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1、管道支吊架设计技术规定管道支吊架设计技术规定1、支吊架分类按支架的作用分为三大类：承重架、限制支架和减振架。1.1 承重架：用来承重受管道的重力及其它垂直向下载荷的支吊架。1.1.1 滑动架：在支承点的下方支撑的托架，除垂直方向支撑力及水平方向摩擦力外，没有其他任何阻力。1.1.2 杆式吊架：在支承点的上方以悬吊的方式承受管道的重力及其他垂直向下的载荷，吊杆处于受接状态。1.1.3 弹簧支吊架：用于一定范围内有垂直方向位移的管道、设备支、吊，载荷变化率25%。1.1.4 恒力弹簧支吊架：用于有较大垂直方向位移的管道支吊。使用载荷偏差6%。1.1.5 滚动支架：采用滚动支承，减小管道因轴向位移而
2、产生对支架的推力。1.1.6 带聚四氟乙烯支架：在支架摩擦面粘贴聚四氟乙烯板，减小管道应轴向位移而产生对支架的推力。1.2 限制性支架：用来阻止、限制或控制管道系统热位移的支架。1.2.1 导向架：使管道只能沿轴向移动的支架。并能限制侧向位移的作用。1.2.2 限位架：限位架的作用是限制轴向、侧向位移。在某一个方向上限制管道的位移所要求的数值，称为定值限位架1.2.3 固定架：不允许支承点有三个方向的线位移和角位移。1.3 减振支架：用来控制或减小除重力和热膨胀作用以外的任何力（如物料冲击、机械振动、风力及地震等外部载荷）的作用所产生的管道振动的支架。2、支吊架结构的组成部份从管道支承的结构及
3、连接关系等方面考虑，由管部附件、连接配件、特殊功能件、辅助钢结构及生根件等组成。2.1 管道附件：是附着管道上的支架部件，是支架与管道外壁相连接或接触的部件。如管托、管卡、U 形螺栓、吊耳、支耳、支腿等。2.2 连接配件：指连接的另部件、吊杆等。2.3 特殊功能件：指弹簧支吊架、限位杆等部件，起到特殊功能作用。2.4 辅助钢结构：一般由型钢及钢板制造。作用是将管道支承点的力传递给土建结构或设备外壁。2.5 支架生根件附在设备或土建钢筋混凝土结构上，从备料角度来讲，不算管道支架的组成部分，但从管道支架的设计方向看，可作为支架一个重要组成部分。3、标准支架及通用支架3.1 标准支架指整个结构各部位
4、的尺寸是已定不变的。例如：管托类属于标准架，所指定型号、管径等一般包括在系列号中。结构型式见HG/T21629-1999 A 类管架标准另部件。3.2 通用支架指管道支吊架的型式已定，但部份尺寸需在选用时确定。结构型式见 HG/T21629-1999 B 至 M 类。因此，通用支架采用以表格为主的有图又有表的形式，并在表中填入所确定的尺寸。图纸一般为 A3图幅。具体内容详见“表 3.2 管架数据一览表” 。3.3 非标支架指辅助钢结构的高度一般不超过 4 米，较高的钢结支架应提交土建专业设计。4、支吊架间距4.1 装置内不保温管道基本跨距表 4.1。4.2 装置内保温管道基本跨距表 4.2。4
5、.3 装置外不保温管道基本跨距表 4.3。4.4 装置外保温管道基本跨距表 4.4。4.5 垂直管道支架间距：大致可按照不保温管充水的水平管道支架间距进行圆整。4.6 水平弯管管道允许支架间距的确定。水平 90弯管两个支架间距的管道展开长度 L，不应大于水平直管段上两个支架间距的 0.7 倍。图 4.7。图 4.7 水平 90弯管 图 4.8 尽端直管4.8 尽端直管段管道允许支架间距的确定尽端直管两个支架间距的管道长度 L 不应大于水平直管段上两个支架间距的 0.8 倍，如图 4.8。4.9 装有波纹膨胀节管道的支架间距膨胀节两端支架设置参照图 4.9 所示并结合产品厂提供要求考虑。表 4.
