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1、2021年北京专升本考试考试模拟卷（3）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.利息率的变动区间是（）。A利润率和零之间B平均利润率和零之间C剩余价值率和零之间D年剩余价值率和零之间2.社会主义社会实行按劳分配的经济前提是（）。A.劳动仅仅是个人谋生的手段B.旧的社会分工的存在C.生产资料社会主义公有制D.社会生产力发展水平3.一种商品价格下降对其互补品最直接的影响是（）。A.互补品的需求曲线向左移动B.互补品的需求曲线向右移动C.互补品的供给曲线向右移动D.互补品的价格下降4.假设
2、某商品的需求曲线为Q=3-9P，市场上该商品的均衡价格为4，那么，当需求曲线变为Q=5-9P，均衡价格将（）。A.大于4B.小于4C.等于4D.小于等于45.均衡价格是（）。A.固定不变的价格B.厂商期望的价格C.供给量和需求量相等时的价格D.消费者期望的价格6.消费者的预算线反映了（）。A.消费者的收入约束B.消费者的偏好C.消费者的需求D.消费者效用最大化状态7.如果是连续地增加某种生产要素，在总产量达到最大时，边际产量曲线（）。A.与纵轴相交B.经过原点C.与平均产量曲线相交D.与横轴相交8.下列说法中正确的是（）。A.边际报酬递减是规模递减造成的B.生产要素的边际技术替代率递减是规模报
3、酬递减规律造成的C.规模报酬递减是边际报酬规律造成的D.生产要素的边际技术替代率递减是边际报酬递减规律造成的9.使用自有资金也应计算利息，这种利息从成本角度看是（）。A.固定成本B.隐含成本C.会计成本D.生产成本10.短期平均成本曲线成为u形的原因与（）。A.规模报酬有关B.与外部经济有关C.要素的边际报酬变动有关D.与规模不经济有关11.已知产量为8个单位时，总成本为80元，当产量增加到9个单位时，平均成本为11元，那么此时的边际成本为（）。A.1元B.88元C.19元D.20元12.在一般情况下，厂商得到的价格若低于（）就停止营业。A.平均成本B.平均可变成本C.边际成本D.平均固定成本
4、13.垄断厂商面临的需求曲线是（）。A.向右下倾斜的B.向右上倾斜的C.垂直的D.水平的14.当垄断市场的需求富有弹性时（）。A.边际收益与边际成本之间的差额较大B.边际收益与价格之间的差额较大C.边际收益与价格之间的差额为0D.边际收益与价格之间的差额较小15.甲、乙两人现有的效用水平分别为20和30,资源的再配置使得两人的效用发生了变化,属与帕累托改进的一种变动是（）。A.甲的效用变为23，乙的效用变为29B.甲的效用变为18，乙的效用变为35C.甲的效用变为20，乙的效用变为36D.甲的效用变为30，乙的效用变为2716.基尼系数可根据洛伦茨曲线计算，基尼系数的变大表示（）。A.洛伦茨曲
5、线向45°线移动B.不平等的增加C.不平等的减少D.不平等没有改变17.在完全竞争市场上，厂商短期均衡的条件是（）。A.P=ARB.P=ACC.P=MRD.P=MC18.国民生产总值与国民生产净值之间的差别是（）。A.直接税B.折旧C.间接税D.净出口19.从社会角度来看，效率要求（）之间相等。A社会边际收益和社会边际成本B社会边际收益和私人边际收益C社会边际成本和私人边际收益D社会边际成本和私人边际成本20.下列哪一项不是转移支付（）。A.退伍军人的津贴B.失业救济金C.贫困家庭补贴D.政府支付房屋租金21.IS曲线上的每一点都表示（）。A.投资等于储蓄的收入和利率的组合B.投资等于
6、储蓄的均衡的贷币量C.贷币需求等于贷币供给的均衡贷币量D.产品市场和贷币市场同时均衡的收入22.经济中存在失业时，应采取的财政政策工具是（）。A增加政府支出B提高个人所得税C提高公司所得税D增加货币发行量23.采用消费、投资、政府购买的净出口来核算GDP的方法是（）。A.生产法B.收入法C.支出法D.增值法24.某封闭经济体居民边际消费倾向为0.9，增加政府购买100亿元，可使均衡国民收入增加（）。A.90亿B.900亿C.1000亿D.1100亿25.追求利润的企业面对拟投资项目，决定投资与否的条件是（）。A.资本边际效率不高于利息率B.资本边际效率不低于利息率C.资本边际效率不高于投资的边
7、际效率D.资本边际效率不低于投资的边际效率26.根据凯恩斯绝对收入假说，随着收入增加（）。A.消费增加，储蓄下降B.消费下降，储蓄增加C.消费增加，储蓄增加D.消费下降，储蓄下降27.中央银行规定准备金率为10%，商业银行的超额准备金率平均为10%，若基础货币增加1200亿，则货币供给量增加（）。A.12000亿B.1200亿C.60000亿D.6000亿28.Steamships were first introduced into the United States in 1807, and John Moison built the first steamship in Canada(t
8、hen called British North America)in 1809. By the 1830s dozens of steam vessels were in use in Canada. They offered the traveler reliable transportation in comfortable facilities-a welcome alternative to stagecoach travel which at the best of times could only be described as wretched. This commitment
9、 to dependable river transport became entrenched with the investment of millions of dollars for the improvement of waterways, which included the construction of canals and lock systems. The Lachine and Welland Canals, two of the most important systems, were opened in 1825 and 1829, respectively. By
10、the time that Upper and Lower Canada were united into the Province of Canada in 1841 ,the public debt for canals was more than one hundred dollars per capita, an enormous sum for the time. But it may not seem such a great amount if we consider that improvements allowed steamboats to remain practical
11、 for most commercial transport in Canada until the mid-nineteenth century.What is the main purpose of the passage（）ATo contrast travel by steamship and stagecoach.BTo criticize the level of public debt in nineteenth century in Canada.CTo describe the introduction of steamships in Canada.DTo show how
12、 Canada surpassed the United States in transportation improvements.29.Steamships were first introduced into the United States in 1807, and John Moison built the first steamship in Canada(then called British North America)in 1809. By the 1830s dozens of steam vessels were in use in Canada. They offer
13、ed the traveler reliable transportation in comfortable facilities-a welcome alternative to stagecoach travel which at the best of times could only be described as wretched. This commitment to dependable river transport became entrenched with the investment of millions of dollars for the improvement
14、of waterways, which included the construction of canals and lock systems. The Lachine and Welland Canals, two of the most important systems, were opened in 1825 and 1829, respectively. By the time that Upper and Lower Canada were united into the Province of Canada in 1841 ,the public debt for canals
15、 was more than one hundred dollars per capita, an enormous sum for the time. But it may not seem such a great amount if we consider that improvements allowed steamboats to remain practical for most commercial transport in Canada until the mid-nineteenth century.Which of the following can be inferred
16、 from the passage about stagecoach travel in Canada in the 1830s（）AIt was reasonably comfortable.BIt was extremely efficient.CIt was not popular.DIt was very practical.30.Steamships were first introduced into the United States in 1807, and John Moison built the first steamship in Canada(then called
