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1、2021甘肃软件水平考试考试考前冲刺卷(7)本卷共分为1大题50小题,作答时间为180分钟,总分100分,60分及格。一、单项选择题(共50题,每题2分。每题的备选项中,只有一个最符合题意) 1.等值连接可由基本的关系运算()等价表达。给定关系R、S如下所示,则RS=()。给定关系R、S如下所示,则RS=()。A.AB.BC.CD.D2.对于下图所示的S和SC关系,当我们对其进行左外连接时,其结果集的属性列数为(),元组个数为()。元组个数为()。A7B8C9D103.设有如下关系:则与关系代数表达式π1,4(RS)等价的元组演算表达式为:t|uv(R(u)S(v)();关系代数表达式R
2、÷S的结果集为()。与关系代数表达式1,4(RS)等价的元组演算表达式为:t|uv(R(u)S(v)()Au2=v1∧t1=u1∧t2=v2Bu2=v1∧t1=u1∧t2=v1Cu1=v1∧t1=u1∧t2=v2Du1=v1∧t1=u1∧t2=v14.某数据库中有供应商关系S和零件关系P,其中;供应商关系模式S(Sno,Sname,Szip,City)中的属性分别表示:供应商代码、供应商名、邮编、供应商所在城市;零件关系模式P(Pno,Pname,Color,Weight,City)中的属性分别表示:零件号、零件名、
3、颜色、重量、产地。要求一个供应商可以供应多种零件,而一种零件可由多个供应商供应。请将下面的SQL语句空缺部分补充完整。Create Table SP(Sno Char(5),Pno Char(6),Status Char(8),Qty NUMERIC(9),()(Sno,Pno),()(Sno),()(Pno);查询供应了红色零件的供应商号、零件号和数量(Qty)的元组演算表达式为:(() u1=v1v2=w1w3=’红’())() (Sno,Pno),AForeign KeyBPrimary KeyCForeign Key(Sno)References SDForei
4、gn Key(Pno)PEFERENCES P5.设有如下关系:则与关系代数表达式π1,4(RS)等价的元组演算表达式为:t|uv(R(u)S(v)();关系代数表达式R÷S的结果集为()。关系代数表达式R÷S的结果集为()。 6.某数据库中有供应商关系S和零件关系P,其中;供应商关系模式S(Sno,Sname,Szip,City)中的属性分别表示:供应商代码、供应商名、邮编、供应商所在城市;零件关系模式P(Pno,Pname,Color,Weight,City)中的属性分别表示:零件号、零件名、颜色、重量、产地。要求一个供应商可以供应多种零件,而一种零件可由
5、多个供应商供应。请将下面的SQL语句空缺部分补充完整。Create Table SP(Sno Char(5),Pno Char(6),Status Char(8),Qty NUMERIC(9),()(Sno,Pno),()(Sno),()(Pno);查询供应了红色零件的供应商号、零件号和数量(Qty)的元组演算表达式为:(() u1=v1v2=w1w3=’红’())() (Sno),AForeign KeyBPrimary KeyCForeign Key(Sno)References SDForeign Key(Pno)PEFERENCES P7.某数据库中有供应商关系
6、S和零件关系P,其中;供应商关系模式S(Sno,Sname,Szip,City)中的属性分别表示:供应商代码、供应商名、邮编、供应商所在城市;零件关系模式P(Pno,Pname,Color,Weight,City)中的属性分别表示:零件号、零件名、颜色、重量、产地。要求一个供应商可以供应多种零件,而一种零件可由多个供应商供应。请将下面的SQL语句空缺部分补充完整。Create Table SP(Sno Char(5),Pno Char(6),Status Char(8),Qty NUMERIC(9),()(Sno,Pno),()(Sno),()(Pno);查询供应了红色零件的供应商号、零件号和