6、1 装置内不保温管道基本跨距管道基本跨距 m管道计算重量kg/m管道设计温度200管道设计温度350管子公称直径mm外径壁厚mm气体管 液体管气体管液体管气体管液体管1521.252.75182.51831.551.181.361.741.311.473.433.153.113.333.073.053.373.093.063.283.013.002026.752.75252.52532.041.742.022.382.042.293.893.763.733.743.613.613.823.703.623.673.553.562533.53.25322.5323.53.052.323.073.6
7、02.873.544.364.284.244.184.064.094.284.214.174.113.994.023242.253.25382.5383.53.992.833.754.953.654.484.924.684.654.664.394.454.844.604.574.584.314.3740483.5453453.54.934.024.576.195.164.665.255.095.084.964.784.815.165.004.994.874.704.7350603.5573.55746.386.016.738.507.908.545.895.745.735.485.365.40
8、5.785.635.635.385.265.307075.53.757647668.839.3913.2012.3212.8816.296.606.636.606.086.126.266.496.516.485.976.026.158088.5489489611.2211.015.8516.1116.2420.327.147.167.166.536.546.737.027.047.046.416.436.6110011441084108615.1414.1919.8523.6021.7326.798.067.877.907.237.087.337.937.737.767.106.957.201
9、251404.5133421.2818.2134.2129.998.938.697.937.678.788.547.807.54133625.3136.348.768.008.607.861501654.51594.5159625.924.8131.2444.3041.7747.529.659.489.568.448.338.609.489.329.398.298.188.45续表 4.1 装置内不保温管道基本跨距管道基本跨距 m 管道计算重量kg/m管道设计温度200管道设计温度350管子公称直径mm外径壁厚mm气体管 液体管气体管液体管气体管液体管2002196219845.8957.72
10、78.1888.7711.1211.209.7310.0610.9211.019.569.88250273627382731060.2475.1889.89111.58124.95138.1212.3112.4412.5110.5510.9611.2412.0912.2212.2910.3610.7611.04300325632583251075.1093.03110.74148.93164.99180.8413.3113.4913.5911.2111.0912.0313.0713.2513.3611.0211.4911.81350377690.97191.3714.2111.8013.961
11、1.59377837710111.91132.61210.12228.6614.4414.5712.3312.7214.1814.3212.1212.494004266426842610106.86130.63154.16236.03257.31278.3814.9615.2515.4212.2812.8713.3014.7114.9815.1512.0712.6513.0745048064801048012125.42178.95205.36290.46338.41362.0615.7518.2816.4112.7713.8814.2415.4815.9916.1212.5513.6313.
12、995005306530953012143.89188.14232.18345.80385.70425.1316.4216.9117.1913.1814.1314.7616.1316.6116.8712.7613.8914.5060063066309182.75235.95470.56518.2117.6218.2313.9114.9717.3117.9113.0314.7170072067209221.21282.20598.96653.5818.5919.2914.4915.6418.2618.9613.2315.3780082068209267.53337.17759.53821.891
13、9.5520.3714.7116.3019.2120.0113.4015.6990092069209317.61395.91938.931009.9420.4321.3514.8616.9020.0820.9713.5415.9210001020610209323.91411.421137.1721.9822.8614.9817.4421.5922.4613.6516.101215.0312001220612208422.18492.191590.171625.4623.5524.3215.1817.1523.1323.8913.8315.63140014208142010613.40694.
14、782191.162263.5725.8126.4317.3619.0525.3625.9615.8217.36160016208162010745.93838.952805.212887.9527.1527.8517.5219.2726.6727.3615.9617.56表 4.2 装置内保温管道基本跨距管道设计温度200管道设计温度350管道基本跨距m管道基本跨距m管子公称直径mm外径壁厚mm保温厚度mm气体管道计算重量kg/m液体管道计算重量kg/m气体管液体管保温厚度mm气体管道计算重量kg/m液体管道计算重量kg/m气体管液体管2533.53.25322.5323.54545459.
