定语从句专项练习.ppt

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1、 Revision ofthe Attributive Clause定语从句复习定语从句复习定语从句概念： 1、复合句中，修饰主句中某一名词/代词的从句称为定语从句。 2、所饰名词称为先行词先行词。 1）The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.2）The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. =The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主语主语)= The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.3）

2、The man is kind. Everyone likes him.= The man (who) everyone likes is kind. (宾语宾语)定语从句的构成定语从句的构成定语从句定语从句 构成及种类构成及种类: 1.The school where we live and study lies west of the town. 2.I, who am your English teacher, will try my best to help you. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句结构：结构： 先行词先行词 + 关系词关系词 + 定语从句

3、定语从句1. Our class is a big family which consists of more than 70 students.2. Qiao Yu is the girl whose English study is very good in our class.3. The school where we are studying is very famous.4. As we all know, our school is 50 years old.wherewhoseAswhich基础知识回顾：基础知识回顾：基础知识回顾基础知识回顾: 关系词及其意义关系词及其意义指代

4、人指代人 指代事物指代事物 所属关系所属关系 指地点指地点 指时间指时间 指原因指原因 who, whom, that, aswhich, that, aswhosewherewhenwhy关关系系代代词词关关系系副副词词归纳总结归纳总结eg: 1) The man who visited our school yesterday is Mr Brown.1. 1.whowho指人指人, ,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 ( (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）3) A person who steals things is called a thief.who 4) The man who I talk

5、ed with is our teacher.1) The man (whom) you are going to visit is a famous writer.2. whom2. whom指人指人, ,作宾语作宾语 ( (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略) )3) The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr Li.(whom)3. Whose : 3. Whose : 指人或物，作定语，表示指人或物，作定语，表示 的的(=of whom+the+n, the+n+of whom; of which+the+n, the+n+of which) 4) Please pass

6、me the book whose cover is green. 2) They helped the man whose car had broken.3) He lives in the house whose windows open to south. whose4. which 4. which 指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语 ( (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略) ) eg: 1) These are the trees which were planted last year.2) This recorder （which） he is using ismade in Japa

7、n. 3) Is this the library (which) you borrow books from? 5. 5. that 指人指人/ /物，作主语或宾语物，作主语或宾语 ( (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）eg: 1) A plane is a machine that can fly.2) He is the man (that) I told you about.3) Lets ask the man that is reading the book over there.(that)(that)关系代词 的用法1.Who1.Who指人，在定语从句中作主语。指人，在定语从句中作

8、主语。The boy The boy _ is standing there is my cousin.is standing there is my cousin.who2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语（可省）。指人，在定语从句中作宾语（可省）。The man _ you met yesterday is Mr. Smith.The boy _ youre looking for is hidden behind the tree.(whom)(whom)3. Whose(=of whom+the+n,the+n whom; of which+n, the+n+of which)指人或

9、指物，作定语。指人或指物，作定语。 Do you know the boy _father (the father of whom/ of whom the father) is an engineer. He lives in a house _windows (the window of which/ of which the window) faces south.whosewhose4,that 指人或指物，作主语、指人或指物，作主语、宾语（可省）宾语（可省） I dont know about the man _you mentioned. A plane is a machine

10、_can fly.5,which 指物，作主语、宾语（可省）指物，作主语、宾语（可省） The pen _my uncle gave me is missing. Children like to read books _have wonderful pictures.(that)that(which)which考点一：that和which的区别以下情况，引导词用以下情况，引导词用that，不用，不用which。1. 先行词为先行词为不定代词不定代词everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing。e.g. Finally, the thief hande

11、d everything that he had stolen.2. 先行词前有形容词先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词最高级、序数词修饰时，修饰时，用用that。e.g. This is the best book (that) Ive ever read.3. 先行词被先行词被the only（唯一的），（唯一的），the very（正是（正是那个），那个），the last 修饰时，用修饰时，用that。e.g. He is the only person that I want to see now.4. 先行词同时指人和指物时，用先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。e.g. We tal

