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1、Module 3The Violence of Nature The Violence of NatureModule 31.1.1集合的概念Module 3 第二课时第二课时第二课时第二课时Grammar IEveryday English and Function1.1.1集合的概念Module 3Module 3 第二课时第二课时课内合作探究课内合作探究 2课后强化作业课后强化作业 5新课标语法新课标语法 3基基 础础 巩巩 固固 4课前自主预习课前自主预习1Module 3 第二课时第二课时课前自主预习课前自主预习Module 3 第二课时第二课时.过去完成时的被动结构根据汉语完成句子
2、。By the time the tornado ended，more than 700 people_.到龙卷风结束时，700多人已经死亡了。 C o g h l a n t r a v e l l e d b a c k t o C a n a d a a f t e r he_in Texas!科格伦在埋葬在得克萨斯州之后又回到了加拿大！had been killedhad been buriedModule 3 第二课时第二课时Many tall buildings had been built in this city_last year.到去年年底这个城市建起了许多高楼大厦。 S
3、i x h u n d r e d t r e e s h a d b e e n p l a n t e d b y them_.到上星期三之前他们已经种了600棵树了。by the end ofbefore last WednesdayModule 3 第二课时第二课时.间接引语根据汉语完成句子。He said，“I am working now.”He said that he_then.他说他那时正在工作。She said，“Do you often come here to read newspapers？”She_me if/whether I often_there to rea
4、d newspapers.她问我是不是经常去那里读报。was workingaskedwentModule 3 第二课时第二课时He asked，“Where do you live？”He asked me_.他问我住在哪里。“Go out！”the man said to the boy.The man_the boy_go out.那人命令男孩出去。where I lived ordered to Module 3 第二课时第二课时课内合作探究课内合作探究Module 3 第二课时第二课时1.ruin1)n. 倒塌的建筑物；废墟常用于结构：be/lie in ruins 破烂不堪；呈一片
5、废墟Did you see the ruins of a bombedout office block?你见到过被炸毁的办公楼的废墟吗？ The castle now lies in ruins.这座城堡已成为一片废墟了。Module 3 第二课时第二课时2)vt.(完全地)毁坏；毁掉；使破产She poured water all over the painting and ruined it.她把水倒在这幅画上，把画毁了。I was ruined by that law case.我被那场官司搞得倾家荡产。Module 3 第二课时第二课时知识拓展be in ruins 呈一片废墟fall
6、 into ruin 已成废墟bring sth.to ruin 使毁灭come to ruin 毁灭；落空go to ruin 毁灭ruin oneself 自我毁灭Module 3 第二课时第二课时词语辨析ruin，destroyModule 3 第二课时第二课时即学即用语法填空Her injury_(ruin)her chances of winning the race this time but she will keep on doing her best to achieve her dream.答案：has ruined句意：她的伤病毁灭了她这次赢得比赛的机会，但是她会为了实现
7、自己的梦想继续努力。ruin“毁坏；毁灭”，后可接抽象名词，符合题意。Module 3 第二课时第二课时2erupt vi.(火山的)爆发；喷发；突然发生The volcano erupted and killed all the dinosaurs.火山爆发，杀死了所有的恐龙。Laughter erupted from the audience.观众爆发出笑声。Violence erupted in the city after the football match.足球赛后城市发生了暴力事件。Module 3 第二课时第二课时词语辨析erupt，explode，burstModule 3
8、第二课时第二课时知识拓展eruption n. U，C(火山的)爆发；喷发；突发The eruption of volcano makes many people lose their lives.火山的爆发使许多人丧失了生命。It resulted in the eruption of the crisis in Asia.那件事促成了亚洲危机的发生。Module 3 第二课时第二课时即学即用语法填空I t w a s d u r i n g t h e n i g h t t h a t t h e v o l c a n o _(erupt)suddenly，so few people