15、548.709.4510.099.259.923.443.1136.363.313.013.2865656514.0613.1813.9314.0613.7314.402.582.302.522.532.282.483242.253.25382.5383.550505012.2410.7211.6513.2010.7211.653.953.393.703.813.273.5965656515.9114.3115.2416.3616.1415.963.162.672.943.072.602.8840483.5453453.550505013.6412.4913.0414.9113.6314.13
16、4.444.074.024.253.894.0670707016.8517.6118.1620.1218.7519.253.443.123.263.333.023.1750603.5573.557450505016.0915.4716.1918.2117.3618.005.235.045.204.914.764.9370707021.6320.9321.6523.7522.8223.464.113.954.103.923.783.9375.53 5521.2124.706.01 5.57 7527.4730.954.814.5370 .75764766555521.8225.6225.3027
17、.716.136.665.696.29757528.0931.8931.5734.984.925.204.645.088088.5489489655555524.7724.8929.4429.6529.8333.916.786.807.406.196.216.9080808033.2233.3537.9138.1038.3042.385.335.355.664.985.005.5010011441084108660606032.6931.1736.8241.1638.7143.777.727.468.186.886.707.5080808040.3138.6244.2748.7746.1551
18、.216.216.026.355.765.596.121251404.51334133660606041.3437.6044.7054.2749.3855.738.988.469.297.847.388.3285858549.6847.9655.0662.6259.7466.097.106.707.086.656.116.771501654.51594.515966060.6048.4446.7153.1466.7863.6769.429.859.6510.308.398.269.0190909062.5260.4460.8780.7677.4083.157.617.467.766.956.8
19、37.35200 21962198656576.1287.94108.40118.9012.0412.5110.1010.96959592.79104.61125.08135.679.169.468.508.80250273627382731065656596.06111.00125.71147.40160.77173.9413.4714.0014.2710.8711.8312.64959595115.00129.94144.65166.34179.71192.8810.2810.6610.919.339.8310.16300325632563256707070119.65137.58158.
20、71193.48209.54228.8114.4415.1815.4211.3612.4813.23100100100141.19159.13176.83215.02231.08246.9411.1611.5911.889.8210.5610.933503776377837710707070141.27162.21182.91241.67260.42278.9615.4816.3316.6811.8313.0613.99100100100165.00185.99205.64265.40284.15302.6912.0312.4912.8110.2911.2411.65续表 4.2 装置内保温管
21、道基本跨距管子 外径管道设计温度200管道设计温度350管道基本跨距m管道基本跨距m公称直径mm壁厚mm保温厚度mm气体管道计算重量kg/m液体管道计算重量kg/m气体管液体管保温厚度mm气体管道计算重量kg/m液体管道计算重量kg/m气体管液体管4004266426842610707070162.58186.34209.87291.74313.02334.1016.3517.3117.7112.2013.5114.51105105105192.91216.67240.20322.07343.35364.4212.6913.2013.5610.5811.7512.214504806480104
22、8012707070187.11240.64287.05352.17400.10423.7517.2118.7519.0712.5415.0015.87105105105220.09273.61300.02385.14433.07456.7313.4514.3814.6610.9312.8213.205005308530953012707070210.80255.36299.40413.01452.91492.3417.9419.4419.912.8114.8616.3105105105246.23290.78334.82448.44488.34527.7814.1014.9015.311.2
23、013.0413.74929600630663097575266.57319.78554.39602.0319.0120.9613.1815.38110110307.38306.59595.20642.8515.2016.1111.5913.56700 720672097575315.61376.61693.37747.9820.0022.2713.5015.81110110380.84421.83738.59793.2116.1617.1411.9113.99800 82682097575373.69443.33865.68928.0520.9723.4513.7816.2111011042
