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1、2021年内蒙古在职攻读硕士联考考试模拟卷（7）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.某市一项对交谊舞爱好者的调查表明，那些称自己每周固定去跳交谊舞12次的人近3年来由28%增加到35%，而对该市大多数舞厅的调查则显示，近3年到交谊舞厅的顾客人数明显减少。 以下各个选项如果是真的，都有助于解释上述看来矛盾的断定，除了A上舞厅没有规律的人在数量上明显减少。B舞厅出于非正常的考虑，往往少报光顾的人数。C家庭交谊舞会逐渐流行。D迪斯科舞厅的兴起抢了交谊舞厅的生意。2.研究在不同环境下分别
2、养大的同卵双胞胎的研究者发现，每一对这种双胞胎在性格上、医疗记录和生活经历上都相似。这些研究者认为这些结果证实了这种假设：遗传在决定人的性格和生活经历时比环境起更大的作用。 以下哪项如果为真，将最严重地削弱上述假设A一对在一起抚养的同卵双胞胎，经适当的测试显示出非常接近的价值观。B一对不在一起扶养的同卵双胞胎，他们在攻击性和其他个人特征上明显不同。C一对在一起抚养的姐弟，他们有相似的性格和生活经历。D一对母女虽然性情不同，但从事同样的职业。3.由于外科医生的数量比手术数量增加得快，同时，由于不开刀的药物治疗在越来越多地代替外科手术，近年来每个外科医生的年平均手术量下降了1/4。可以推断，如果这
3、种趋势持续下去，外科医术水平会发生大幅度下降。 以上论证基于以下哪项假设A除非一个外科医生以一定的最小频率做手术，否则他的医术水平不可能适当地保持下去。B外科医生现在将他们的大部分时间用在完成不用开刀的药物治疗工作上。C所有的医生，尤其是外科医生，在医学院所接受的训练比前些年差多了。D每一个外科医生本人的医术水平近年来都有所下降。4.为了测试今后的消费趋势，消费者杂志对读者作了一次消费意向调查，60%的被调查者称计划在3个月内购买一台空调或至少一件其他的家电。消费者杂志因此得出结论，下个季度的社会消费额将可能很高。 以下哪个选项如果为真，最能削弱上述结论A空调的价格可能下调。B家电产品中，各种
4、不同品牌的产品在价格上有很大的差异。C某些抢手的家电产品是进口货，但并不会形成对国内市场的冲击。D被调查者比普通消费者富裕。5.尽管Monroe一贯胃口不好，但是他却非常喜欢他在Tip-Top饭店吃的3顿饭。然而不幸的是他每次在饭后都得了病。第一次他吃了一块巨大的香肠比萨饼外加一道辣椒，第二次他尽其所能吃了“吃你所能吃炸虾”和辣椒特价菜，第三次他就着辣椒吃了两个Tip-Top的大肉团三明治。因为这三顿饭中每次都没有别的菜，只有辣椒，所以Monroe推论出他生病就是因为Tip-Top的辣椒。 Monroe的推理最易受到下面哪一项的批评A作为得出他的结论的基础，在Tip-Top饭店食用的包含辣椒的
5、饭的次数太少了。B他在没有确定假设的原因是否先于假设的结果的情况下，假定了一个因果关系。C他让自己继续在Tip-Top进餐的愿望使他的结论带上了偏见。D他没有证明每个在Tip-Top吃过辣椒的人都生了病。6.在一项实验中，实验对象的一半作为实验组，食用了大量的味精，而作为对照组的另一半没有吃这种味精。结果，实验组的认知能力比对照组差得多。这一不利的结果是由于这种味精的一种主要成分谷氨酸钠造成的。 以下哪项如果为真，则最有助于证明味精某些成分造成这一实验结论A大多数味精消费者不像实验中的人那样食用大量的味精。B上述结论中所提到的谷氨酸钠在所有蛋白质中都有，为了保证营养必须摄入一定量。C实验组中人
6、们所食用的味精数量是在政府食品条例规定的安全用量之内的。D两组实验对象是在实验前按其认知能力均等划分的。7.一些哺乳动物的牙齿上有明显的“年轮”痕迹来自夏天时形成的不透明的牙骨质沉淀和在冬天形成的半透明的牙骨质沉淀的积累。在对一个石器时代的遗址的发掘中发现的猪的牙齿的横断面表明，除最外一层以外，其他的各层“年轮”都有令人惊讶的相似宽度。最外一层大概只有其他各层一半左右的宽度，而且是半透明的。 上文的论述最强地支持了以下哪一项关于这些动物死亡的结论A死在一个反常的初冬。B大约死于相同的年龄。C大约死在一个冬季的中期。D死于一次自然灾害中。8.医生在探索AM的病因时受到了MP这种疾病形成原因的启发
7、。因为这两种病都发生在年龄相似的一类人当中，两种病的明显症状是发高烧、淋巴肿大和缺乏食欲。另外，这两种疾病的潜伏期实际上是相同的。所以，这些医学研究者确信导致这两种疾病的病毒是相似的。 该结论依赖的预设是下面的哪一项AMP这种病比AM这种病对大众健康的危害更严重。B现代医学对于每一种疾病都将最终发现其治疗办法。C拯救人类生命是现代科学技术唯一重要的目标。D具有类似症状的疾病会有类似的原因。9.一项有关国家气象服务局的风暴检测雷达系统测试表明，1957年的系统比新的计算机化系统可靠10倍。因此，用于新雷达系统的技术一定没有用于1957年的雷达系统的技术复杂精密。 以上的结论依赖以下哪项有疑问的假
8、设A风暴检测雷达系统的可靠性是由其故障的频率决定的。B风暴检测雷达系统所使用的技术的复杂精密程度可以由该系统的可靠性来决定。C风暴检测雷达系统的可靠性是由它们预测天气形势的准确性决定的。D计算机硬件是现今用于天气预报服务的新的风暴检测雷达系统中的一个关键的组成部分。10.如果某个人的脑神经联系效能较高，那么他的脑神经联系的能耗较少。有一项实验的内容是，受试者被要求从一大堆抽象的图样中识别出一个样式，然后选择另一种图样来完善这个样式。实验的结果令人吃惊，在实验中表现最出色的受试者正是那些脑神经细胞消耗能量少的人。 以下哪项假说最能够解释此项实验中的发现A当受试者尝试识别样式时，其脑神经细胞的反应
9、比做其他类型的推理少。B实验中在处理抽象样式时表现最佳的受试者比表现差一点的人享受了更多的满足感。C较善于识别抽象样式的人具备更有效能的脑神经联系。D当最初被要求识别的样式选定后，受试者大脑消耗的能量增加。11.外星生命存在的最大机会是在太阳系之外的某颗行星上。单银河系就包含了1000亿颗其他的恒星，它们中的许多恒星可能有类似于地球的行星伴随着，使得它们适合于生命居住。 上面的陈述做了下面哪一个假设A在另一个行星上的生物与地球上的生物有相同的外貌。B生命不可能存在于我们太阳系中的其他行星上。C如果合适的物理条件存在，生命将是一个不可避免的结果。D另一个行星上的生命存在需要有类似于地球上的条件。
10、12.营养学研究发现，在其他条件不变的情况下，如果增加每天吃饭的次数，只要进食总量不显著增加，一个人的血脂水平将显著低于他常规就餐次数时的血脂水平。因此，多餐进食有利于降低血脂。然而，事实上，大多数每日增加就餐次数的人都会吃更多的食物。 上述断定最能支持以下哪项A对于大多数人，增加每天吃饭的次数一般不能导致他的血脂水平显著下降。B对于少数人，增加每天吃饭的次数是降低高血脂的最佳方式。C对于大多数人，每天所吃的食物总量一般不受吃饭次数的影响。D对于大多数人，血脂水平不会受每天所吃食物量的影响。13.大多数抗忧郁药物都会引起体重的增加。尽管在服用这些抗忧郁药物时，节食有助于控制体重的增加，但不可能
11、完全避免这种体重的增加。 以上信息最能支持以下哪项结论A医生不应当给超重的患者开抗忧郁药处方。B至少有些服用抗忧郁药物的人的体重会超重。C至少有些服用抗忧郁药物的人会增加体重。D至少有些服用抗忧郁药物的患者应当通过节食来保持体重。14.市场上有75个品牌的微波爆米花，它们总共占微波食品销售额的一半还多一点。与传统爆米花要花7分钟相比，在微波炉内爆米花只需3分钟。然而，微波爆米花的价钱一般是相同重量的传统爆米花价钱的5倍还多。鉴于微波爆米花受欢迎的程度，很多人愿意为了一点点附加的方便而付高价。 如果上述短文的陈述是正确的，那么下面哪一条也一定是正确的A市场上的微波食品的总数量中，绝大多数是微波爆
12、米花食品。B在市场上，微波爆米花的品牌数目比其他任何的微波食品的数量大。C按体积计算，微波爆米花的销售量比传统爆米花的销售量大。D花费在用3分钟或更少的时间来烹调的微波食品上的钱要比花费在用较长的时间来烹调的传统的同样食品上面的钱多。15.Speaker A: Happy Birthday, Jean. Speaker B: ().A. When is your birthdayB. Oh, why have you bought such an expensive necklace for meC. Happy Birthday to you, too!D. Oh, a present. H
