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1、状状 语语 从从 句句讲讲 练练 用作状语的从句叫做状语从句。引导状语从句的关联词是用作状语的从句叫做状语从句。引导状语从句的关联词是一些从属连词。一些从属连词。 v例：v When you cross the road, you must be careful. 当你过马路时要小心。（当你过马路时要小心。（when是从属连词）是从属连词）v I was late because I missed the bus. 我迟到了，因为我误了公共汽车。我迟到了，因为我误了公共汽车。 （ because是从属连词）是从属连词）.v If she asks me, Ill tell her. 她如果问我
2、，我就告诉她。（她如果问我，我就告诉她。（if是从属连词）是从属连词）v You look as if you need a rest.v 你像是需要休息似的。（你像是需要休息似的。（as if是从属连词）是从属连词）.状语从句状语从句状语从句的种类状语从句的种类1、时间状语从句 when, while, as soon as, since, until, before, after2、条件状语从句 if 3、结果状语从句 sothat4、比较状语从句 than5、原因状语从句 because6、让步状语从句 although, though7、地点状语从句 where1. 1. 时间状语从句
3、时间状语从句v引导时间状语从句的关联词常有：after, before, when, while, whenever, as soon as, as, since, until 等。v例：v The ball goes up very high after it hits the ground. 这球着地后蹦得很高。v Wait until youre called. 你等着叫你吧！ when: 持续性非持续性动词都可以持续性非持续性动词都可以当当时时Are you going to be a sailor when you leave school? while /when辨析辨析vwhen
4、/while+doingvWhen/while reading,he fell asleep.vwhen+终止性、延续性动词终止性、延续性动词vwhile+延续性动词延续性动词vWhen the teacher came in,I was sleeping.v=While /When I was sleeping, the teacher came in.vwhen (就在这时就在这时)vI was sleeping, when someone knocked at the door.while 的其他含义：While I was walking down the street, I came
5、 across an old friend. ( while =_)He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. ( while =_)While I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. (while=_)While there is life there is hope. (while=_)whenalthoughas long as but as : 当时；一边一边；随着As the day went on, the weather gotworse. as的常见用法：1
6、.She sang as she worked. 一边一边2. You must try to do as I did. 像.一样3. As she was late for class, she had to say sorry. 由于 before Eg.I must finish all the work before go home. 在在前前Eg.It will be half a year before I come back.Eg.It wont be half a year before we meet again.Eg.We sailed four days and nigh
7、ts before we saw the land.We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 肯定句肯定句 “ 才才” 否定句否定句 “就就”it will be +一段时间一段时间 before.多久之后才多久之后才.it wont be +一段时间一段时间 before.不久就不久就.时间状语从句after after表示在一段时间之后。eg. Lets play football after school. 放学后我们踢足球吧。 The sun came out soon after the storm stopped. 暴风雨过后不久，太阳出来
8、了。时间状语从句Since since表示自以来。表示动作从过去某一点时间一直延续到说话时间为止。主句中通常为延续性动词的现在完成时，since从句中一般用短暂性动词的一般过去时。 eg. It has been just a week since we arrived here. 我们到这儿刚刚一星期。 Where have you been since I last saw you? 自上次我见过你之后，你去了哪里？ Since she was young, she has been collecting stamps. 她自年轻时起就一直集邮至今。till, until和notuntil
9、：1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如： We waited until he came. 2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如He wont go to bed till/until she returns.3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it.1. _ he comes here tomorrow, I wil
10、l call you. 2. _ he was walking in the street, he met Tim. 3. She sang _she worked.4. There was an applause _she appeared on the stage.WhenWhile/Whenasas soon as5.It wont be long _he finishes his writing.6._ he had finished his work, he left there.7.It is two years _he came here.8. _she told me, I h
11、ad no idea of what they had said .beforeAftersinceBefore 时间状语从句Attention:在时间状语从句中，不能用一般将来时、过去将来时态或将来完成时，而要用相应的一般现在时态、一般过去时或现在完成时来代替。eg.Ill telephone you as soon as I get there. 我一到达那里就打电话给你。 Dont get off the bus until it has stopped. 等车停稳后才下车。2. 地点状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句由 where引导。例如：-Mom, what did your doc
12、tor say? - He advised me to live where the air is fresher? 3. 3. 原因状语从句原因状语从句v原因状语从句通常由because, as, since, now that, considering (that), seeing (that)等词引导。v because语气较强，用以回答why问句v as语气较弱，较口语化，所表示的原因较明显。v since语气较弱，常表对方已知的事实，相当于汉语的“既然”。 1. _he was ill, he didnt go to school.2._ you do not understand,