24、3.81493.45915.81918.1717.1218.1912.2014.38900 920692097575435.53513.821056.841126.9521.8224.4814.0116.53110110490.55568.851111.871181.9818.0119.1612.4414.711000 10206102098080461.93549.451272.191353.0523.5126.2814.1516.75125125540.24627.751353.101431.3619.0020.2112.5114.841200 12206 80 585.11 1753.1
25、 25.0 14.4 125 676.02 1844.0 20.5 12.8412208 80 655.1211815.40227.24516.36125 746.0311906.30621.5314.551400 142081420108080801.24882.632379.002451.4128.7130.5116.6618.31125125904.75986.132482.512554.9223.0123.7914.8616.341600 162081620108080958.691051.683017.973100.7129.7931.9316.8918.601251251074.7
26、91167.793134.073216.8124.3425.1915.0116.64表 4.3 装置外不保温管道基本跨距管道基本跨距 m 管道计算重量kg/m管道设计温度200管道设计温度350管子公称直径mm外径壁厚mm气体管 液体管 气体管液体管气体管液体管1521.252.75182.51831.551.181.361.741.311.474.263.903.864.183.843.794.183.843.794.073.743.712026.752.75252.52532.041.742.022.382.042.294.624.674.634.644.844.494.744.594.5
27、54.564.414.412533.53.25322.5323.53.052.323.073.602.873.545.415.325.265.195.045.085.315.225.175.104.934.993242.253.25382.5383.53.992.833.754.953.654.486.115.815.775.795.425.526.005.715.675.665.295.4240483.5453453.54.934.024.576.195.164.666.526.326.306.165.935.986.406.216.196.015.775.8550603.5573.56.3
28、86.018.507.907.307.126.806.657.186.996.556.435746.738.547.116.706.986.527075.53.757647668.839.3913.2012.3212.8816.298.198.228.197.547.607.778.058.088.057.187.277.618088.5489489611.2211.015.8516.1116.2420.328.868.898.898.108.128.358.718.738.737.667.678.1210011441084108615.1414.1919.8523.6021.7326.791
29、0.029.779.808.978.789.099.859.599.638.278.158.741251404.51334133621.2818.2125.3134.2129.9936.3411.0810.7810.879.849.479.9310.8910.5910.688.998.639.381501654.51594.5159625.924.8131.2444.3041.7747.5211.9711.7711.8510.3010.2010.6711.7611.5611.659.389.309.922002196219845.8957.7278.1888.7713.8013.9011.88
30、12.4813.5513.6610.8211.57250273627382731060.2475.1889.89111.58124.95138.1215.2715.4415.5212.5013.4813.9415.0015.1715.2511.3912.29129.2325675.10148.9316.5112.9416.2211.7930032583251093.03110.74164.99180.8416.7416.8714.0714.8916.4516.5712.8213.56续表 4.3 装置外不保温管道基本跨距管道基本跨距 m 管道计算重量kg/m管道设计温度200管道设计温度350
31、管子公称直径mm外径壁厚mm气体管 液体管 气体管液体管气体管液体管350377637783771090.97111.91132.61191.37210.12228.6617.6317.9118.0813.3014.5415.4617.3217.5917.7612.1213.2514.094004266426842610106.86130.63154.16236.03257.31278.3818.5818.9219.1313.5714.9015.9018.2518.5918.7912.3613.5714.4945048064801048012125.42178.95205.36290.4633
32、8.41362.0619.5520.1920.3613.8116.3117.1719.1519.8419.9912.5214.8715.645005306530953012143.89188.14232.18345.80385.70425.1320.3720.9821.3014.0016.1017.5619.8020.6220.9312.7614.6715.0060063066309182.75235.95470.56518.2121.8722.6214.3116.5820.9222.2213.0415.1170072067209221.21282.20598.96653.5823.0623.
