political theory and policy. I became involved in the student government, and was proud to represent my school as the student council president. Working with my one of my professors over the summ
11、er, I co-authored and published an article on the foreign policy changes in post-World War II Japan. Through our gracious alumni, I was given the chance to work as an intern on Capitol Hill, where my knowledge of foreign policy was supplement by hands-on experience. Standing here today, I am thankfu
12、l for all the opportunities, support, and knowledge that allowed me to travel this path. I look forward to my career and to success in my chosen field as I continue to travel. Looking back, I know that I possess the qualities of determination, strength and understanding. These qualities, in combinat
13、ion with my experiences, will allow me to bring positive change to the world through my work. I encourage you, my classmates, to look back with pride upon the path that has led you here, and to use your individual strengths and experiences to better the world that has offered us so many opportunitie
14、s. In China these days, university graduates who have not been lucky enough to settle into their dream jobs often look to graduated studies as a way to kill the time that they cannot otherwise spend meaningfully. I am prepared to go against the social conventions by putting on hold a successful rese
15、arch career that promised to be even more successful. With eight years of productive and highly valued practical research behind me, I now would like to revert to a more intellectual life so that I can conduct more theoretical discourses. Quite some of my friends have trouble understanding my decisi
16、on.Why did you not take the opportunity eight years ago, they would ask, when your alma mater offered to admit you as a graduate student without any hassle? Indeed, I declined to become a graduate student in 1991, when Q university arguably China's best higher-learning institution, made it clear
17、 to me that I would be exempted from the normally mandatory qualifying examinations in case I wanted to do graduate studies there. To many of my friends, I should have taken advantage of that opportunity if I had really wanted to become an intellectual. Well, I have always wanted to be an intellectu
18、al. But I thought that a good intellectual has to ground his or her theoretical discourses n comprehensive knowledge of the social reality. And that is what I have been trying to do since high school. In 1985, I took part in the National University Entrance Examination, which are held once a year na
19、tionwide to screen the country's high school graduates for post-secondary education, and scored a total of grades that was the second best in Henan Province (with a population close to 100 million). With such an academic record, I could have chosen a more fashionable or potentially profitable ma
20、jor such as law or business administration. Instead I opted for biological engineering and entered into the Qinghua's Department of Biological Engineering with a total of grades in the National University Entrance Examinations better than that of any of my fellow students. In 1989, I graduated w
21、ith an academic record that was, in overall terms, the second best in the crop of graduates of that year. Upon graduation, I secured a job with the Shenzhen Social Science Academy, which serves, as the municipal government's most resourceful and most important think-tank. As you may very well kn
22、ow, Shenzhen borders Hong Kong, the Pearl of the Orient. As China's first and most successfulspecial economic zone, it has pioneered many, if not most, of China's far-reaching economic reforms, and in the process it has grown from a village of several thousand to an ultra-modern city of seve
23、ral million people, all in 16 years. The Academy is charged with coming up with new policy proposals or conducting feasibility studies on various policy proposals. In either case, the Academy must analyze and predict the effect or consequences of the policy implementation, and the city's politic
24、ians would make their decisions in reference to or even reliance on the Office's research reports. Since I was trained in Biology, I was at first assigned to do data recording and other statistical work on medical care related topics. But, within two years, I began to do research independently.
25、Starting from the third year, I have been in charge of a group of 12 in various research projects. In 1994, I directed a major study on the municipal government's proposed reform of the city's medical care system, and, on the basis of the research results, came up with some specific suggesti
26、ons in terms of what reforms should be undertaken and how they should be carried out. The study was a resounding success. At the time, many of my colleagues, my supervisor included thought that the study was related to the reform of the medical care system in Shenzhen only. I respectfully disagreed.