9、survived.答案：erupted句意：火山是在晚上突然爆发的，所以几乎没人活下来。erupt指火山的“喷发”。符合题意。Module 3 第二课时第二课时3previous adj. 先的；前的；以前的Who was the previous owner of the car?这辆汽车以前的车主是谁？Have you had previous career experience?你过去有过工作经验吗？Module 3 第二课时第二课时搭配previous to 在之前His father died two hours previous to his arrival.他父亲在他到达之前两小
10、时去世了。Previous to leaving for France，he studied a lot about the country.他在启程去法国前，对有关法国的事情作了相当多的研究。Module 3 第二课时第二课时词语辨析previous，formerHe said he had arrived on the previous night.他说他是前一天夜里到达的。She is my former landlady.她是我以前的房东。previous指的是按时间和次序在某物之前。former指从前的，而不是现在的。Module 3 第二课时第二课时即学即用语法填空In the o
11、pening ceremony，the_championship，wearing his gold medal，lit the flame gladly.答案：previous句意：在开幕式上，上一届冠军戴着金牌高兴地点燃了圣火。previous“先前的；早先的”，符合题意。Module 3 第二课时第二课时4possibility n. 可能；可能性；可能发生的事(常用复数)Is there any possibility of your getting to London this week?本周你有可能去伦敦吗？What seemed impossible seems a distinc
12、t possibility.过去看似不可能的事现在显然有可能了。知识拓展possible adj. 可能的Ill do everything possible to help you.我会尽一切可能帮助你。Module 3 第二课时第二课时词语辨析possible，probable，likelypossible指由于有适当的条件和方法，某事可能发生或做到，强调“客观上有可能”，但常含有“实际希望很小”的意思。probable语气比possible强，指有根据、合情理、值得相信的事物，带有“大概”、“很可能”的意思。likely是常用词，指从表面迹象来看很有可能。Module 3 第二课时第二课
13、时Frost is possible，although unlikely，at this time of year.在一年中的这个时候，下霜也是可能的，虽然可能性并不大。Its highly probable that they will win the match.他们很可能会赢得这场比赛。Its very likely to clear up by and by.很可能不久要放晴了。Module 3 第二课时第二课时即学即用语法填空(1)Is there any possibility_you could pike me up at the airport?No problem.答案：th
14、at题意：“你有可能去机场接我吗？”“没问题。”possibility后是说明其内容的同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，故用that引导。Module 3 第二课时第二课时根据汉语提示完成句子(2)人们在进行滑板运动时，会意识到可能受伤吗？Is everyone aware of_injury when skateboarding?答案：the possibility ofModule 3 第二课时第二课时5terrifying adj. 吓人的；可怕的Last night I heard a terrifying sound.昨晚我听到了可怕的声音。知识拓展1)terrified adj. 恐惧的
15、；受惊吓的He was terrified at the sight.看到这景象他吓了一跳。2)terrify vt. 使恐怖；恐吓The noise which he had made terrified me.他弄的这些声音吓了我一跳。Module 3 第二课时第二课时3)英语中一些表心理变化的动词，其ing和ed形式通常起形容词作用，在句中作定语或表语。ing形式表示“令人的”；ed形式表示“某人感到的”。常见的成对的形容词有：interesting 有趣的；引起兴趣的/interested 对感兴趣的surprising 令人惊奇的/surprised 对感到惊奇的exciting 令
16、人兴奋的/excited 对感到兴奋的moving 感动人的/moved 受感动的inspiring 鼓舞人心的/inspired 受到鼓舞的puzzling 令人迷惑的/puzzled 感到迷惑的Module 3 第二课时第二课时即学即用语法填空The little girl stood there，not knowing what to do，_(terrify)by what she had seen.答案：terrified根据句子结构可知，该句不是并列句。terrify意为“使害怕”，与句子主语之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故应用动词ed形式。Module 3 第二课时第二课时6lucki