13、 I will explain again.3. _she was late for class, she had to say sorry.4. He must be ill, _he is absent today.BecauseSinceforAs6. I eat potatoes _I like them. 我吃土豆是因为我喜欢土豆。7. _I didnt know the way, I asked a policeman. 我由于不知道路，因而问警察。8. _you wont help me, Ill ask someone else. 你既然不帮我，那我就请别人帮我。because
14、AsSince4. 4. 结果状语从句结果状语从句v结果状语从句常用so that, such that等关联词引导。e.g.v He is so young that he cant go to work. 他如此小以致于他不能上班。vHe got so little pay that his family had to live on welfare money. 他工资很少，他的家人不得不靠救济金生活。vIts such a good chance that we mustnt miss it. 机会这样好，我们决不能失掉。1. It is _good a story that Ill
15、never forget it.2. It is _ a good story that Ill never forget it.sosuch 5. 5. 目的状语从句目的状语从句v目的状语从句常由so that, in order that等词引导，目的状语从句常用助动词may（might）, shall（should）, will（would）, can (could)。目的状语从句常放于主句之后，例：v Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 你要讲得清楚，他们才听得懂。v He spoke slowly in order that
16、everyone should understand. 他讲得很慢以便人人能听懂。 6. 6. 条件状语从句条件状语从句v条件状语从句表示条件，关联词常用if或unless, as (so) long as. if , once, as/so long as，as far as，unless等。等。vIf it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman. 明天如果下雪，我们就堆雪人。vYoull catch a cold unless you put on your coat. 你会感冒的除非你穿上大衣。vHe will do anything as lo
17、ng as it is interesting. 只要有趣，他什么都愿意干。5. Dont touch anything _ yourteacher tells you to.unless 7. 7. 让步状语从句让步状语从句v让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管，即使”等概念，常用的关联词有：though, although, even though等。v Though he was ill, he was still working. 他虽然有病，但仍然继续工作。v Although it is difficult, we shall do it. 此事虽难，但我们还是要做。v Even tho
18、ugh you say so, I do not believe it. 即使你这样说，我也不信。 注： v though和although可以互换，只是although比较正式。v though不可以与连词but连用，但可以与yet，still连用，例：v Though he worked hard, he couldnt pass the exam. 虽然他很努力，但还是没通过考试。 1. _he is old ,he works hard.2. _you say so,I dont believe it. 3. Smart _ he is ,he doesnt study hard. A
19、lthough / Though Even though (even if) as 8. 比较状语从句v比较状语从句常用than或asas，the more the more等引导。than表示两者的比较，asas表示程度相同的比较；The morethe more表示” 越越”。例：That book is more interesting than this one. 那本书比这本有趣。He runs as fast as I （do）. 他和我跑得一样快。The more I see him , the less I like him. 我越看他就越不喜欢。1.You must try
20、to do _I did.2. The old lady treats the boy _he were her son.as if/thoughas注：1v 比较状语从句后面的主语在口语中常用宾格。v 如果后面的句子主语为主格时，可以加助动词、情态动词等。v He can jump higher than I can. 他能比我跳得高。v He came later than LiLei did. 他比李磊来得晚。注：2because of和because的区别 because of后加名词代词或动名词，不加句子，而because加句子，例：vBecause of his illness,
21、he didnt go to work. 因为生病，他没上班。vBecause he was ill, he didnt go to work. 在条件和时间状语从句中，如果主句用将来时，从句常用一般现在时。 If it doesnt rain, well go fishing. 明天不下雨我们就去钓鱼。 As soon as he comes back, Ill let him know it. 他一回来，我就让他知道这事。if构成条件从句时意为“如果”，可以放句首也可以放主句后；构成宾语从句时意为“是否”，一般放主句后。 例如: v I dont know if he will come
22、tomorrow.（宾从） 我不知道他明天是否来。v If he comes, Ill tell you.（Ill tell you if he comes.） 如果他来，我会告诉你。 【模拟试题【模拟试题】（答题时间：50分钟） （ ）1. Did he tell you _ at the school gate? A. who he waited for B. who is he waiting C. who did he wait for D. who he was waiting（ ）2. Do you know _? A. who is heB. what he is C. what
23、 is heD. who he isA D（ ）3. I dont know _. A. where does he come from B. where he does come from C. where he come from D. where he comes from（ ）4. Excuse me. Could you tell me _ get to the plane? Certainly. Go straight along here. A. how can we B. how we can C. where can we D. where we can D B（ ）5. T
24、he teacher asked the new student _ class he was in. A. whichB. where C. howD. when（ ）6. Do you know _ after school every day? A. what does he do B. he does what C. what he does D. does he do what A C（ ）7. Have you decided _ with me? A. who will you go B. who will go C. who went D. who did you go（ ）8
25、. He asked me _. A. who did kick the first goal in the World Cup B. when was the APEC meeting held C. when China became a member of the WTO D. where will the 2008 Olympic be held B C（ ）9. Kate has gone to Shanghai and I dont know _ tomorrow. A. when she calls me B. when she will call me C. when does