33、4914.5216.9221.7723.4613.2315.418008206267.53 759.5324.2614.7122.5813.408209337.17 821.8925.2717.2224.5015.6990092069209317.61395.91938.931009.9425.3626.4914.8617.4723.2825.4113.5415.9210001020610209323.91411.421137.171215.0327.2728.3714.9817.6725.5827.6813.6516.1012001220612208422.18492.191590.1716
34、25.4629.2230.1815.1817.1526.8428.6313.8315.63140014208142010613.40694.782191.162263.5732.0332.7917.3619.0529.8931.3415.8217.36160016208162010745.93838.952805.212887.9533.6834.5517.5219.2730.9632.5815.9617.56表 4.4 装置外保温管道基本跨距管道设计温度200管道设计温度350管道基本跨距m管道基本跨距m管子公称直径mm外径壁厚mm保温厚度mm气体管道计算重量kg/m液体管道计算重量kg/m
35、气体管液体管保温厚度mm气体管道计算重量kg/m液体管道计算重量kg/m气体管液体管2533.53.25322.5323.54545459.548.709.4510.099.259.923.443.113.363.343.013.2865656514.0113.1813.9314.06113.7314.402.502.302.522.532.282.483242.253.25382.5383.550505012.2410.7211.6513.2011.55112.373.953.393.703.813.273.5965656515.9114.3115.2416.8815.1415.963.16
36、2.672.943.072.602.8840483.5453453.550505013.6412.4913.0414.9113.6314.134.444.074.234.253.894.0670707018.8517.6118.1620.1218.7519.253.443.123.263.333.023.1750603.5573.557450505016.0915.4716.1918.2117.3618.005.235.045.204.914.764.9370707021.6320.9321.6523.7522.8223.464.113.954.103.923.783.9975.53.5521
37、.2124.706.01 5.57 7527.4730.954.81 4.537075764766555521.8225.6225.3028.716.136.665.696.29757528.0931.8931.5734.984.925.444.645.198088.5489489655555524.7724.8929.4429.6529.8333.916.786.807.406.196.216.9080808033.2233.3537.9138.1038.3042.385.335.355.944.985.005.6210011441084108660606032.6931.1736.8241
38、.1638.7143.777.767.468.186.886.707.5080808040.3138.6244.2748.7746.1551.216.336.116.795.765.596.321251404.51334133660606041.3437.6044.7054.2749.3855.738.988.469.297.847.388.3285858549.6847.9655.0662.6259.7466.097.466.827.626.656.116.961501654.51594.515966060.6048.4446.7153.1466.7863.6769.429.859.6510
39、.308.398.269.0190909062.5260.4460.8780.7677.4083.157.907.738.366.956.837.50200 21962198656576.1287.94108.40118.9012.0412.5110.1010.96959592.79104.61125.08135.679.9310.658.569.3625027362738656596.06111.00147.40160.7713.4710.879595115.00129.94166.34179.7111.219.3310.22731065 125.71 173.94 14.0014.2711
40、.8912.6495 144.65 192.88 12.0512.63510.93300325632563256707070119.65137.58158.71193.48209.54228.8114.4415.1815.4211.3612.4813.23100100100141.19159.13176.83215.02231.082469412.1113.0513.729.8210.8311.613503776377837710707070141.27162.21182.91241.67260.42278.9615.4816.3316.6811.8313.0613.9910010010016