17、British North America)in 1809. By the 1830s dozens of steam vessels were in use in Canada. They offered the traveler reliable transportation in comfortable facilities-a welcome alternative to stagecoach travel which at the best of times could only be described as wretched. This commitment to dependa
18、ble river transport became entrenched with the investment of millions of dollars for the improvement of waterways, which included the construction of canals and lock systems. The Lachine and Welland Canals, two of the most important systems, were opened in 1825 and 1829, respectively. By the time th
19、at Upper and Lower Canada were united into the Province of Canada in 1841 ,the public debt for canals was more than one hundred dollars per capita, an enormous sum for the time. But it may not seem such a great amount if we consider that improvements allowed steamboats to remain practical for most c
20、ommercial transport in Canada until the mid-nineteenth century.According to the passage, steamships became practical means of transportation in Canada because of（）Aimprovements in the waterwaysBlarge subsidies from John MoisonCa relatively small populationDthe lack of alternate means31.Steamships we
21、re first introduced into the United States in 1807, and John Moison built the first steamship in Canada(then called British North America)in 1809. By the 1830s dozens of steam vessels were in use in Canada. They offered the traveler reliable transportation in comfortable facilities-a welcome alterna
22、tive to stagecoach travel which at the best of times could only be described as wretched. This commitment to dependable river transport became entrenched with the investment of millions of dollars for the improvement of waterways, which included the construction of canals and lock systems. The Lachi
23、ne and Welland Canals, two of the most important systems, were opened in 1825 and 1829, respectively. By the time that Upper and Lower Canada were united into the Province of Canada in 1841 ,the public debt for canals was more than one hundred dollars per capita, an enormous sum for the time. But it
24、 may not seem such a great amount if we consider that improvements allowed steamboats to remain practical for most commercial transport in Canada until the mid-nineteenth century.The word reliable in line 3 is closest in meaning to which of the following（）AQuick.BSafe.CDependable.DLuxurious.32.Steam
25、ships were first introduced into the United States in 1807, and John Moison built the first steamship in Canada(then called British North America)in 1809. By the 1830s dozens of steam vessels were in use in Canada. They offered the traveler reliable transportation in comfortable facilities-a welcome
26、 alternative to stagecoach travel which at the best of times could only be described as wretched. This commitment to dependable river transport became entrenched with the investment of millions of dollars for the improvement of waterways, which included the construction of canals and lock systems. T
27、he Lachine and Welland Canals, two of the most important systems, were opened in 1825 and 1829, respectively. By the time that Upper and Lower Canada were united into the Province of Canada in 1841 ,the public debt for canals was more than one hundred dollars per capita, an enormous sum for the time
28、. But it may not seem such a great amount if we consider that improvements allowed steamboats to remain practical for most commercial transport in Canada until the mid-nineteenth century.According to the passage, when was the Welland Canal opened（）A1807.B1809.C1825.D1829.33.When the temperature of a
29、 liquid is raised enough, the liquid boils. This means that bubbles of vapor, containing millions of molecules, form below the surface. In order for such bubbles to be produced, the pressure of the vapor inside them must be equal to the pressure of the air upon the surface of the liquid. If the air
30、pressure is greater, the bubble will collapse. The boiling point of a liquid, then, is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure upon the liquid at the surface.The pressure of the atmosphere at sea level is about one kilogram per square centimeter
31、. We call this pressure one atmosphere. The boiling point of a liquid, therefore, is the temperature at which its vapor pressure equals one atmosphere. The boiling point of water is 100 Celsius; of ethyl alcohol 78.5 Celsius; of mercury, 356.9 Celsius.If the pressure on the surface of the water is r
32、educed, the boiling point will be lower. Now the higher up we go from sea level, the lower the atmospheric pressure becomes, since there is less air to press upon us. Hence, while water boils at sea level at a temperature of 100 Celsius, its boiling point on a mountain three kilometers high is only