13、ow exciting! A necklace! That’s lovely. Thank you.16.Speaker A: Can you come to my office early to help me with my paper Speaker B: ().A. Thank you for your invitation. I’m sure to be there.B. I’d like to, but I can’t leave until I’ve typed out the letters.C. By all mea
14、ns. I have to finish my own paper first.D. What do you expect me to do for you17.Speaker A: Whats the rate for sending a package of books surface mail to Japan Speaker B: ().A. Do you have any friends in JapanB. 85 cents per pound, but the limit is 11 pounds per package if you want it to go book rat
15、e.C. I’m afraid it will take about days for these books to reach Japan.D. The rate for surface mail is cheaper than that for airmail, but surface mail takes longer.18.Speaker A: Im awfully sorry. I hope I havent spoiled it. Speaker B: ().A. Oh, it’s nothing. Don’t let a little thin
16、g like that worry you.B. I know you are unintentional. Just be more careful next time.C. There is no need for you to say sorry. Anyway, I can buy a new one.D. You are right. You haven’t spoiled it. You see, it’s still in good condition.19.Speaker A: The lights are about off, but Id like
17、to buy some ice-cream before the play starts. Speaker B:().A. Which ice-cream would you like, vanilla or chocolateB. Yes, the lights will be off in five minutes.C. Shall we take our seats now We can always get some later.D. May I have the honor to buy it for you20.Man: I think youd better find anoth
18、er partner. I love table tennis. But I dont think Im improving. Woman: Look, Paul. It is still too early to quit. Nobody expects you to be a superstar. Just keep going and youll get the hang of it. Question: What does the woman mean().A. The man should not dream of being a superstar.B. The man didn&
19、rsquo;t practice hard enough.C. The man should find a new partner.D. The man should not give up.21.Man: I really cant afford any more interruptions right now. Ive got to finish the assignment. Woman: Sorry. Just one more thing, could you give me a ride to school tomorrow Question: What can be inferr
20、ed from the conversation().A. The man will drive the woman to school.B. The man has finished his assignment.C. The man is willing to help the woman.D. The man is losing patience with the woman.22.Woman: My headache is killing me. I thought it was going away, but now it is getting worse and worse. Ma
21、n: I told you yesterday to make an appointment. Question: What does the man mean().A. The woman has been complaining too much.B. The woman’s headache will go away by itself.C. The woman should have seen the doctor earlier.D. The woman should confirm her appointment with the doctor.23.Man: Im e
22、xhausted. I stayed up the whole night studying for my midterm math exam. Woman: But why do you always wait until the last minute Question: What does the woman imply().A. The man is usually the last to hand in his test paper.B. The man has made a mess of his midterm exam.C. The man has bad study habi
23、ts.D. The man is a diligent student.24.It was not discussed or proposed that I () invited to become Chairman.A. would beB. could beC. beD. was25.By the end of this century, the population of the world (), and so may the population of the small country.A. will be doubledB. may be doubleC. will have t
24、o be doubledD. may have been doubled26.All that he had learned only made him feel how little he knew in comparison with () remained to be known.A. what wasB. whatC. which wasD. that27.Man: Have you any idea what Jack Johnsons doing these days Woman: Do you know, Ive lost track of him. Question: What