26、 she call me D. when will she call me（ ）10. Where does he come from? Pardon? I asked where _. A. did he come from B. he came from C. he comes from D. does he come from（ ）11. I didnt know _ at the meeting yesterday. A. what to say B. to say what C. why to say D. to say why B A B（ ）12. Could you tell
27、me _? A. what time the plane leaves B. what time the plane leave C. what time did the plane leave D. what time will the plane leave（ ）13. Do you know _ she knows it? A. what B. ifC. when D. what（ ）14. Boys and girls, did you hear _ I said? A. that B. what C. it D. those（ ）15. You must remember _. A.
28、 what your teacher said B. what did your teacher say C. your teacher said what D. what has your teacher saidB BA A（ ）16. I watched that man for a long time and wanted to know _. A. whether I have seen him before B. where I had seen him before C. that I had seen him before D. when did I see him （ ）17
29、. Do you know _? Sorry, I dont know. You may ask the woman over there. A. when the shop opens B. when is the shop open C. when does the shop open D. when will the shop open （ ）18. Do you know why she _Mr. Wang tomorrow? She has changed her mind. A. wont visit B. didnt visit C. doesnt visit D. hasnt
30、visit A A B（ ）19. Could you tell me _ with the broken window? A. what I should do B. what should I do C. how to d D. how I should do（ ）20. Do you know _? They moved here soon after their son was born. A. when would the Greens move here B. when the Greens moved here C. the Greens would move here D. w
31、hen the Greens would move here（ ）21. I dont know when he _ back from England. A. will comeB. come C. comes D. coming B A A（ ）22. What did your son say in the letter? He told me that he _ the Disney World the next day. A. will visitB. has visited C. is going to visitD. would visit（ ）23. If he _harder
32、 next time, he will catch up with us. A. work B. worked C. works D. will work（ ）24. I think WeiHua will be very happy when she _your presents. A. looks B. will look C. receives D. will receive CC D（ ）25. Well set out as soon as our monitor _. A. comeB. comes C. will comeD. has come （ ）26. Ill go wit
33、h you if it _fine tomorrow. A. has beenB. is C. will be D. be （ ）27. Ill meet him at the station when he _. A. will returnB. return C. returns D. returned （ ）28. I wont go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket. A. lost B. have lost C. will lost D. didnt have B B C B（ ）29. Are you going to v
34、isit the farm tomorrow? Yes. But if it _, well stay at school. A. rainB. rained C. rainsD. will rain（ ）30. Please dont stand up in class until you _. A. were told to B. are told to C. were told D. are told（ ）31. They wont be back until the work _. A . do B. does C. is done D. will do（ ）32. Xiao Ming
35、 will come and play with me if he _busy. A. isB. wont be C. isnt D. will be BC C C（ ）33. I will let you know about it as soon as I _the news. A. will get B. get C. got D. get（ ）34. Though he is ill, _he is still working hard. A. but B. yet C. too D. either（ ）35. He was late _ the heavy rain. A. beca
36、use B. because of C. though D. if（ ）36. He is _ excited that he cant speak any thing. A. too B. to C. so D. enough（ ）37. The boy is _ lovely that we all like him. A. soB. such C. too D. very B C A D B（ ）38. This is _ an interesting book that I want to read it again. A. soB. suchC. quiteD. very（ ）39.
37、 He got up early _ he could catch up with the others. A. in order to B. To C. so that D. that（ ）40. Our school is _yours. A. as three times large as B. as large three times as C. three times as large as D. as large three times as（ ）41. I wonder if he _. If he _, Ill ask him to drive me there. A. comes, comes B. come, come C. will come, comes D. come, will come C C CB