41、5.00185.99206.64265.40284.15302.6913.0514.0814.8110.2911.3912.244004266426842610707070162.58186.34209.87291.74313.02334.1016.3517.3117.7112.2013.5114.51105105105192.91216.67240.20322.07343.35364.4213.6714.7915.6010.5811.7512.66续表 4.4 装置外保温管道基本跨距管道设计温度200管道设计温度350管道基本跨距m管道基本跨距m管子公称直径mm外径壁厚mm保温厚度mm气体管
42、道计算重量kg/m液体管道计算重量kg/m气体管液体管保温厚度mm气体管道计算重量kg/m液体管道计算重量kg/m气体管液体管45048064801048012707070187.11240.64287.05352.17400.10423.7517.2118.7519.0712.5415.0015.87105105105220.09273.61300.02385.14433.07456.7314.4616.5317.1910.9313.1413.935005308530953012707070210.80255.36299.40413.01452.91492.3417.9419.4419.99
43、12.8114.8616.32105105105246.23290.78334.82448.44488.34527.78115.1216.9018.0311.2013.0414.36600630663097575266.57319.78554.39602.0319.0113.18110110307.38306.59595.20642.8516.1311.5920.9615.3818.1113.56700720672097575315.61376.61693.37747.9820.0022.2713.5015.81110110380.84421.83738.59793.2117.0419.191
44、1.9113.99800820682097575373.69443.33865.68928.0520.9723.4513.7816.21110110423.81493.95915.81978.1717.9420.2012.2014.38900920692097575435.53513.821056.841126.9521.8224.4814.0116.53110110490.55568.851111.871181.9818.7321.2012.4414.711000 10206102098080461.93549.451272.191353.0523.5126.2814.1516.751251
45、25540.24627.751353.501431.3619.8122.4012.5114.841200 12206122088080585.11655.121753.111815.4025.0227.2414.4516.36125125676.02746.031844.011906.3021.2123.2612.8414.551400 142081420108080801.24882.632379.002451.4128.7130.5116.6618.31125125804.75986.132482.512554.9224.6126.3014.8616.341600 162081620108
46、080958.691051.683017.973100.7129.7931.93168.918.601251251074.791167.793134.013216.8125.7927.6115.0116.645. 支吊架位置的确定管道支吊架的位置，一般应根据管径、管道形状、阀门和管件的位置，及可生根的部位等因素确定。设置时应考虑下列因素。5.1 首先满足管道支吊架最大允许间距的要求。5.2 支架布置靠近集中载荷的地方，以减少偏心载荷和弯曲应力。5.3 在敏感设备（泵、压缩机等）附近，应设置支架，以防管道载荷作用于设备接口上。5.4 有强烈振动的管道，宜单独设置支架。5.5 除振动总管外，应尽可
47、能利用建筑物，构筑物的梁、柱作为支架的生根点，但要考虑生根点能否承受该载荷。5.6 考虑安装、检修方便。5.7 做柔性分析的管道，支架位置根据分析决定，但要考虑支承的可能性。5.8 在垂直管段弯头附近，或在垂直段重心以上设置承重架，垂直段较长时，可在下部增设导向架。5.9 管道布置过程中对支架位置的考虑。5.9.1 配管设计人员在管道布置的过程中，应同时考虑支架位置设置及支架型式的可能性、合理性。5.9.2 管道尽量集中布置，便于做联合支架，减少分散独立设置，同时达到整齐美观。5.9.3 管道尽量靠近建筑物的墙、柱、梁及钢平台等。5.9.4 管道成组布置时，各管道的被支承面（包括管托）应取齐，
48、便于支架设计、选用、安装。5.9.5 采用弹簧支吊架时，管道与生根构件之间应有足够空间。5.10 应力分析过程中对支架位置的考虑5.10.1 在算题准备过程中，应力分析与支架设计人员应了解配管及土建结构的情况，对整个管道支撑系统进行研究，确定支架的位置及类型。5.10.2 承重架的间距不能超过基本支架间距规定数值。5.10.3 所有支承点是否有可以生根的结构，如果没有，必须考虑解决的办法。5.10.4 垂直段管道很长时，应研究承重架设置的位置，支架的类型。5.10.5 支架生根在设备上时，支承点随设备的热膨胀产生位移，输入的数据应符合此情况。5.11 对管道上支托点位置的要求5.11.1 优先考虑的托点，是管子而不是阀门、管道附件等。因为管子的外径是形