12、ked about the things and persons that we saw then. Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?5. 5. 当主句疑问词是当主句疑问词是whowho或或whichwhich时，用时，用thatthat。6. 6. 当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时，用也在从句中作表语时，用thatthat。eg. Who is the boy that won the gold medal?eg. Shanghai is no

13、longer the city that it used to be.注意：注意：that只能用在限制性定语从句中，非限只能用在限制性定语从句中，非限制性定语从句中永远不用制性定语从句中永远不用that，介词后也不能跟，介词后也不能跟thate.g. He bought a book thatthat could give him much knowledge and whichwhich could help him to kill the time.1.This is all_I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether2Is

14、 there anything else_you want? A.which B.that C.who D.what3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D.it4. Please take the second chair_is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that 5.Is oxygen the only gas_helps fire burn? A. that B./ C.which D.it 6.Finally, the thie

15、f handed everything _ he had stolen to the police A. which B. what C. whatever D. that 考点二：考点二：asas与与whichwhich引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 两者均可引导定语从句，但下列情况多用两者均可引导定语从句，但下列情况多用as。1. 当与当与such或或the same连用时，一般用连用时，一般用as。e.g. 1) Such books as you gave me are interesting. 2) I have the same plan as you.2. 2. 当非限制性定语从句

16、放在主句前面时，只当非限制性定语从句放在主句前面时，只能用能用as.as.When 1) Ill never forget the day when / on which I first went to Beijing. 2) Is this the day when/on which I visited the museum?试比较：试比较：I will never forget the year which we spent together.I will never forget the year in which /when we work together.关系副词的用法1) Ple

17、ase put the letter on the desk where/on which he can easily find it.whereThis is the factory which I visited yesterday.This is the factory to which where I paid a visit.2) This is the factory where (in which) my father once worked.试比较：试比较：This is the reason why / for which he didnt come to the meeti

18、ng.whyThis is the reason why he was late.This is the reason which that he gave to me.试比较：试比较：若引导词作介词的宾语，介词可以提前构成介若引导词作介词的宾语，介词可以提前构成介词词+ +引导词的形式引导词的形式Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrow books?The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li.The man to whom

19、 I nodded is Mr. Li.注意：注意：这时引导词指人只能用这时引导词指人只能用whom，指物只能，指物只能用用which,即：即：介词介词+whichwhom.考点：介词的提前考点：介词的提前如果定语从句中的介词短语是固定搭配，如果定语从句中的介词短语是固定搭配，则介词不能提前则介词不能提前eg: 1) He is the man who I am looking for.2) He is the man who I am looking after.3) He is the man who I am looking at.Can you work them out?Fill i

20、n the blanks with proper prepositions:1. The sun gives us heat and light, _ which we cant live.2. The student _ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class.3. Ill never forget the day _ which she said good-bye to me.4. Who can give me the reason _ which he hasnt turned up yet?with

21、outaboutonfor关系副词的用法 when (=in/on/at+ which)修饰表示时间的名词，在定修饰表示时间的名词，在定从句中作状语。从句中作状语。 Ill never forget the day _I joined the Party. where (=in/on/at+ which)修饰表示地点的名词，在修饰表示地点的名词，在定从句中作状语。定从句中作状语。 The factory _my father works is in the east of the city. why (=for+ which )修饰表示原因修饰表示原因(reason)的名词，的名词，在定从句中

22、作状语。在定从句中作状语。 None of us know the reason _Tom was absent from the meeting.when /on which where /in whichwhy / for which注意几个特殊的句子注意几个特殊的句子,(关系副词一定要关系副词一定要做句子的做句子的状语状语）比较几个句子）比较几个句子1.Ill never forget the day _I spent playing basketball with you .2.Ill never forget the day _I joined the Party.3.The fac