25、 does the woman mean().A. She has no idea where Jack is.B. She last saw Jack at the race track.C. She’s been trying to track Jack.D. Jack was lately seen driving a truck.28.I must try to make () as I can of this project which I have undertaken.A. as a logical surveyB. such a logical surveyC. t
26、he same logical surveyD. as logical a survey29.()divorce is often the only satisfactory solution for married couples who can no longer stand the sight of each other, it can have a shocking effect on their kids.A. SinceB. WhileC. AsD. Unless30.It looks like a terrible tiger but actually, () of presse
27、d paper, it softens when damp and is washed away in a heavy rain.A. madeB. having been madeC. to be madeD. being made31.The microscope opened up to man another strange new world: a world of things too near and small for anyone () the scientist to know much about or do much about.A. besidesB. apart f
28、romC. butD. without32.He would have finished his university study but he () to quit and find a job to support his family.A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have33.I could just see a bike in the distance, but I couldnt () what color it was.A. make outB. make senseC. make wayD. make for34.The police accus
29、ed him of setting fire to the building but he denied () in the area on the night of the fire.A. to beB. to have beenC. having beenD. be35.The salesmans () annoyed the old lady, but finally she gave in.A. enduranceB. assistanceC. persistenceD. resistance36.A () of the long report by the budget commit
30、tee was submitted to the mayor for approval.A. scratchB. schemeC. scheduleD. sketch37.I try to relax because I knew I would use up my oxygen the sooner ().A. the more excited I gotB. I got excited moreC. and more excited I gotD. and I got more excited38.() preparations were being made for the Prime
31、Ministers official visit to the four universities.A. WiseB. ElaborateC. OptionalD. Neutral39.The engine has more than 300 (), made of a number of different materials.A. compositionsB. compoundsC. constitutionsD. components40.This local evening paper has a () of twenty-five thousand.A. numberB. contr
32、ibutionC. circulationD. celebration41.() your poor record in school, we think you should study harder.A. In spite ofB. In view ofC. In charge ofD. In case of42.Health-care services will account for almost one-fifth of all job growth during the 19962005 period. Home health-care aids will assist the e
33、lderly, disabled, and seriously ill in the patient’s home instead of a health facility. A large number of openings for this field is expected due to very rapid growth and high turnover. In fact, home health-care aids are expected to more than double in number by the end of 2005.Part of the rea
34、son for this increase is the growing population of elderly people. The number of people in their 70s and older is projected to rise substantially. This age group is characterized by mounting health problems that require assistance. There will also be an increasing reliance on home care for patients
35、of all ages. This trend reflects several developments: Efforts to contain (抑制，控制) costs by moving patients out of hospitals and nursing facilities as quickly as possible; the realization that treatment can be more effective in familiar surroundings; and the development of portable medical equipment
36、for in-home treatment.Turnover in this field is high, which is a reflection of the relatively low skill requirements, low pay, and high emotional demands of the work. Therefore, people who are interested in this work and properly suited for it should have excellent job opportunities, particularly th
