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1、2022年职称英语考试模拟卷（7）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1. 下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 BPassive Smoking Is Workplace Killer/B Pressure mounted on Britain on Monday to take action onU (51) /Usmoking with new research showing second - hand
2、 smokeU (52) /Uabout one worker each week in the hospitality industry (服务行业). Professor Knorad Jamrozik, of Imperial (帝国的) College in London, told a conference on environmental tobacco that second handU (53) /Ukills 49 employees in pubs, bars, restaurants and hotels each year and contributes to 700
3、deaths from lung cancer, heartU (54) /Uand stroke across the total national work force. Exposure in the hospitalityU (55) /Uat work outweighs (超过) the consequences of exposure of livingU (56) /Ua smoker for those staff, Jamrozik said in an interview. OtherU (57) /Uhave measured the levels of exposur
4、e to passive smoking but Jamrozik calculated how it would translate into avoidable deaths. His findings areU (58) /Uon the number of people working in the hospitality industry in Britain, their exposure to second - hand smoke and theirU (59) /Uof dying from it. Jamrozik said the findings would apply
5、 toU (60) /Ucountries in Europe because, to a greater orU (61) /Uextent, levels of smoking in the community are similar. Professor Carol Black, president of the Royal College of Physicians, which sponsored the meeting, said the research is proof of the need for a ban on smoking inU (62) /Uplaces. En
6、vironmental tobacco smoke in pubs, bars, restaurants and other public places isU (63) /Udamaging to the health of employees as well as the general public, she said in a statement. Making these places smoke - free not only protects vulnerable (易受伤害的) staff and the public, it willU (64) /Uhelp over 30
7、0,000 people in Britain to stop smoking completely, she added. Ireland recently became the first country to introduce a national ban on smoking in publicU (65) /U. New York and parts of Australia have taken similar measures. ApassiveBnaturalCextensiveDwhole 2.B第三篇/BBU.S. Life Expectancy Hits New Hig
8、h/B Life expectancy rates in the United States are at an all-time high, with people born in 2005 projected to live for nearly 78 years, a new federal study finds. The finding reflects a continuing trend of increasing life expectancy that began in 1955, when the average American lived to be 69.6 year
9、s old By 1995, life expectancy was 75.8 years, and by 2005, it had risen to 77. 9 years, according to the report released Wednesday. This is good news, said report co-author Donna Hoyert, a health scientist at the National Center for Health Statistics. Its even better news that it is a continuation
10、of trends, so it is a long period of continuing improvement. Despite the upward trend, the United States still has a lower life expectancy than some 40 other countries, according to the U. S. Census (人口普查) Bureau. The country with the longest life expectancy is Andorra at 83.5 years, followed by Jap
11、an, Macau, San Marino and Singapore. Much of the increase owes to declining death rates from the three leading causes of death in the country - heart disease, cancer and stroke. In addition, in 2005, the U. S. death rate dropped to an all-time low of less than 800 deaths per 100,000. Dr. David Katz,
12、 director of the Prevention Research Center at Yale University School of Medicine, said, News that life expectancy is increasing is, of course, good But the evidence we have suggests that there is more chronic disease than ever in the U. S. Adding years to life is a good thing, Katz said But adding
13、vital life to years is at least equally important. If we care about living well, and not just longer, we still have our work cut out for us, he said.Compared with the country with the longest life expectancy, the U. S. is Anearly 3 years behindBnearly 4 years behindCnearly 6 years behindDnearly 8 ye
14、ars behind 3.B第二篇/B BStop Eating Too Much/B Clean your plate! and Be a member of the clean-plate club! Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, its accompanied by an appeal: Just think about those starving orphans (孤儿) in Africa! Sure, we should be grateful
15、for every bite of food Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of staying clean the plate, perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow. According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies (肚子). a waiter puts a plate of food in front of ea
16、ch customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little. Barbara R
17、oils, a nutrition (营养) professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline (腰围) began to expand. Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently, so
18、me customers are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people su.rveyed believed restaurants served portions that were too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed But a closer look at the survey indicate
19、s that many Americans who cant afford fine dining still prefer large portions. Seventy percent of those earning at least $150,000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 percent of those earning less than $25,000 want smaller. Its not that working class Americans dont want to eat healthy. Its
20、just that, after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck (薪金支票) to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next years Christmas presents.Why do American restaurants serve large portions ABecause Americans associate quantity
21、 with valueBBecause Americans have big belliesCBecause Americans are good eatersDBecause Americans are too weak 4. 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。 B第一篇/B BLosing Weight/B Girls as young as 10 years old are dieting and in danger of developing unhealthy attitudes to weight, body image and food,
22、 a group of Toronto researchers reported Tuesday. Their study of 2,279 girls aged 10 to 14 showed that while the vast majority had healthy weights, nearly a third felt they were overweight (超重的) and were trying to lose pounds. Even at the tender (幼稚的) age of 10, nearly 32 percent of the girls felt t
23、oo fat and 31 percent said they were trying to diet. McVey, a researcher at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, and her colleagues analyzed data collected in a number of surveys of southern Ontario schoolgirls between 1993 and 2003, reporting their findings in Tuesdays issue of the Canadian M
24、edical Association Journal. Nearly 80 percent of the girls had a healthy body weight and only 7.2 percent were considered overweight using standard weight-to-height ratios. Most researchers suggest the rate of overweight children in this country is several times higher than that figure. Nearly 30 pe