7、数量(Qty)的元组演算表达式为:(() u1=v1v2=w1w3=’红’())()(Pno);AForeignKeyBPrimary KeyCForeign Key(Sno)References SDForeign Key(Pno)PEFERENCES P8.某数据库中有供应商关系S和零件关系P,其中;供应商关系模式S(Sno,Sname,Szip,City)中的属性分别表示:供应商代码、供应商名、邮编、供应商所在城市;零件关系模式P(Pno,Pname,Color,Weight,City)中的属性分别表示:零件号、零件名、颜色、重量、产地。要求一个供应商可以供应多种
8、零件,而一种零件可由多个供应商供应。请将下面的SQL语句空缺部分补充完整。Create Table SP(Sno Char(5),Pno Char(6),Status Char(8),Qty NUMERIC(9),()(Sno,Pno),()(Sno),()(Pno);查询供应了红色零件的供应商号、零件号和数量(Qty)的元组演算表达式为:(() u1=v1v2=w1w3=’红’())(()AS(u)∧SP(v)∧P(w)BSP(u)S∧(V)P∧(w)CP(u)∧SP(v)∧S(w)DS(u)∧P(v)∧
9、SP(w)9.某数据库中有供应商关系S和零件关系P,其中;供应商关系模式S(Sno,Sname,Szip,City)中的属性分别表示:供应商代码、供应商名、邮编、供应商所在城市;零件关系模式P(Pno,Pname,Color,Weight,City)中的属性分别表示:零件号、零件名、颜色、重量、产地。要求一个供应商可以供应多种零件,而一种零件可由多个供应商供应。请将下面的SQL语句空缺部分补充完整。Create Table SP(Sno Char(5),Pno Char(6),Status Char(8),Qty NUMERIC(9),()(Sno,Pno),()(Sno),()(Pno);查
10、询供应了红色零件的供应商号、零件号和数量(Qty)的元组演算表达式为:(() u1=v1v2=w1w3=’红’())()At1=u1∧t2=w2∧t3=v4Bt1=v1∧t2=u2∧t3=u4Ct1=w1∧t2=u2∧t3=u4Dt1=u1∧t2=v2∧t3=v410.进程P1、P2、P3、P4和P5的前趋图如下:若用PV操作控制进程P1P5并发执行的过程,则需要设置6个信号量S1、S2、S3、S4、S5和S6,且信号量S1S6的初值都等于零。下图中a和b处应分别填写 (23) ;c和d处应分别填写 (24
11、) ,e和f处应分别填写 (25) 。(23)是()AP(S1)P(S2)和V(S3)V(S4)BP(S1)P(S3)和V(S5)V(S6)CV(S1)V(S2)和P(S3)P(S4)DP(S1)V(S3)和P(S2)V(S4)11.程序设计语言包括 (41) 等几个方面,它的基本成分包括 (42) 。Chomsky(乔姆斯基)提出了形式语言的分层理论,他定义了四类文法:短语结构文法、上下文有关文法、上下文无关文法和正则文法。一个文法可以用一个四元组G=(∑,V,S,P)表示,其中,∑是终结符的有限字符表,y是非终结符的有限字母表,S(∈V)是开始符号,P是生成式的有
12、限非空集。在短语文法中,P中的生成式都是α→β甲的形式,其中α∈ (43) ,β∈(∑∪V)*。在上下文有关文法中,户中的生成式都是α1Aα2→α1βα2的形式,其中A∈ (44) ,β∈(∑∪V*),β≠。在上下文无关文法中,户中的生成式的左部正 (45) 。(41)是()A语法、语义B语法、语用C语义、语用D语法、语义、语用12.Ink-jet printer belong
13、s to nonimpact printers in which the characters are formed by projecting particles or droplets of ink on to paper. (71) printer is also a n0nimpact printer in which the characters are produced by applying hot elements to heat-sensitive paper directly or by melting ink from a (72) on to plain paper.