23、tory _my father works is in the east of the city.4.The factory _I visited yesterday is in the east of the city.5.None of us know the reason _I told you yesterday.6.None of us know the reason _Tom was absent from the meeting.when / on which why / for which(that / which )(that / which )where / in whic

24、h ( that / which )链接高考链接高考:1.(2006北京北京) Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont.2.(2004上海上海) A fast food restaurant is the place _, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly.who/that whowhere3.(2003北京北京) We are living in

25、 an age _ many things are done on computer.4.(2005北京春北京春) Do you still remember the farm _ we visited three months ago?5.(2011NMET) After living in Paris for 50 years, he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.when that / which（） where6.(2006福建福建) Look out! Dont get close to the house _

26、roof is under repair.7.(2002上海上海) Is this the reason _ he explained to the meeting for his carelessness in his work? whose(that /which) Revision ofthe Attributive Clause定语从句复习定语从句复习 1）The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.Combine the sentences into one using the Attributive Clause.2）The teacher will gi

27、ve us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. 3) Our class is a big family . Our class consists of more than 70 students.4) Please put the letter on the desk. He can easily find it on the desk.5) I will never forget the summer. we spent a summer together.6）The man is kind. Everyone likes him.Fill in t

28、he blanks with proper words.1. These are the trees _ were planted last year.2. The school _ we live and study lies west of the city.3. He lives in the house _ windows open to south.4. _ we all know, our school is 50 years old.6. The boy _ is standing there is my cousin.7. Is this the day _ I visited

29、 the museum?5. The man _ I nodded to is Mr Li.8. Who can give me the reason _ he hasnt turned up?which/thatwherewhoseAs(Who/whom/that)who/thatwhenWhy/for whichin whichon which1.that与与which2.介词介词+关系代词关系代词3.as的使用的使用4.综合考查综合考查考点考点难难点点1.先行词是先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, non

30、e等等不定代词或不定代词或 由不定代词由不定代词any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all等等修饰时修饰时, 引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that不用不用 which。2.先行词被形容词先行词被形容词最高级最高级或或序数词序数词修饰且指物时修饰且指物时, 引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that 。3.先行词中先行词中既既有人又有事物有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用时，引导定语从句用 that 。只使用只使用that应遵循的规则应遵循的规则只使用只使用which应遵循的规则应遵循的规则1.介词后只用介词后只用which2.非限定性定语从句用非限定性定语从

31、句用which4.先行词被先行词被the very, the only等修饰且指物时等修饰且指物时,引导定引导定 语从句用语从句用that。5.当先行词前面当先行词前面有有who/which等疑问代词等疑问代词时，只用时，只用 that。Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen.Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?This is the best book (that) Ive ever read.1) Do you have anyt

32、hing _ you dont understand?2) The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice.3) Who is the man _ is standing there?4) Her bag, in _ she put all her money, has been stolen.5) She heard a terrible noise， _ brought her heart into her mouth.thatthatthatwhichwhich 6). Jim passed the driving test,

33、_ surprised everybody in the office. 7). Wilma became the first woman to win 3 Olympic gold medals in track, _ made her mother very proud. 8).Luckily, we had brought a map without _ we would have lost our way.which which which考点考点2：介词：介词+关系代词关系代词1. Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is talking?2. H

34、e gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar.3. I still remember the day _ _ I first got to Paris.5. (06浙江浙江) I was given three books on cooking, the first _I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. whichto whomwith whichon whichThis is the child whom/ that I will look after.4. 译：这是我要照

35、顾的小孩。译：这是我要照顾的小孩。难点一：难点一：as的用法的用法1. as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such, the same, so, as 修饰，即构成修饰，即构成suchas , the same as, soas, 结结构。构。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。2. as 与与which引导定语从句引导定语从句都能指代整句内容都能指代整句内容，但定语，但定语从句位于从句位于句首句首时，只能用时，只能用 as, 意为意为“正如正如、恰如恰如”。做题技巧做题技巧?(1)缺缺主语或宾语主语或宾语,