17、ly/fortunately 幸运地是(常用作插入语，放在句首，用逗号隔开)Luckily/Fortunately，I passed the exam.幸运的是，我考试及格了。知识拓展1)反义词：unluckily/unfortunatelyUnluckily/Unfortunately，he didnt get the job.不幸的是，他没有得到这份工作。Module 3 第二课时第二课时2)lucky/fortunate adj. 好运的，幸运的It was lucky/fortunate that I met you here.我在这儿见到你真走运。I was very lucky(f
18、ortunate)to get a copy so cheap.我这么便宜地买到一本，真是幸运极了。3)luck n. 运气fortune n. 运气；财富4)常用来修饰全句的副词有：f o r t u n a t e l y / l u c k i l y ( 幸 运 地 ) ；unfortunately/unluckily(不幸的是)；thankfully(感谢地)；hopefully(满怀希望地)；sadly(悲伤地)；happily(高兴地)。Module 3 第二课时第二课时即学即用语法填空_(fortunate), the fire was discovered soon afte
19、r it had started.答案：Fortunately题意：幸运的是，大火刚着不久就被发现了。fortunately“幸运地”，符合题意。 Module 3 第二课时第二课时7warning n. 警告；告诫Thanks to my mothers warning，I didnt get caught in the rain.多亏了妈妈的警告，我没有挨雨淋。There is a warning on the bottle of the medicine.那药瓶上标有注意事项。Module 3 第二课时第二课时知识拓展warn vt.1)(常与of，against/about连用)警告；
20、提醒；告诫I was warned of the man.有人警告我要提防那个男人。Our teacher warned him against smoking.我们老师警告他不要吸烟。上句也可说成：Our teacher warned him not to smoke.Module 3 第二课时第二课时Module 3 第二课时第二课时I warned him of the danger.我提醒他有危险。He had been warned not to talk to anyone.已警告过他不要与任何人交谈。He warned me against crossing the street
21、 at that place.他警告我不要在那个地方过马路。Module 3 第二课时第二课时即学即用语法填空My father warned me_going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.答案：against考查介词用法。句意：我父亲警告我不要去西海岸，因为那里挤满了游客。句中谓语动词warned和介词against搭配，构成warn sb.against doing sth.相当于warn sb.not to do sth, 意思是“警告某人不要干某事”。Module 3 第二课时第二课时8thankfull
22、y1)adv. 幸亏There was a fire in the building，but thankfully no one was hurt.大楼失火了，但幸好没有伤着人。Thankfully，the house was empty when I got home.谢天谢地，我到家的时候房子还空着。2)adv. 高兴地；感激地I accepted the invitation thankfully.我愉快地接受了邀请。Module 3 第二课时第二课时知识拓展thank v. 谢谢；感谢thankless adj. 不感激的；不领情的thanks n. 感谢；感激Thanksgiving
23、 n. 感恩节Module 3 第二课时第二课时即学即用语法填空_(thankful)，I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.答案：Thankfullythankfully用于表示高兴或宽慰，意为“感激地，满怀感谢地；感到欣慰地，感到高兴地”。符合题意。Module 3 第二课时第二课时9hopefully adv. 满怀希望地；有希望地The fans waited hopefully in the hall to see their favourite singer.歌迷们满怀希望地在大
24、厅里等待，以期见到他们最喜欢的歌手。Hopefully well have finished the project by the end of this month.我们有希望于本月底结束这项工程。Module 3 第二课时第二课时知识拓展hopeful adj.满怀希望的；有希望的He was the most hopeful candidate for the presidency.他是最有希望当选总统的候选人。Im hopeful that hell arrive early.他会早到的，我对此抱有希望。Module 3 第二课时第二课时即学即用语法填空The committee is
