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1、高考英语题型专项训练高考英语题型专项训练短文改错短文改错乌海市第六中学英语组乌海市第六中学英语组 付成明付成明 2012. 4.12本讲座后我们应该知道：本讲座后我们应该知道：1. 短文改错的命题原则2. 短文改错的基本考点3. 短文改错的基本解题思路和方法短文改错的命题原则短文改错的命题原则:1.话题：贴近中学生生活易于理解2.字数：120左右类似于学生习作3.考点：学生习作中常犯的错误短文改错的基本考点：短文改错的基本考点：1. 名词与冠词2. 代词3. 形容词与副词4. 动词5. 介词6. 连词短文改错的基本解题思路和方法：短文改错的基本解题思路和方法：语法分析法语法分析法解题的关键是能
2、够解题的关键是能够快速识别和准确分析英语的快速识别和准确分析英语的7个基本个基本句型结构！句型结构！1. I am a senior three student. 主语 系动词 表语2. My school lies on the bank of the Huanghe river. 主语 谓语(vi) 地点状语3. I like playing basketball after class. 主语 谓语(vt) 宾语 时间状语4. I gave him some advice on learning English. 主语 谓语(vt) 间接宾语 直接宾语 定语5. I found a st
3、ranger come into the room. 主语 谓语(vt) 宾语 宾补英语的五个基本句型结构：英语的五个基本句型结构： 1.主+系+表 2.主+谓(vi)(+状) 3.主+谓(vt)+宾 4.主+谓(vt)+双宾 5.主+谓(vt)+宾+补Notice: 1.还有两个常用的句型： It 句型和there be 结构2.动词是灵魂，每一个句型都取决于它的谓语动词的搭配和惯用法一、解答该题的误区：1. 思路不清，考点不清，指令不准；（思路）思路不清，考点不清，指令不准；（思路）2. 边读边改，怀疑一切，打倒一切！（方法）边读边改，怀疑一切，打倒一切！（方法）二、考点解析：1. 名词1
4、. This is very useful dictionary.2. They went back and found bag they lost. 3. I can find so many friend in my daily life.4. The English is widely used in the world. 5. He says that it is waste of time to walk there.athe_friendsa可数（单、复数）不可数冠词（鱼水关系）可数名词不可数名词（抽象、物质）a bookthe bookbooks waterstudy/idea1
5、.have a look/bath/break 2.the water in the bottle 3.waters along the coast/vegetables 4.(set phrases)名名词词2. 代词代词1. My teacher said me could win the first prize.2. I made up mine mind to catch up with my desk mate.3. I remember this was my first visit to the park.4. Ive lost my pen, so Ill go to buy
6、it in the store.5. We enjoyed themselves at the party.6. All of the boys parents are teachers. _I_my_that/it_one_ourselves1.人称代词：主格、宾格2.物主代词：形容词性和名词性3.指示代词：it, one, this, that, those4.反身代词的对应关系5.不定代词：可数与否；数量意义_Both3. 形容词、副词形容词、副词1. It was clearly that things were not going well.2. I think it is real
7、ly a successfully experience.3. I thought I sang well than ever.4. I unable to control myself and forgot his advice._clearsuccessfulbetterwas形容词、副词形容词、副词相互转换相互转换三级变化三级变化原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级形容词或副词跟在形容词或副词跟在be动词后作表语。动词后作表语。4. 动词动词1. I meet my old friend in that store the other day.2. My parents are suppor
8、t my choice.3. We advised that he goes to see the doctor at once.4. Tom was the only one of the students who were punished for that.5. (2005 浙江 短文改错 83)I found the game excited, and my _metsupportinggowasexciting6. I had my hair cutting yesterday.7. “let me to examine you.” said the doctor.8. The wo
9、rkers were made work over 12 hours a day.tocut_动词谓语动词非谓语动词时态语态语气主谓一致V-ingV-edto do sth.情态动词情态动词5. 介词介词1. From then on, weve kept touch with each other.2. We must study hard in order to serve for the people better in the future.3. We went to visit the park in March 9, Sunday.4. I received the award i
10、nstead my desk mate.in_onof介词:固定搭配；多词或少词；错词；注重上下文逻辑关系。6. 连词连词and-but-or so-becausetherefore, howeverthat-whichthat-what分辨从句的类型：定语从句状语从句名词性从句三、基本思路与方法三、基本思路与方法1.通读一遍，了解大意，把握三点：人称代词 全文主时态 行文逻辑（连词、副词、介词）2. 语法结构分析法：以句号或问号或感叹号为界逗号（短语或从句）连词（从句）简单句5个基本句型结构（先主干，后次要）（主、谓、宾、表、定、状、补）短语多词少词错词注意指令符号的正确使用（不得分甚至扣分，扣大分）！12 121 17 7 8