25、rcent of the girls reported they were currently trying to lose weight, though few admitted to dangerous behavior such as self-induced vomiting (自导的呕吐). Still, a test that measured attitudes towards eating showed 10.5 percent of survey participants were already at risk of developing an eating disorde
26、r. Were not talking about kids whove been prescribed (嘱咐) a diet because theyre above average weight or overweight. Were talking about children who are within a healthy weight range. And they have taken it upon themselves to diet to lose weight, McVey said, acknowledging she found the rates disturbi
27、ng. She said striking a balance between healthy weights and healthy attitudes towards food and body image is a complex task, with no easy solutions.Which of the following statements is probably NOT true AThe surveys were conducted in a period of 10 yearsBThe girls ranged in age from 10 to 14.COnly 7
28、.2 percent of children in the country are overweightDOver 30 percent of the girls considered themselves overweight 5. 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 BSurvey Finds Many Women Misinformed about Cancer/B Sixty-three percent of American women thin
29、k that if theres no family history of cancer, youre not likely to develop the disease, A. new survey found. In fact, most people who develop cancer have no family history of cancer, according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) (美国妇产科医师学会), which sponsored the survey. T
30、oo many women are dying from cancer, Dr. Douglas W. Laube, ACOGs immediate past president, said during A. Friday teleconference. An estimated 200,070 women will die in the U. S. this year, and over 600,078 women will be diagnosed with cancer. The results of this survey found A. worrisome (令人担忧的) gap
31、 in womens knowledge about cancer. Based on the findings, ACOG is increasing its efforts to educate women about cancer and the need for regular screening tests. Although the survey found many misconceptions (错误观念) about cancer, 76 percent of women surveyed did say they feel knowledgeable about how t
32、hey can reduce their risk of the disease. However, only 52 percent said they were doing enough to reduce that risk. And 10 percent said they hadnt done anything in the past year to lower their risk. Seventeen percent said they wouldnt change their lifestyles, even if changes would lower their cancer
33、 risk. Many women said they were afraid to undergo screening out of fear of finding cancer. Twenty percent said they didnt want to know if they had cancer. In response to these findings, ACOG will launch on Oct. 29 A. new website - IProtect & Detect: What Women Should Know about Cancer/I. The guide
34、is designed to help women to take charge of their health and improve their understanding of their risk of cancer - and the lifestyle steps they can take to cut that risk.People with no family history of cancer are unlikely to develop cancer. A RightB WrongC Not mentioned 6. 下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取
35、自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 BPassive Smoking Is Workplace Killer/B Pressure mounted on Britain on Monday to take action onU (51) /Usmoking with new research showing second - hand smokeU (52) /Uabout one worker each week in the hospitality industry (服务行业). Professor Knorad Jamrozik, of Imperial (帝
36、国的) College in London, told a conference on environmental tobacco that second handU (53) /Ukills 49 employees in pubs, bars, restaurants and hotels each year and contributes to 700 deaths from lung cancer, heartU (54) /Uand stroke across the total national work force. Exposure in the hospitalityU (5
37、5) /Uat work outweighs (超过) the consequences of exposure of livingU (56) /Ua smoker for those staff, Jamrozik said in an interview. OtherU (57) /Uhave measured the levels of exposure to passive smoking but Jamrozik calculated how it would translate into avoidable deaths. His findings areU (58) /Uon
38、the number of people working in the hospitality industry in Britain, their exposure to second - hand smoke and theirU (59) /Uof dying from it. Jamrozik said the findings would apply toU (60) /Ucountries in Europe because, to a greater orU (61) /Uextent, levels of smoking in the community are similar
39、. Professor Carol Black, president of the Royal College of Physicians, which sponsored the meeting, said the research is proof of the need for a ban on smoking inU (62) /Uplaces. Environmental tobacco smoke in pubs, bars, restaurants and other public places isU (63) /Udamaging to the health of emplo
40、yees as well as the general public, she said in a statement. Making these places smoke - free not only protects vulnerable (易受伤害的) staff and the public, it willU (64) /Uhelp over 300,000 people in Britain to stop smoking completely, she added. Ireland recently became the first country to introduce a
41、 national ban on smoking in publicU (65) /U. New York and parts of Australia have taken similar measures. AkillsBhurtsCwoundsDinjures 7.B第三篇/BBU.S. Life Expectancy Hits New High/B Life expectancy rates in the United States are at an all-time high, with people born in 2005 projected to live for nearl
42、y 78 years, a new federal study finds. The finding reflects a continuing trend of increasing life expectancy that began in 1955, when the average American lived to be 69.6 years old By 1995, life expectancy was 75.8 years, and by 2005, it had risen to 77. 9 years, according to the report released We
43、dnesday. This is good news, said report co-author Donna Hoyert, a health scientist at the National Center for Health Statistics. Its even better news that it is a continuation of trends, so it is a long period of continuing improvement. Despite the upward trend, the United States still has a lower l
44、ife expectancy than some 40 other countries, according to the U. S. Census (人口普查) Bureau. The country with the longest life expectancy is Andorra at 83.5 years, followed by Japan, Macau, San Marino and Singapore. Much of the increase owes to declining death rates from the three leading causes of dea
45、th in the country - heart disease, cancer and stroke. In addition, in 2005, the U. S. death rate dropped to an all-time low of less than 800 deaths per 100,000. Dr. David Katz, director of the Prevention Research Center at Yale University School of Medicine, said, News that life expectancy is increa
46、sing is, of course, good But the evidence we have suggests that there is more chronic disease than ever in the U. S. Adding years to life is a good thing, Katz said But adding vital life to years is at least equally important. If we care about living well, and not just longer, we still have our work cut out for us, he said.The increase in the U. S. life expectancy is mostly due to Adeclining death rates from heart disease, cancer and strokeBincreasing life expectancy rates