33、90 Celsius. Since the temperature of water does not rise as a result of boiling, it would take you longer to cook potatoes or carrots in boiling water on the mountain than it would at sea level.Which statement of the following is correct according to this passage（）AThe boiling point of a liquid is t
34、he original temperature.BThe higher the pressure on the surface of the liquid, the quicker the boiling point will be reached.CThe boiling point of a liquid is 100 Celsius.DBoth and .34.When the temperature of a liquid is raised enough, the liquid boils. This means that bubbles of vapor, containing m
35、illions of molecules, form below the surface. In order for such bubbles to be produced, the pressure of the vapor inside them must be equal to the pressure of the air upon the surface of the liquid. If the air pressure is greater, the bubble will collapse. The boiling point of a liquid, then, is the
36、 temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure upon the liquid at the surface.The pressure of the atmosphere at sea level is about one kilogram per square centimeter. We call this pressure one atmosphere. The boiling point of a liquid, therefore, is the t
37、emperature at which its vapor pressure equals one atmosphere. The boiling point of water is 100 Celsius; of ethyl alcohol 78.5 Celsius; of mercury, 356.9 Celsius.If the pressure on the surface of the water is reduced, the boiling point will be lower. Now the higher up we go from sea level, the lower
38、 the atmospheric pressure becomes, since there is less air to press upon us. Hence, while water boils at sea level at a temperature of 100 Celsius, its boiling point on a mountain three kilometers high is only 90 Celsius. Since the temperature of water does not rise as a result of boiling, it would
39、take you longer to cook potatoes or carrots in boiling water on the mountain than it would at sea level.In this passage the phrase one atmosphere( Line 8 )means （）.Athe mixture of gases that surrounds any heavenly bodyBone kilogram per square centimeterCthe feeling among a group or produced by the s
40、urroundingsDproducing feelings of mysterious beauty or strangeness35.When the temperature of a liquid is raised enough, the liquid boils. This means that bubbles of vapor, containing millions of molecules, form below the surface. In order for such bubbles to be produced, the pressure of the vapor in
41、side them must be equal to the pressure of the air upon the surface of the liquid. If the air pressure is greater, the bubble will collapse. The boiling point of a liquid, then, is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure upon the liquid at the s
42、urface.The pressure of the atmosphere at sea level is about one kilogram per square centimeter. We call this pressure one atmosphere. The boiling point of a liquid, therefore, is the temperature at which its vapor pressure equals one atmosphere. The boiling point of water is 100 Celsius; of ethyl al
43、cohol 78.5 Celsius; of mercury, 356.9 Celsius.If the pressure on the surface of the water is reduced, the boiling point will be lower. Now the higher up we go from sea level, the lower the atmospheric pressure becomes, since there is less air to press upon us. Hence, while water boils at sea level a
44、t a temperature of 100 Celsius, its boiling point on a mountain three kilometers high is only 90 Celsius. Since the temperature of water does not rise as a result of boiling, it would take you longer to cook potatoes or carrots in boiling water on the mountain than it would at sea level.Which statem
45、ent of the following is false according to the passage（）AThe boiling point of water on a mountain three kilometers high is only 90 Celsius.BIt would take you longer to cook potatoes in boiling water on the mountain than it would at sea level.CWhen the temperature of a liquid is raised enough, the li
46、quid boils.DThe boiling point of water on a mountain six kilometers high is 95 Celsius.36.When the temperature of a liquid is raised enough, the liquid boils. This means that bubbles of vapor, containing millions of molecules, form below the surface. In order for such bubbles to be produced, the pre
47、ssure of the vapor inside them must be equal to the pressure of the air upon the surface of the liquid. If the air pressure is greater, the bubble will collapse. The boiling point of a liquid, then, is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure upo
48、n the liquid at the surface.The pressure of the atmosphere at sea level is about one kilogram per square centimeter. We call this pressure one atmosphere. The boiling point of a liquid, therefore, is the temperature at which its vapor pressure equals one atmosphere. The boiling point of water is 100 Celsius; of ethyl alcohol 78.5 Celsius; of mercury, 356.9 Celsius.If the pressure on t