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1、2022外语类考试模拟卷（5）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Which of the following can be inferred from the passageAAir pollution laws in the United States and in Canada typically dont specify the amount of pollutants released by industries.BThe neighboring areas of a
2、factory receive less pollution than distant areas.CThe number of occurrences of acid rain over the last few years has been on the riseDIt is generally believed that ineffective air pollution laws rather than industries are to blame for acid rain. 2.Why do lakes in the United States and Canada become
3、 dead lakesAFish in the lakes die because acid rain deprives them of oxygen.BFish in the lakes die from taking in poisonous substances released from the acids.CFish in the lakes die from direct contact with accumulated acid in the water.DAir pollutants are dissolved in the water and thus kill the fi
4、sh. 3.Which of the following is TRUE about acid rainAIt is acknowledged by scientists to be the most serious pollution problem that human beings now face.BMany endangered species are on the verge of extinction because of acid rain.CAcid rain is composed of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides mixed wi
5、th water vapor found in the upper atmosphere.DAcid rain is mostly found in the United States and Canada. 4.Which is the best title for the passageAAcid Rain: A Environmental DisasterBWho Is To BlameCFormation of Acid RainDNew State and Local Air Pollution Laws 5.Why didnt the state and local air pol
6、lution laws achieve the end of reducing pollutionAIndustries tend to disregard the laws because they dont want to spend extra money on the processing of industrial wastes.BAlthough measures are taken to send industrial pollutants higher up the atmosphere, the amount of industrial pollutants remains
7、the same.CThe smokestacks built to release pollutants are not tall enough.DOnly a small number of industries are equipped to live up to the new standards of the air pollution laws. 6.The word registered in the last paragraph most probably means_.AmarkedBapproachedClistedDhooked 7.The topic of the pa
8、ssage is that_.Apeople spent more money than they earnedBpeople saved more money than beforeCpeople spent their money wiselyDpeople invested and consumed at an accelerated pace 8.The author thinks that the trend towards a rapid rise in consumption was undesirable because_.Apeople saved lessBpeople w
9、ere wealthyCpeople consumed lessDcosts on luxuries increased 9.It can be inferred from the increase of fruit consumption that_.Apeople had to spend mom on transportation and furnitureBpeople were more health consciousCpeople were more money consciousDthe price of fruit dropped dramatically 10.Cost i
10、ncreased most greatly on_.AfoodBautomobilesCfruitDfurniture 11.The Molecular Genealogy Research Group is building a database for the purpose of_.Aoffering assistance in working out genealogy-related problemsBsolving many issues without relying on traditional written recordsCproviding a pedigree char
11、t of at least four generations in the worldDconfirming the assumption that all individuals are of the same origin 12.People in a large area any possess the same DNA thread because_.ADNA is characteristic of a regionBthey are beyond doubt of common ancestryCDNA strand has the ability to identify indi
12、vidualsDtheir unique identification can be provided via DNA 13.The possible research of family trees is based on the fact that_.Agenetics has achieved a breakthrough for family treesBgenetic information contained in DNA can be revealed nowCeach individual carries a unique record of his relation to o
13、thersDwe can use DNA to prove how distant an individual is to a family 14.If two men suspected for some reason they have a common ancestor,_.Awe can decide according to their family treeBwe can find the truth from their genetic markersCwe can compare the differences in their Y chromosomeDwe can look
14、 for written records to prove their relationship 15.What can we infer from the passageAWe have enough written record of our ancestors to prove the identity.BMany American slaves got to know who their ancestors were though DNA.CAn adopted child generally lacks enough information to prove his identity
15、.DMolecular genealogy can be used to prove a relationship between individuals. 16.According to the first paragraph, children as an internet market.Aare using it at an earlier and earlier ageBis overtaking the adult market due to their spending powerCis growing at an incredible rateDhas brought about
16、 advertisements both beneficial and harmful 17.Many advertisers defend the targeting of children because.Ait is up to parents to monitor their childrenBchildren understand what an advertisement is trying to doCchildren are provided a game in return for the informationDno actual sales take place 18.T
17、argeting children for advertising is controversial because children.Aare not able to analyze and judge advertisementsBoften give off information that may be dangerous to themCare unable to give consent since they are too youngDare not ready to evaluate advertisements in terms of accuracy 19.In the t
18、ext the author wants his marketers to understand that.Aadvertising to children must stopBa libertarian view in advertising is unethicalCadvertising to children must have a clear purposeDchildren must be treated differently when advertising 20.The best definition of biosphere. as it is used in the te
19、xt is.Athe protective envelope formed by the atmosphere around the living earthBthat part of the earth and its atmosphere in which life can existCthe living things on earth whose existence is made possible by circulation of the atmosphereDthe circulation of the atmospheres contribution to life on ea
20、rth 21.According to the text, the fundamental cause of the ice ages is.Aperiodic changes in the earths orbit around the sunBfossil remains of one-celled animalsCalternating cold and warm seasonsDchanges in distance of the earth from the sun 22.The first paragraph of the text deals mainly with the ea
21、rth atmospheres.Asheltering effectBreviving effectCinvigorating effectDcleansing effect 23.One reason that children are unable to resist giving personal information on the internet is.Ait is presented in connection with entertainmentBthey do not know that the information is going to be read by someo
