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1、2021河南职称英语考试真题卷（3）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Mother Knows the Best Once while being prepped for a television interview, I was chatting with the host about stay-at-home fathers. I made the point that one reason were seeing more stay-at-home dads may be
2、 that its no longer a given that a man makes more money than his wife. Many families now take earning power into account when deciding which parent will stay home. At that point, one of the male crew members commented, almost to himself but loud enough for my benefit, It should be the better parent
3、who stays home. A lot .of guys say things like that. Usually its code for, My wife (read: any woman) is the better parent. I was a stay-at-home father for eight years, so his declaration made me bristle. It implied that our familys choice could only have been correct if I was a better parent than my
4、 wife. I think men shoot themselves in the foot with this kind of thinking. I suppose an argument could have been made that when I began staying home my wife was the better parent: She had spent more time with Ry, could read him better and calm him more quickly. And given a choice, hed have picked h
5、er over me. But as she was the more employable one, my wife went out to work and looked after our son. Know what I caught up. Because of the increased time I spent with him. I soon knew Ry well, understood what he needed and could look after him more or less as well as my wife could. Actually, the e
6、xperience helped me unlock one of the worlds great secrets: Women are good at looking after children because they do it. Its not because of any innate female aptitude or a mothers instinct which I think is mostly learned anyway. Its because they put in the time and attention required to become good
7、at the job. Women obviously get a biological head start from giving birth and nursing. But over the long term experience is more important. When I got the experience myself, I was good, too. As good I dont know. Who cares Children are not made of glass, other people ale capable of looking after them
8、 besides Mom.the author decided to stay at home to look after their son eight years ago because_.Ahe though the was the better parentBit was easier for his wife to find a jobCtheir son Ry liked him betterDhe was earning less than his wife 2.Man of Few Words Everyone chases success, but not all of US
9、 want to be famous. South African writer John Maxwell Coetzee is (1) for keeping himself to himself. When the 63-year-old was named the 2003 Nobel Prize winner for literature earlier this month, reporters were warned that they would find him particularly difficult to (2) . Coetzee lives in Australia
10、 but spends part of the year teaching at the University of Chicago. He seemed (3) by the news he won the USS 1.3 million prize. It came as a complete surprise. I wasnt even aware they were due to make the announcement, he said. His (4) of privacy led to doubts as to whether Coetzee will attend the p
11、rize, giving in Stockholm, Sweden, on December 10. But despite being described as (5) to track down, the critics agree that his writing is easy to get to know. Born .in Cape Town, South Africa, to all English-speaking family, Coetzee (6) his breakthrough in 1980 with the novel Waiting for the Barbar
12、ians. He (7) his place among the worlds leading writers with two Booker Prize victories, Britains highest honour for novels. He first (8) in 1983 for the Life and Times of Michael K . And his second title came in 1999 for Disgrace. A major theme in his work is South Africas former apartheid system,
13、which divided whites from blacks. (9) with the problems of violence, crime and racial division that still exist in the country, his books have enabled ordinary people to understand apartheid (10) within. I have always been more interested in the past than the future, he said in a rare interview. The
14、 past (11) its shadow over the present. I hope I have made one or two people think (12) about whether they want to forget the past completely. In fact tiffs purity in his writing seems to be (13) in his personal life. Coetzee is a vegetarian, a cyclist rather than a motorist and doesnt drink alcohol
15、. But what he has (14) to literature, culture and the people of South Africa is far greater than the things he has given up. In looking at weakness and failure in life, the Nobel prize judging panel said, Coetzees work (15) the divine spark in man. privacy n. 独居；不受干拢的自由 I barbarian n. & adj. (野蛮人的),
16、残暴的人(的) Apartheid n, 种族隔离;种族隔制 divine adj. 神圣的 panel n. 评审小组AcatchBcome acrossCrun intoDbump into 3.Stress Level Tied to Education Level People with less education suffer fewer stressful days, according to a report in the current issue of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior. However, the study
17、 also found that when less-educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health. From this researchers have concluded that the day-to-day factors that cause stress are not random. Where you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day
18、, and how well you will cope with them. The research team interviewed a national sample of 1,031 adults daily for eight days about their stress level and health. People without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 per cent of the study days, people with a high school degree reported stress 38
19、 per cent of the time, and people with college degrees reported stress 44 per cent of the time. Less advantaged people are less healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward turns in their health. lead researcher Dr. Joseph Grzywacz, of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center,
20、said in a prepared statement. The downward turns in health were connected with daily stressors. And the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more devastating for the less advantaged. Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to determine why less-educated people report fewer days of stress
21、when it is known their stress is more acute and chronic. If something happens every day, maybe its not seen as a stressor, Grzywacz says. Maybe it is just life. stressful adj. 紧张的;压力重的 diploma n. 毕业文凭,毕业证书 stressor n. 紧张刺激物 devastating adj. 毁灭性的 follow-up n. (对病人的)随访Which group reported the biggest
22、number of stressful daysAPeople without any education.BPeople without high school degrees.CPeople with high school degrees.DPeople with college degrees. 4.Smoking Since 1939, numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard. The trend of the evidence has been cons
23、istent and indicates that there is a serious health risk. Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy. Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in
