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1、简单句中的省略简单句中的省略1 1、省略主语、省略主语 祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。多限于少数现成的说法。(1) (1) (I)(I) Thank you for your help. Thank you for your help.(2) (2) (I)(I) See you tomorrow. See you tomorrow.(3) (3) (It)(It) Doesnt matter. Doesnt matter.(4) (4) (I)(I) Beg your pardon. Beg your pardon.简单句中的省略简
2、单句中的省略2 2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分 (1) (1) (There is)(There is) No smoking . No smoking .(2) (2) (Is there)(Is there) Anything wrong ? Anything wrong ?(3) (3) (Will you)(Will you) Have a smoke ? Have a smoke ?(4) What/How (4) What/How (do you think)(do you think) about a cup of tea ? about a cup of
3、 tea ?(5) Why (5) Why (do you)(do you) not say hello to him ? not say hello to him ?简单句中的省略简单句中的省略3 3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留toto，但如果，但如果该宾语是动词该宾语是动词bebe或完成时态，则须在之后加上或完成时态，则须在之后加上bebe或或have:have:(1) Are you going there? -Yes, Id like to (go there).(2) He didnt give me the chance, though he h
4、ad promised to (give me the chance).(3) Are you an engineer? -No, but I want to be.(4) He hasnt finished the task yet. -Well, he ought to have.简单句中的省略简单句中的省略4 4、省略表语、省略表语 (1) Are you thirsty? -Yes, I am (1) Are you thirsty? -Yes, I am (thirsty).(thirsty).(2) His brother isnt lazy, nor is his sister
5、(2) His brother isnt lazy, nor is his sister (lazy).(lazy).5 5、同时省略几个成分、同时省略几个成分 (1) Lets meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday.(2) -Have you finished your work ? -(I have) Not (finished my work) yet.主从复合句中的省略主从复合句中的省略1 1、主句中有一些乘法被省略、主句中有一些乘法被省略(1) (1) ( Im )( Im ) Sorry to hear you are ill.
6、Sorry to hear you are ill.(2) (2) ( Its a )( Its a ) Pity that he missed such a good chance. Pity that he missed such a good chance.2 2、主句中有一些乘法被省略、主句中有一些乘法被省略(1) Is he coming back tonight? -I think (1) Is he coming back tonight? -I think soso. .(2) She must be busy now? -If (2) She must be busy now
7、? -If soso, she cant go with us., she cant go with us.(3) Is she feeling better today? -Im afraid (3) Is she feeling better today? -Im afraid notnot. .(4) Do you think he will attend the meeting? -I guess (4) Do you think he will attend the meeting? -I guess notnot. . 这这种用法常种用法常见见的有：的有：How so? Why s
8、o? Is that so? I hope How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so. He said so.so. He said so.及及I suppose/believe/hope not. I suppose/believe/hope not. 并列句中的省略并列句中的省略 两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。中相同的部分。 (1) My father is a doctor and my mother (1) My father is a doctor and my mother (is)(
9、is) a nurse. a nurse.(2) I study at college and my sister (2) I study at college and my sister (studies)(studies) at high at high school.school.(3) When summer comes, the day is getting longer (3) When summer comes, the day is getting longer and longer, and the night and longer, and the night (is ge
10、tting)(is getting) shorter and shorter and shorter.shorter.其他省略其他省略1 1、连词的、连词的thatthat省略省略(1)(1)宾语宾语从句中常省略从句中常省略连词连词thatthat，但也有不能省略的情况。，但也有不能省略的情况。 (2) (2) 在定在定语语从句中从句中， ，thatthat在从句中作在从句中作宾语时宾语时可省略可省略. .另外，凡另外，凡是是进进行行时态时态和被和被动语态动语态的定的定语语从句都可省略关系代从句都可省略关系代词词和和be be 动词动词。 。2 2、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句的主语、在
11、某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可省去一致时，可省去“主语主语+be”+be”部分部分(1)(1) When When (he was)(he was) still a boy of 10, he had to work day and night. still a boy of 10, he had to work day and night.(2)(2) She tried her best though She tried her best though (she was)(she was) rather poor in rather poor in health.heal
12、th.(3)(3) If If (you are)(you are) asked you may come in. asked you may come in.(4)(4) If If (it is)(it is) necessary Ill explain to you again. necessary Ill explain to you again.其他省略其他省略3 3、不定式符号、不定式符号toto的省略的省略(1)(1)并列的不定式可省去后面的并列的不定式可省去后面的 to.to. I told him to sit down I told him to sit down and
13、and wait forwait for a moment. a moment. (2) help (2) help 当当“ “帮助帮助” ”讲时讲时，后面的，后面的宾语宾语或或宾补宾补的不定式符号的不定式符号toto可可带带可不可不带带. . I will help I will help (to)(to) do it for you. do it for you. I will help you I will help you (to)(to) do it. do it.（ （3 3）介）介词词butbut前若有前若有动词动词do,do,后面的不定式不后面的不定式不带带 to.to. Th
14、e boy did nothing The boy did nothing but playbut play. .其他省略其他省略(4) (4) 某些某些使役使役动词动词（ （let, make, havelet, make, have）及感官）及感官动词动词（ （see, watch, see, watch, hear, notice, observe, feel, look at, listen tohear, notice, observe, feel, look at, listen to等等）后面作）后面作宾宾语补语补足足语语的不定式一定要省去的不定式一定要省去 to, to, 但在
15、被但在被动语态动语态中中须须将将to to 复原。复原。 I I saw the boy fall fromsaw the boy fall from the tree. the tree. The boy The boy was seen to fall fromwas seen to fall from the tree. the tree. The boss The boss made us workmade us work 12 hours a day. 12 hours a day. We We were made to workwere made to work 12 hours
16、a day 12 hours a day.其他省略其他省略(5) (5) 主主语语从句中有从句中有动词动词dodo, ,后面作表后面作表语语的不定式的的不定式的 toto可可带带可可不不带带。 。 All we can do now is All we can do now is (to) wait(to) wait. .(6) find (6) find 当当“ “发现发现” ”讲时讲时，后面作，后面作宾语补宾语补足足语语的不定式符号的不定式符号toto可可带带可不可不带带。 。 We found him We found him (to) work very hard at(to) wor
17、k very hard at the experiment. the experiment. 但如果是不定式但如果是不定式 to beto be， ，则则不能省略不能省略。 。 She found him She found him to beto be dishonest. dishonest. 其他省略其他省略4 4、连词、连词ifif在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序有变化。语序有变化。(1)(1) Had they timeHad they time, they would certainly come and help us. , they wo
18、uld certainly come and help us. (2) (2) Were I youWere I you, I would do the work better., I would do the work better.(3(3） ）Should there be a floodShould there be a flood, what should we do?, what should we do?5 5、主句和从句各有一些成分省略。、主句和从句各有一些成分省略。The sooner The sooner (you do it),(you do it), the better the better (it will be). (it will be). Exercises:Finish all the exercises at Pages 78, 79 & 147.