25、 discussing the problem right now.It will_(hopeful)have been solved by the end of next week.答案：hopefully考查副词辨义。hopefully“有希望地”，符合题意。句意：委员会正在讨论这个问题，有希望在下个周末得到解决。Module 3 第二课时第二课时10sadly adv.伤心地；不幸地He stared sadly at the ruins of his house.他悲伤地凝视着他那坍塌的房屋。Sadly，he died before he could see his grandchil
26、d.不幸的是，在看到孙子之前他就去世了。知识拓展sad adj. 悲伤的；难过的sadness n(sad 悲哀ness名词后缀)悲哀，悲伤Module 3 第二课时第二课时即学即用语法填空They looked_(sad)at the burnt clothes and didnt know_to do.答案：sadly；what第一个空格为副词sadly修饰短语动词look at；第二个空格为“what不定式”结构。句意：他们伤心地看着被烧坏的衣服，不知所措。Module 3 第二课时第二课时11manage vi.设法，努力，争取；管理We managed to get what we
27、wanted.我们设法得到了我们想要的东西。We finally managed to get there in time.最后我们及时赶到了那里。The old man is managing the store all by himself.这个老人独自经营这家商店。Module 3 第二课时第二课时搭配manage to do设法做成注意：manage后只能接动词不定式作宾语，不可接动名词。英语中很多词都是强调结果的，如果做不到或不成功就不能使用，manage就是其中一个。此外还有：escape(逃脱)与flee(逃跑)；persuade(说服)与advise(劝说)；save(救出)与
28、rescue(营救)；see(看到)与look(看)；be able to(强调做到)与can(只强调可能性)；shoot at(向射击)与shoot(射中)；listen(听)与hear(听见)等。Module 3 第二课时第二课时辨析manage，tryThey tried time and time again and at last they managed to escape to South America.他们试了一次又一次，最后设法逃到了南美。manage to do强调结果，表示“设法做成了”某事。try to do表示“试图做”，“设法做”强调动作，但不表示成功与否。Mod
29、ule 3 第二课时第二课时拓展manager nC经理management nU管理即学即用语法填空The readings in the paper is rather difficult，but the girl managed_read it over and got the general idea.答案：to句意：报上的内容很难，但这个姑娘却读通了它，还了解了其大意。manage to do sth.“设法做成了某事”，强调结果，符合题意。Module 3 第二课时第二课时1.according to.根据；按照；据所说；按所记载According to todays newspa
30、per，the chairman has gone abroad.据今天的报纸报道，主席已经出国了。According to the radio，it will be snowy today.据广播报道，今天将会下雪。Module 3 第二课时第二课时知识拓展accord n. 一致；符合；vi.& vt. 相符合；一致；授予；赠予accordance n. 一致；和谐in accord with 与一致；与相符with one accord 一致地；一致同意地of ones own accord 出于自愿；主动地in accordance with 与一致；按照We acted in acc
31、ordance with your wish.我们是按你们的意愿办事的。Module 3 第二课时第二课时即学即用翻译句子据米克说，这是一部了不起的电影。_答案：According to Mick，its a great movie.Module 3 第二课时第二课时2catch fire 着火This material is not easy to catch fire.这种材料不易着火。Take that carpet awayit might catch fire.把那块地毯拿开，它可能会着火。Module 3 第二课时第二课时联想Module 3 第二课时第二课时即学即用语法填空The
32、 pile of paper cant_fire；someone must have_fire to it.答案：catch；set题意：这堆纸不会自己着火，肯定是有人点着的。catch fire“着火”，侧重动作，均为固定搭配。Module 3 第二课时第二课时3put out 扑灭(火)；关(灯)；伸出；生产；出版The firemen soon put the fire out.消防队员不久就扑灭了那场火。The doctor told the boy to put out his tongue.医生让男孩把舌头伸出来。The plant puts out 50 cars a week.