24、 the development of cancer of the lungs and cancer of the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of some other organs of the body. Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males. Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not bre
25、athe in the smoke so deeply. Apart from statistics, it might be helpful to look at what tobacco does to the human body. Smoke is a mixture of gases, vaporized chemicals, minute particles of ash and other solids. There is also nicotine, which is powerful Poison, and black tar. As smoke is breathed in
26、, all those components from deposits on the membranes of the lungs. One point of concentration is where the air tube and bronchus divides. Most lung cancer begins at this point. Filters and low tar tobacco are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer, but they can only slightly reduce, not elimi
27、nate the hazards.Filters and low tar tobacco make smoking safer.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned 5.New Foods and the New World In the last 500 years, nothing about peoplenot their clothes, ideas, or languageshas changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the
28、cocoa tree (可可树) by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500s. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today. The potato
29、is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the Potato Famine (饥荒) of 18451846, and thousands more were forced to leave their
30、homeland and move to America. There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it i
31、s native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400s. According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered when a person named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the wide-awake f
32、eeling that one-third of the worlds population now starts the day with.Thousands of Irish people starved during the Potato Famine becauseAthey were so dependent on potatoes that they refused to eat anything elseBthey were forced to leave their homeland and move to AmericaCthe weather conditions in I
33、reland were not suitable for growing potatoesDthe potato harvest was bad 6.Mother Knows the Best Once while being prepped for a television interview, I was chatting with the host about stay-at-home fathers. I made the point that one reason were seeing more stay-at-home dads may be that its no longer
34、 a given that a man makes more money than his wife. Many families now take earning power into account when deciding which parent will stay home. At that point, one of the male crew members commented, almost to himself but loud enough for my benefit, It should be the better parent who stays home. A l
35、ot .of guys say things like that. Usually its code for, My wife (read: any woman) is the better parent. I was a stay-at-home father for eight years, so his declaration made me bristle. It implied that our familys choice could only have been correct if I was a better parent than my wife. I think men
36、shoot themselves in the foot with this kind of thinking. I suppose an argument could have been made that when I began staying home my wife was the better parent: She had spent more time with Ry, could read him better and calm him more quickly. And given a choice, hed have picked her over me. But as
37、she was the more employable one, my wife went out to work and looked after our son. Know what I caught up. Because of the increased time I spent with him. I soon knew Ry well, understood what he needed and could look after him more or less as well as my wife could. Actually, the experience helped me
38、 unlock one of the worlds great secrets: Women are good at looking after children because they do it. Its not because of any innate female aptitude or a mothers instinct which I think is mostly learned anyway. Its because they put in the time and attention required to become good at the job. Women o
39、bviously get a biological head start from giving birth and nursing. But over the long term experience is more important. When I got the experience myself, I was good, too. As good I dont know. Who cares Children are not made of glass, other people ale capable of looking after them besides Mom.Which
40、of the following is NOT mentioned as a thing that a good parent should do with his or her childASpending more time with himBTaking him to schoolCReading stories to himDBeing able to calm him down 7.Man of Few Words Everyone chases success, but not all of US want to be famous. South African writer Jo
41、hn Maxwell Coetzee is (1) for keeping himself to himself. When the 63-year-old was named the 2003 Nobel Prize winner for literature earlier this month, reporters were warned that they would find him particularly difficult to (2) . Coetzee lives in Australia but spends part of the year teaching at th
42、e University of Chicago. He seemed (3) by the news he won the USS 1.3 million prize. It came as a complete surprise. I wasnt even aware they were due to make the announcement, he said. His (4) of privacy led to doubts as to whether Coetzee will attend the prize, giving in Stockholm, Sweden, on Decem
43、ber 10. But despite being described as (5) to track down, the critics agree that his writing is easy to get to know. Born .in Cape Town, South Africa, to all English-speaking family, Coetzee (6) his breakthrough in 1980 with the novel Waiting for the Barbarians. He (7) his place among the worlds lea
44、ding writers with two Booker Prize victories, Britains highest honour for novels. He first (8) in 1983 for the Life and Times of Michael K . And his second title came in 1999 for Disgrace. A major theme in his work is South Africas former apartheid system, which divided whites from blacks. (9) with
45、the problems of violence, crime and racial division that still exist in the country, his books have enabled ordinary people to understand apartheid (10) within. I have always been more interested in the past than the future, he said in a rare interview. The past (11) its shadow over the present. I h
46、ope I have made one or two people think (12) about whether they want to forget the past completely. In fact tiffs purity in his writing seems to be (13) in his personal life. Coetzee is a vegetarian, a cyclist rather than a motorist and doesnt drink alcohol. But what he has (14) to literature, cultu
47、re and the people of South Africa is far greater than the things he has given up. In looking at weakness and failure in life, the Nobel prize judging panel said, Coetzees work (15) the divine spark in man. privacy n. 独居；不受干拢的自由 I barbarian n. & adj. (野蛮人的),残暴的人(的) Apartheid n, 种族隔离;种族隔制 divine adj.
48、神圣的 panel n. 评审小组AinfluencedBaffectedCmovedDshocked 8.New Foods and the New World In the last 500 years, nothing about peoplenot their clothes, ideas, or languageshas changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree (可可树) by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500s. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fash