37、ose with previous experience.Physical therapy, too. is predicted to increase rapidly through 2005. A growing population of elderly people, who are vulnerable to chronic and debilitating (虚弱的) conditions, means that more therapeutic services will be needed. More young people will also need physical t
38、herapy as medical advances save the lives of a larger proportion of newborns with severe birth defects. Growth will also result from advances in medical technology that permit the treatment of more disabling conditions. In the past, for example, the development of hip and knee replacements for those
39、 with arthritis gave rise to employment for physical therapists to improve flexibility and strengthen weak muscles.The growing interest in health promotion should also increase the demand for physical therapy services. More employers are now evaluating work sites, developing exercise programs, and t
40、eaching safe work habits to employees in the hope of reducing injuries.A shortage of physical therapists that once existed has all but disappeared. The number of physical-therapy education programs has increased, and more graduates have moved into the labor force. Most graduates receive multiple job
41、 offers, and job prospects are expected to continue to be excellent. Physical therapists who are willing to work in rural areas will experience even better opportunities.The increase in home health care aids is partly due to ().A. the declining services in some health facilitiesB. the growing popula
42、tion of elderly peopleC. the rising costs of staying in hospitalD. the mounting health problems among newborns43.Though () in New York, Dave had always preferred to live in a small town.A. grownB. raisedC. developedD. entitled44.Geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land.
43、 Geographers compare and contrast various places on the earth. But they also (51) beyond the individual places and consider the earth as a whole. The English word geography means to describe the earth. (52) geography books focus on a small area like a town or city. Others deal with a state, a region
44、, a nation, or an (53) continent. Many geography books deal with the whole earth. Another (54) to divide the study of geography is to distinguish between physical geography and cultural geography. The former focuses on the natural world; the (55) starts with human beings and studies how human beings
45、 and their environment act (56) each other. But when geography is considered as a single subject, (57) branch can neglect the other. A geographer might be described as one who observes, records, and explains the (58) between places. If all places (59) alike, there would be little need for geographer
46、s. We know, however, that no two places are exactly the same. Geography, (60) is a point of view, a special way of looking at place.51().A.passB.reachC.goD.set45.With the possible exception of equal rights, perhaps the most controversial issue across the United States today is the death penalty. Man
47、y argue that it is an effective deterrent (威慑) to murder, while others maintain there is no convincing evidence that the death penalty reduces the number of murders.The principal argument advanced by those opposed to the death penalty. basically, is that Lt is cruel and inhuman punishment, that it is the mark of a brutal society, and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to crime anyway.In our opinion, the death penalty is a necessary evil. Throughout recorded history there have always been those extreme indi