14、Electrostatic printer creates an electrostatic latent image, which is then made visible by a toner and transferred and fixed on paper. An electrostatic printer may be used in some instances as a (73) . Laser printer creates, by means of a laser beam directed on a (74) surface, a latent image which i
15、s then made visible by a toner and transferred and fixed on paper. Magnetographic printer creates, by means of magnetic heads operating on a metallic drum, a latent image which is then made visible by a toner and transferred and fixed on paper. Computer-output-microfilm (COM) printer produces on a p
16、hotographic film a (75) of each page.(71)是()A.HotB.WarmC.HeatD.Thermal13.在某系统中,采用连续分配策略,假设文件从下面指定的物理地址开始存储(假设块号从1开始),如果起始物理块号1000;逻辑块号12,和逻辑块相对应的物理块号 (5) ;起始物理块号 75,逻辑块号2000,和逻辑块相对应的块物理号 (6) ;起始物理块号150,逻辑块号25,和逻辑块相对应的块物理号 (7) 。(5)是()A.174B.1011C.2011D.207414.(71) analysis emphasizes the drawing of p
17、ictorial system models to document and validate both existing and/or proposed systems. Ultimately, the system models become the (72) for designing and constructing an improved system. (73) is such a technique. The emphasis in this technique is process-centered. Systems analysts draw a series of proc
18、ess models called (74) . (75) is another such technique that integrates data and process concerns into constructs called objects.(71)是()A.PrototypingB.AcceleratedC.Model-drivenD.Iterative15.原型化方法是一类动态定义需求的方法, (44) 不是原型化方法所具有的特征。与结构化方法相比,原型化方法更需要 (45) 。衡量原型开发人员能力的重要标准是 (46) 。A提供严格定义的文档B加快需求的确定C简化项目管D
19、加强用户参与和决策16.为了保障数据的存储和传输安全,需要对一些重要数据进行加密。由于对称密码算法 (22) ,所以特别适合对大量的数据进行加密。国际数据加密算法IDEA的密钥长度是 (23) 位。A比非对称密码算法更安全B比非对称密码算法密钥长度更长C比非对称密码算法效率更高D还能同时用于身份认证17.著名的软件工程专家Boehm于1983年提出了软件工程的七条基本原理:用分阶段的生命周期计划严格管理、 (10) 、实行严格的产品控制、采用现代程序设计技术、明确责任、 (11) 、承认不断改进软件工程实践的必要性。(注意,答案须按顺序排列。)A坚持进行阶段评审B采用带风险分析的软件开发模型C
20、对开发小组成员要进行相关培训D开发小组的人员应该少而精E要制定详细的软件测试计划F要严格控制项目开发进度18.CMM模型将软件过程的成熟度分为5个等级。在 (17) ,已建立了基本的项目管理过程,可对成本、进度和功能特性进行跟踪。在 (18) ,用于软件管理与工程两方面的软件过程均已文档化、标准化,并形成了整个软件组织的标准软件过程。A优化级B已管理级C已定义级D可重复级19.(71) analysis emphasizes the drawing of pictorial system models to document and validate both existing and/or
21、proposed systems. Ultimately, the system models become the (72) for designing and constructing an improved system. (73) is such a technique. The emphasis in this technique is process-centered. Systems analysts draw a series of process models called (74) . (75) is another such technique that integrat
22、es data and process concerns into constructs called objects.(72)是()A.imageB.pictureC.layoutD.blueprint20.原型化方法是一类动态定义需求的方法, (44) 不是原型化方法所具有的特征。与结构化方法相比,原型化方法更需要 (45) 。衡量原型开发人员能力的重要标准是 (46) 。A熟练的开发人员B完整的生命周期C较长的开发时间D明确的需求定义21.Ink-jet printer belongs to nonimpact printers in which the characters are f
23、ormed by projecting particles or droplets of ink on to paper. (71) printer is also a n0nimpact printer in which the characters are produced by applying hot elements to heat-sensitive paper directly or by melting ink from a (72) on to plain paper. Electrostatic printer creates an electrostatic latent
24、 image, which is then made visible by a toner and transferred and fixed on paper. An electrostatic printer may be used in some instances as a (73) . Laser printer creates, by means of a laser beam directed on a (74) surface, a latent image which is then made visible by a toner and transferred and fi