33、这个工厂每周生产50辆汽车。Module 3 第二课时第二课时They have put out a weekly newspaper.他们已经出版了一份周报。Module 3 第二课时第二课时词语辨析put out，go outThe fire spread so quickly that they couldnt put it out.火势蔓延太快， 他们无法将其扑灭。There was a power cut and all the lights went out.停电了，所有的灯都熄灭了。put out及物动词短语，表示“扑灭(火)；关(灯)”，其后必须跟宾语。go out不及物动词短
34、语，表示自行“熄灭”，其后不能跟宾语。Module 3 第二课时第二课时即学即用语法填空The fire was_at the cost of a firemans life.答案：put out句意：这场火灾的扑灭是以一位消防队员的生命为代价的。put out“扑灭；熄灭”，为及物动词短语，符合题意。Module 3 第二课时第二课时4take place 发生；举行The story took place in a seaside village.这个故事发生在海边的一个村子里。When will the football match take place?足球比赛什么时候举行？Modul
35、e 3 第二课时第二课时词语辨析take place，occur，happentake place作“发生”讲时较为正式，不带有偶然之义，并经常用来指事先安排的事情。occur多用来指具体事情的发生，虽也可指偶然性，但与happen相比程度较弱。happen 常用来表示“偶然发生；碰巧出现”，而且多指整个情况，这时不能用以上两个词代替。Module 3 第二课时第二课时When will the wedding take place?婚礼何时举行？Thunderstorms often occur in summer.雷雨常发生于夏天。How did the accident happen?事
36、故是如何发生的？Module 3 第二课时第二课时即学即用Have you heard of the story The Merchant of Venice?No.When and where did the story the_？答案：place题意：“你听说过威尼斯商人这个故事吗？”“没有。这个故事是在什么时间什么地方发生的？”take place“发生”，符合题意。Module 3 第二课时第二课时新课标语法新课标语法Module 3 第二课时第二课时图解语法助记()Module 3 第二课时第二课时表解语法助记()过去完成时的被语态由“助动词hadbeen过去分词”构成。规 则 说
37、明例句表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的被动动作。该动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”；这一过去时间可用by，at，before等构成的短语或when，after，until等引导的从句或通过上下文来表示。The project had been completed by the end of 1990.这项工程已于1990年底竣工。The classroom had been cleaned before we came.我们来之前，教室已被打扫干净。The dog had been tortured after he was stolen from his owners yard.这只狗
38、自它被从主人的院子里偷走后受尽了虐待。Module 3 第二课时第二课时规 则 说 明例句表示从过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的被动动作，该动作可能还要延续下去；常和for或since引导的表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。The sale had been advertised for several weeks before it started.这场拍卖会在开始之前已经做了好几个星期的广告。用在表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从句中。If the work had been done earlier，it would have already been finished.如果早点做这项工作
39、，就已经做完了。用在含有被动形式的间接引语或宾语从句中，常放在像said，told，thought，wondered等过去时动词后面，表示在这些动作之前已经发生的动作。My classmate told me that he had been punished by his teacher.我同学告诉我他已经受到了老师的惩罚。We all thought he had been killed in the plane crash.我们都以为他在飞机失事中丧生了。Module 3 第二课时第二课时图解语法助记()Module 3 第二课时第二课时表解语法助记()(1)时态变化规 则 说 明例句若
40、主句动词为现在时，间接引语的动词时态不变。She says，“He was very kind.”She says that he was very kind.她说他很友善。若主句动词为过去时，间接引语动词的时态变化如下：现在时过去时过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时过去完成时The girl asked，“Have you seen such a little dog passing by？”The girl asked if I had seen such a little dog passing by.小姑娘问我是否看见一只小狗经过这里。Module 3 第二课时第二课时规 则 说 明例句表
41、示不变的真理或事实，或表示历史上的事实，或有明确的表示时间的状语时，间接引语中动词的时态不变。“Two and two make(s)four，”he said.He said that two and two make(s)four.他说2加2等于4。The teacher said，“Columbus discovered America in 1492.”The teacher said that Columbus discovered America in 1492.老师说哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。Module 3 第二课时第二课时直接引语时态间接引语时态一般现在时一般过去时一般将