36、从句前用从句前用as(2)不缺不缺主语和宾语主语和宾语,从句前用从句前用that当主句中出现当主句中出现such 或或so 时时,看后面从句是否缺主语或看后面从句是否缺主语或宾语宾语:asthatwhich1. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift.2. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it.3. _ is known to all, he is the best student.4. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the

37、office. asthatAswhich模拟训练模拟训练 1. He is such a lazy man_ nobody wants to work with_. A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him2. _ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month.A. ThatB. ItC. AsD. What3. Mrs. Black took the police back to_ place _ she witnessed the robbery. A. the sa

38、me; as B. the same; where C. the same ; that D. as the same; as1.It is the library_I borrowed the book.2.It is from this library_I borrowed the book. where定语从句定语从句that强调句型强调句型综合考查一：定语从句与强调句综合考查一：定语从句与强调句难点二难点二.综合考查综合考查 近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要名词性从句和状语从句等的综合

39、考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。温馨提示温馨提示解题技巧解题技巧?3. -Where did you last see Mr. Smith? -It was in the hotel_ I lived. A. that B. which C. where D. when模拟训练模拟训练 1. It was October_we met for the first time. 2. It was in October_we met for the first time. A. that B. which C. when

40、D. whileCA综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句1. We dont believe in the news _ he told us yesterday.2. We all have heard the news _ our team won.that that/which/不填不填that/which同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句解题技巧解题技巧?模拟训练模拟训练 1. Last night, I dreamed a dream _ I was admitted into a key university.2. I hope the dream _

41、 I dreamed last night will come true. that that/which/不填不填1. Before the sales start, I make a list of _my kids will need for the coming season.A. whyB. whatC. thatD. which2. For many cities in the world, of_ New York is an example, there is no room to spread out further.A. them B. whatC. thatD. whic

42、h综合考查综合考查三三：定语从句与：定语从句与宾宾语从句语从句介介+which/whom与介词后的宾从与介词后的宾从解题技巧解题技巧?宾语从句宾语从句定语从句定语从句模拟训练模拟训练 1. The way he did it was different _ we were used to.A. in whichB. in whatC. from what D. from which2. He is a man of rich experience, _ much can be learned.A. whoB. it C. from whomD. from which综合考查综合考查四四：定语从

43、句与：定语从句与地点状语地点状语从句从句1. You should leave the toy _ you can find it. 2. I still remember the bus stop _ I came across you.where where/ in which解题技巧解题技巧?地点状语从句地点状语从句定语从句定语从句模拟训练模拟训练 1. -Mom, what did your doctor say? -He advised me to live _ the air is fresher. A. in where B. in which C. the place wher

44、e D. where2. A fast food restaurant is the place _, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly. A. in which B. there C. which D. what1.We should go to the place _ we are most needed.2.We should go to the place _ needs us most. A. it B. where C. that D. whatBC 3. It was October _ we met i

45、n ShiQuan for the first time. 4. It was in October _ we met in ShiQuan for the first time. A. that B. which C. when D. whileCA对比训练对比训练 5. He is such a good teacher_ we all like him. 6. He is such a good teacher_ we all like. A. whom B. that C. as D. whichBC 7. The news came_ the British Queens mothe

46、r celebrated her 101th birthday in good health, _ isnt surprising, because she lives an easy life and gets the best medical care. A. that; which B. which; which C. that; that D. when; as 1. He has two daughters, both of _ are doctors. He has two daughters, and both of _ are doctors.2. 1._ is well kn

47、own that China has launched Change One successfully. 2._ is known to all, Change One has been launched successfully. 3._ is known to all that China has succeeded in sending up Change One. whom them It As What 3.1.He is such a good teacher _ we all like him. 2.He is such a good teacher _ we all like. 3. He is a good teacher, _ we all know. 4. He is a good teacher, _ makes us respect him. that as as which4.1.Is this the factory _ he worked five years ago? 2.Is this the factory _ he visited the other day? where(that / which)