25、xed on paper. Magnetographic printer creates, by means of magnetic heads operating on a metallic drum, a latent image which is then made visible by a toner and transferred and fixed on paper. Computer-output-microfilm (COM) printer produces on a photographic film a (75) of each page.(72)是()A.beltB.r
26、ibbonC.tapeD.band22.程序设计语言包括 (41) 等几个方面,它的基本成分包括 (42) 。Chomsky(乔姆斯基)提出了形式语言的分层理论,他定义了四类文法:短语结构文法、上下文有关文法、上下文无关文法和正则文法。一个文法可以用一个四元组G=(∑,V,S,P)表示,其中,∑是终结符的有限字符表,y是非终结符的有限字母表,S(∈V)是开始符号,P是生成式的有限非空集。在短语文法中,P中的生成式都是α→β甲的形式,其中α∈ (43) ,β∈(∑∪V)*。在上下文
27、有关文法中,户中的生成式都是α1Aα2→α1βα2的形式,其中A∈ (44) ,β∈(∑∪V*),β≠。在上下文无关文法中,户中的生成式的左部正 (45) 。(42)是()A数据、传输、运算B数据、运算、控制C数据、运算、控制、传输D顺序、分支、循环23.为了保障数据的存储和传输安全,需要对一些重要数据进行加密。由于对称密码算法 (22) ,所以特别适合对大量的数据进行加密。国际数据加密算法IDEA的密钥长度是 (23) 位。A56B64C128D25624.进程P
28、1、P2、P3、P4和P5的前趋图如下:若用PV操作控制进程P1P5并发执行的过程,则需要设置6个信号量S1、S2、S3、S4、S5和S6,且信号量S1S6的初值都等于零。下图中a和b处应分别填写 (23) ;c和d处应分别填写 (24) ,e和f处应分别填写 (25) 。(24)是()AP(S1)P(S2)和P(S3)P(S4)BP(S1)V(S2)和P(S2)V(S1)CV(S1)V(S2)和V(S3)V(S4)DP(S1)P(S2)和V(S1)V(S2)25.在某系统中,采用连续分配策略,假设文件从下面指定的物理地址开始存储(假设块号从1开始),如果起始物理块号1000;逻辑块号12,和
29、逻辑块相对应的物理块号 (5) ;起始物理块号 75,逻辑块号2000,和逻辑块相对应的块物理号 (6) ;起始物理块号150,逻辑块号25,和逻辑块相对应的块物理号 (7) 。(6)是()A.174B.1011C.2011D.207426.著名的软件工程专家Boehm于1983年提出了软件工程的七条基本原理:用分阶段的生命周期计划严格管理、 (10) 、实行严格的产品控制、采用现代程序设计技术、明确责任、 (11) 、承认不断改进软件工程实践的必要性。(注意,答案须按顺序排列。)A坚持进行阶段评审B采用带风险分析的软件开发模型C对开发小组成员要进行相关培训D开发小组的人员应该少而精E要制定详
30、细的软件测试计划F要严格控制项目开发进度27.CMM模型将软件过程的成熟度分为5个等级。在 (17) ,已建立了基本的项目管理过程,可对成本、进度和功能特性进行跟踪。在 (18) ,用于软件管理与工程两方面的软件过程均已文档化、标准化,并形成了整个软件组织的标准软件过程。A优化级B己管理级C已定义级D可重复级28.Ink-jet printer belongs to nonimpact printers in which the characters are formed by projecting particles or droplets of ink on to paper. (71)
31、printer is also a n0nimpact printer in which the characters are produced by applying hot elements to heat-sensitive paper directly or by melting ink from a (72) on to plain paper. Electrostatic printer creates an electrostatic latent image, which is then made visible by a toner and transferred and f
32、ixed on paper. An electrostatic printer may be used in some instances as a (73) . Laser printer creates, by means of a laser beam directed on a (74) surface, a latent image which is then made visible by a toner and transferred and fixed on paper. Magnetographic printer creates, by means of magnetic
33、heads operating on a metallic drum, a latent image which is then made visible by a toner and transferred and fixed on paper. Computer-output-microfilm (COM) printer produces on a photographic film a (75) of each page.(73)是()A.drawerB.painterC.plotterD.brush29.程序设计语言包括 (41) 等几个方面,它的基本成分包括 (42) 。Choms
34、ky(乔姆斯基)提出了形式语言的分层理论,他定义了四类文法:短语结构文法、上下文有关文法、上下文无关文法和正则文法。一个文法可以用一个四元组G=(∑,V,S,P)表示,其中,∑是终结符的有限字符表,y是非终结符的有限字母表,S(∈V)是开始符号,P是生成式的有限非空集。在短语文法中,P中的生成式都是α→β甲的形式,其中α∈ (43) ,β∈(∑∪V)*。在上下文有关文法中,户中的生成式都是α1Aα2→α1βα2的
35、形式,其中A∈ (44) ,β∈(∑∪V*),β≠。在上下文无关文法中,户中的生成式的左部正 (45) 。(43)是()AV+B(∑∪V)C(∑∪V),D(∑∪V)*V(∑∪.V)*30.原型化方法是一类动态定义需求的方法, (44) 不是原型化方法所具有的特征。与结构化方法相比,原型化方法更需要 (45) 。衡量原型开发人员能力的重要标准是 (46) 。A丰富的编程技巧B灵活使用开发工具C很强的协调组织能力D快速获取需求31.(71) analysis emphasi
36、zes the drawing of pictorial system models to document and validate both existing and/or proposed systems. Ultimately, the system models become the (72) for designing and constructing an improved system. (73) is such a technique. The emphasis in this technique is process-centered. Systems analysts d