42、来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时一般过去时过去完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时Module 3 第二课时第二课时(2)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向性动词的变化引语变化成分直接引语间接引语指示词thisthatthesethose时间状语nowthentodaythat daythis eveningthat eveningyesterdaythe day beforethe previous dayyesterday morningthe morning beforelast nightthe night beforeModule 3 第二课时第二课时引语变化成分直接引语
43、间接引语时间状语two days agotwo days beforenext weekthe next weekthe following weektomorrowthe next daythe following daythe day beforetwo days beforethe day after tomorrowin two days timetwo days after地点状语herethere方向性动词bringtakecomegoModule 3 第二课时第二课时Jack said，“I have been working here for a dozen years.”Ja
44、ck said that he had been working there for a dozen years.杰克说他在那儿工作12年了。He said to me，“I read it yesterday.”He told me that he had read it the day before.他告诉我他昨天已经读过了。The teacher said，“Please bring all the books downstairs up here.”The teacher asked the students to take all the books downstairs up th
45、ere.老师让学生把楼下所有的书拿到楼上来。Module 3 第二课时第二课时(3)人称的变化 规 则 说 明例句直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词要作相应的变动，使其与动词的人称一致。如果直接引语是第一人称，变为间接引语时，一般要变为第三人称；第二人称变为第三人称或第一人称；第三人称一般不做改变。He said to Tom，“We have made a mistake.”He said to Tom that they had made a mistake.他对汤姆说他们犯了一个错误。Jane told me，“Im going to invite all my friends to my
46、 party.”Jane told me that she was going to invite all her friends to her party.简告诉我说她要邀请她所有的朋友来参加聚会。“Ill let you know as soon as I get the tickets.”he told me.He told me that he would let me know as soon as he got the tickets.他告诉我说他一搞到票就通知我。Module 3 第二课时第二课时即学即用语法填空(1)George and Lucy got married las
47、t month.Did you go to their wedding?No，I_(invite)答案：hadnt been invited句意：“乔治和露西上月结婚了。你去参加他们的婚礼了吗？”“没有。我没被邀请”。婚礼是在上个月举行，被邀请应是在婚礼举行之前，所以是过去的过去，应用过去完成时的被动语态。Module 3 第二课时第二课时(2)Although the city_(strike)by storms several times，little damage was done.答案：had been struck句意：虽然这个城市几次遭到暴风雨的袭击，但几乎没有受到损坏。动词str
48、ike与主语the city之间是动宾关系，因此用被动语态。strike这一动作发生在was done之前，即“过去的过去”，因此用过去完成时。Module 3 第二课时第二课时(3)What made the school famous was that more than 90% of the students_(admit)to key universities.答案：had been admitted句意：使这所学校出名的是90%的学生被重点大学录取。more than 90% of the students与admit之间是被动关系，且admit这一动作发生在谓语动词之前，故用过去完
49、成时的被动结构。Module 3 第二课时第二课时(4)I beg your pardon?I want to buy toothpaste.Oh.You said_wanted to buy toothpaste.答案：you句意：“请再说一遍好吗？”“我想买牙膏。”“哦。你说你想买牙膏。”直接引语变为间接引语时，第一人称要改为与引述部分主语一致的人称。Module 3 第二课时第二课时(5)Ann，what did the teacher say?She said_film was moving.答案：that句意：“安，老师说什么了？”“她说那部电影很感人。”在直接引语中指示代词用thi
50、s，在间接引语中用that。( 6 ) H e t o l d m e t h a t h e w o u l d g o t o t h e z o o _(tomorrow)答案：the next day句意：他告诉我说他第二天要去动物园。在间接引语中表示将来的时间状语tomorrow要变为the next day或the following day。Module 3 第二课时第二课时(7)Tim_(ask)me to repeat my address.答案：asked句意：蒂姆要我重复一下自己的地址。若直接引语是表示请求或命令的祈使句，变为间接引语时，应使用ask sb.(not)to