27、 Shenzhen, I argued, would probably serve as an example in the medical care reform area, as it often does in many other areas. In fact, the country's top leadership opened the city up as their firstspecial economic zone with the specific purpose of making it a trail-blazer in the country's r
28、eform process. I f Shenzhen was to fulfill its mission, it had to come up with policies that would be applicable to other parts of the country as well. Having convinced my supervisor of the merits of my thinking, I designed a research plan that involved the combined use of three research methods: sa
29、mple survey, case study and participatory research. The country was divided into several major parts, and for each part, a given number of representative cities were chosen, to which my investigators were sent. The subjects of the investigation included ordinary city residents, government officials,
30、 medical providers and insurance companies, who were all asked about their feelings and expectations about the medical care reform. We also took Hong Kong's medical care system into consideration, as Hong Kong, with its striking resemblance to Shenzhen in terms of its culture and values provides
31、 an obvious reference point for Shenzhen's policy deliberations. On the basis of all the data gathered, I made the following proposals to address the problems that beset the city's medical system at the time: Revoke the traditional system that mandated the employer's full reimbursement o
32、f all of any employee's total medical cost, replacing it with a new system in which the employer is required to pay 90 per cent and the employee 10 per cent of the cost of any ordinary medical care. In this system, the employees would be issued special magnetic medicare card that could only be u
33、sed in designated hospitals. The insurance companies would simultaneously be required to offer new types of insurance policies to cover extraordinary cost associated with grave illnesses, and it would be up to the reidents to pay the insurance premiums themselves. The scheme, meant to rein in the ex
34、cessive medical cost for employers without putting too much of a burden on employees, was first put into trial of ten of Shenzhen's large stateowned enterprises. Half a year later, it was enforced throughout the city. Soon, positive assessments of the scheme flowed in from private corporations a
35、nd public institutions alike. It significantly reduced the excessive medical cost, and most of the money saved was spent on fitness and recreation programs that employees generally enjoyed. Both employers and employees thus benefited from the scheme. The scheme also had the added advantage of stabil
36、izing the prices of medication at a reasonable level. From 1995 on, most of the large and medium cities begun to imitate Shenzhen's medicare reforms with positive results. The scheme has thus had nationwide impact. Public policy as a social science is a comparatively new discipline in China, and
37、 it is still weak in both theoretical frameworks and practical research methodologies. The use of sophisticated research as a basis for policy decisions is still a new phenomenon. There are not many students and scholars in this area, and even fewer can claim genuine expertise. In fact, most people
38、tend to ignore public policy research, thinking that it does not have the kind of utility as computer science nor the kind of sophistication as philosophy. It is a state of affairs to lament about, and I consider it my mission to change it. My work experience has taught me on where I am still inadeq
39、uately prepared for the mission that I have taken on, in terms of both conceptual and practical training. I have come to a point where I feel a pressing need for more advanced education in public administration and policy research. Yet, very few of China's universities boast of public policy res
40、earch programs. I am hoping that, one day in this country, policy research and implementation knowledge would no longer be confined to the trained few, and policy decisions will normally be based on rigorous research . I am quite aware that it may take the efforts of several generations for such a n
41、ew discipline to take roots in a country as old and as fast-changing as China, and I would like to devote my life to helping this new discipline grow in this country. I do not really have a whole lot of hobbies. Apart from reading books and listening to my friends relate their experiences, I enjoy t
42、raveling on my own. While I always emphasize the importance of teamwork in the office, I like traveling on my own so that it is easier for me to seek a personal connection with nature. As I savor nature's grandeur and my own seclusion in it, the natural world often endows me with new vision and
43、fresh insights. I have also experienced quite some failures and setbacks in my life, but I have never given up my goal before I reached it. Whenever bogged down in quagmires, I would push myself by saying, just toughen it out, and you will be there. Tomorrow will be better if only you try a little h
44、arder. I would really appreciated your serous deliberation over my application, as I have pondered very seriously before I made up my mind to send in this application. I am sure that, if I can be lucky enough to study under your seasoned guidance and with the necessary financial assistance, you will
45、 be training one of the best Chinese policy researchers in China of the 21st century. For the successes I have achieved so far, I have enjoyed the kind help and support from many people. My further successes are now dependent on your support and appreciation, and I hope you will be generous in offer
46、ing both after you have reviewed my application. I shall be looking forward to your early reply. Thank you. Yours sincerely, xuexila 留学德国慕尼黑高校探讨生费用和申请条件 一、德国慕尼黑高校探讨生费用 学费：500 EUR/学期。 高校注册费：(含学生票)：92 EUR/学期。 高校注册费：150欧元/年。 在德国上高校是免费的，但是注册费是必需交的，注册完学校会发给留学生免费的月票卡，这里面涵盖交通费; 书本费：600欧元/年。 由于德国的原版书特别贵，所以大
47、多数学生都会去复印图书或者去图书馆看书; 慕尼黑每月生活费用 校外住宿(Rooms in private housing including utilities)：?350?600。 校内住宿(Rooms in university housing)：?300或?370(带家具)。 医疗保险(Health insurance)：?80。 食宿(Meals)：?200?250。 移动手机费(Mobile phone)： ?15?30。 公共交通费(Public transportation)：?33。 德国的话，一般是不须要递交学费的，对国际学生来说，有一部分费用在暑期项目和部分英语授课型项目。
48、此外，学生还需递交学生服务费?117，该费用一年只须要交一次。 算下来，慕尼黑高校的每月生活费也许就是978-1363欧元，一月生活费也许是7000-10000人民币，一年不过8万-12万人民币。这就是德国留学费用的也许状况。 二、慕尼黑高校申请条件 本科申请条件 中小学共十二年的学生： 小学至中学学习十二年，并通过高考的中国申请人有如下进入德国高校学习的机会： 1. 干脆入学： 重点高校(国家211工程院校)四年制本科或五年制本科，至少修满一个学期; 国家承认的一般高校四年制本科或五年制本科，至少修满三个学期。 2. 通过预科入学：完成预科课程并通过预科的结业考试即“高校入学资格鉴定考试”(Feststellungsprfung)取得德国高校入学资格，要求： 国家承认的一般高校四年制本科或五年制本科，修满一个或两个学期; 三年制高等专科学校(即“大专”)毕业后。 通过预科入学：完成一年的预科课程并通过预科的结业考试即“高校入学资格鉴定考试”(Feststellungsprfung)取得德国高校入学资格，要求： 重点高校(国家211工程院校)四年制本科或五年制本科，未修满三个学期; 国家承认的一般高校四年制本科或五年制本科，未修满五个学期。 全部满意