37、raw a series of process models called (74) . (75) is another such technique that integrates data and process concerns into constructs called objects.(73)是()A. Structured analysisB. Information EngineeringC. Discovery PrototypingD. Object-Oriented analysis32.进程P1、P2、P3、P4和P5的前趋图如下:若用PV操作控制进程P1P5并发执行的
38、过程,则需要设置6个信号量S1、S2、S3、S4、S5和S6,且信号量S1S6的初值都等于零。下图中a和b处应分别填写 (23) ;c和d处应分别填写 (24) ,e和f处应分别填写 (25) 。(25)是()AP(S3)P(S4)和V(S5)V(S6)BV(S5)V(S6)和P(S5)P(S6)CP(S2)P(S5)和P(S4)P(S6)DP(S4)V(S5)和P(S5)V(S6)33.在某系统中,采用连续分配策略,假设文件从下面指定的物理地址开始存储(假设块号从1开始),如果起始物理块号1000;逻辑块号12,和逻辑块相对应的物理块号 (5) ;起始物理块号 75,逻辑块号2000,和逻辑
39、块相对应的块物理号 (6) ;起始物理块号150,逻辑块号25,和逻辑块相对应的块物理号 (7) 。(7)是()A.174B.1011C.2011D.207434.(71) analysis emphasizes the drawing of pictorial system models to document and validate both existing and/or proposed systems. Ultimately, the system models become the (72) for designing and constructing an improved s
40、ystem. (73) is such a technique. The emphasis in this technique is process-centered. Systems analysts draw a series of process models called (74) . (75) is another such technique that integrates data and process concerns into constructs called objects.(74)是()A.PERTB.DFDC.ERDD.UML35.Ink-jet printer b
41、elongs to nonimpact printers in which the characters are formed by projecting particles or droplets of ink on to paper. (71) printer is also a n0nimpact printer in which the characters are produced by applying hot elements to heat-sensitive paper directly or by melting ink from a (72) on to plain pa
42、per. Electrostatic printer creates an electrostatic latent image, which is then made visible by a toner and transferred and fixed on paper. An electrostatic printer may be used in some instances as a (73) . Laser printer creates, by means of a laser beam directed on a (74) surface, a latent image wh
43、ich is then made visible by a toner and transferred and fixed on paper. Magnetographic printer creates, by means of magnetic heads operating on a metallic drum, a latent image which is then made visible by a toner and transferred and fixed on paper. Computer-output-microfilm (COM) printer produces o
44、n a photographic film a (75) of each page.(74)是()A.brightnessB.photosensitiveC.emitterD.light-sensitive36.IP协议是TCP/IP体系结构 (20) 上的实用的协议。TCP协议是TCP/IP体系结构 (21) 上使用的协议。TCP/IP体系结构的 (22) 上没有专用的协议。SUP协议位于TCP/IP体系结构的 (23) 。(20)是()A.物理层B.网络接口层C.网络互联层D.传输层37.程序设计语言包括 (41) 等几个方面,它的基本成分包括 (42) 。Chomsky(乔姆斯基)提出了
45、形式语言的分层理论,他定义了四类文法:短语结构文法、上下文有关文法、上下文无关文法和正则文法。一个文法可以用一个四元组G=(∑,V,S,P)表示,其中,∑是终结符的有限字符表,y是非终结符的有限字母表,S(∈V)是开始符号,P是生成式的有限非空集。在短语文法中,P中的生成式都是α→β甲的形式,其中α∈ (43) ,β∈(∑∪V)*。在上下文有关文法中,户中的生成式都是α1Aα2→α1βα2的形式,其中A&isin
46、; (44) ,β∈(∑∪V*),β≠。在上下文无关文法中,户中的生成式的左部正 (45) 。(44)是()AVBV+C∑∪VD(∑∪V)*38.Ink-jet printer belongs to nonimpact printers in which the characters are formed by projecting particles or droplets of ink on to paper. (71) printer is also a n0nimpact printer in whic
47、h the characters are produced by applying hot elements to heat-sensitive paper directly or by melting ink from a (72) on to plain paper. Electrostatic printer creates an electrostatic latent image, which is then made visible by a toner and transferred and fixed on paper. An electrostatic printer may be used in some instances as a (73) . Laser printer creates, by means of a laser beam directed on a (74) surface, a latent image which is then m