22、neCthey feel they must follow an adults ordersDdue to their inability to distinguish an advertisement from a non-advertisement 24.According to the text, fossil studies of radiolaria are significant because they.Alive in the depths of the oceanBare one-celledChave survived through the agesDdemonstrat
23、es climatic changes prior to humans 25.It can be concluded from the passage that.Athe circulation of atmosphere protects the biosphere and makes life on earth possible.Bif the protective atmosphere is too damaged by human activity, all life will cease.Clife is the result of complex interdependent ev
24、ents of natureDdespite the complexity and power of the atmosphere humans can affect it greatly 26.Which of the following views is consistent with what the developmentalists holdAChildren are most influenced by their peers than by their parents.BTwins are quite different if they are reared in two sep
25、arate families.CIdentical twins reared in the same home are different in personality.DNurture has a less significant effect on childrens personality development. 27.According to Para 3, which of the following statements is TRUEAIt is harder to track the precise effects of parental upbringing than th
26、e exact influence of the peer group in children.BImmigrant children tend to discard the way their parents speak quickly when they go to school.CIt has been proved that peers have more impact on childrens qualities such as to be honest or hard-working or generous.DIt is easier for children to acquire
27、 a language at school than at home. 28.What is the authors main purposeATo highly praise Ms. Harriss work.BTo counter Ms. Harriss work.CTo objectively report on Ms. Harriss work.DTo. critically comment on Ms. Harriss work. 29.According to the moral thinkers and philosophers, _.Acivilized man will oc
28、casionally indulge in savage killingBa man who knows good is not likely to become evilCman is both good and evil by natureDman can choose to be good or evil 30.This passage mainly deals with Hitlers _.Aimpact on our thinking about good and evilBcrimes in World War Cracial convictionsDimportance in w
29、orld history 31.The word ditched ( Line 1, Para. 4) could best be replaced by _.AprovedBemphasizedCcomparedDignored 32.This distinction in the last paragraph refers to the fact that Hitler _.Akilled far more people than Genghis Khan didBwas not so savage as Genghis Khan wasCcame from modern civiliza
30、tion while Genghis Khan was notDwas more civilized than Genghis Khan was 33.According to Ms. Harris, _.Aparents are to blame for any bad behavior of their childrenBparents will affect greatly the childrens life in the long runCnature rather than nurture has a significant effect on childrens personal
31、ity developmentDchildrens personality is shaped by their friend and neighbors 34.What did Beethoven, Gothe and Schiller have in common with HitlerAThey were all evil people.BThey were all civilized people.CThey lived in the same time and had similar beliefs.DThey were all from Germany, a civilized s
32、ociety. 35.The massacre at Columbine High School serves as an example of _.AHitlers influence among contemporary youthsBthe evil nature of manCthe virus of hatred in manDunexpected challenges to civilized life 36.The two friends read the newspaper _.Ain a hurryBwith great interestCto pass the timeDt
33、o look at the pictures 37.The mans photograph was in the newspaper because he was _.Aa doctorBa spacemanCa madmanDan actor 38.The man _.Athrew his newspaper awayBoffered them his newspaperCdropped his newspaperDdid not take his newspaper with him 39.The friends had spent their holiday _.Aon a boatBi
34、n a tentCon a farmDwith an aunt 40.Their holiday had lasted _.Amore than two weeksBjust two weeksCless than two weeksDa week or two 41.In which area does the local government encourage telecommuting programs according to the passageANew York CityBAdirondack MountainsCWashingtonDNew York State 42.Whi
35、ch of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem for employers that is potentially solved by telecommutingAEmployeeslateness for work.BEmployeesabsence from work.CEmployeesneed for time alone to work intensively.DEmployeesconflicts with second jobs. 43.Which of the following is example of telecommu
36、ting as described in the passageAA scientist in a laboratory developing plans for a space station.BA technical writer sending via computer documents created at home.CA computer technician repairing an office computer network.DA teacher directing computer-assisted learning in a private school. 44.Wha
37、t is the main subject of the passageABussiness management policies.BDriving to work.CExtending the work place by means of computers.DComputers for childcare purposes. 45.Which of the following does the author mention as a possible disadvantage of telecommutingASmall children cannot understand the bo
38、undaries of work and play.BComputer technology is never advanced enough to accommodate the needs of every situation.CElectrical malfunctions can destroy a project.DThe worker often does not have all the needed resources at home. 46.The phrase heat recovery refers to a _.Amethod of concealing the sou
39、rce of heatBspecial form of air conditioningCsupplementary hot water systemDway of reclaiming and reusing heat 47.Until recently, body heat has caused problems because it _.Awas difficult to collectBcame in a variety of formsCwas difficult to get rid ofDtended to be absorbed by physical objects 48.T
40、he phrase even in winter (in line 8) most nearly means _.Aif the winter is especially warmBduring all of the year except the winterCin the winter as well as in other seasonsDduring the evenings in the winter 49.Which of the following is true of the heating system of the Johnstown campusAThe heat is
41、supplied by human bodies only.BThe heat is supplied by both human bodies and other heatemitting objects.CThe heat is supplied by both human bodies and conventional fuel.DThe heat is supplied by human bodies, other heatemitting objects, and conventional fuel. 50.According to the passage which of the
42、following would produce the LEAST amount of heatAA fat female who studies hard.BA thin female who does not study.CA fat male who does not study.DA thin male who studies hard.第20页 共20页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页第 20 页 共 20 页