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1、倒倒 装装定义定义 英语句子的自然语序是英语句子的自然语序是“主语主语+谓语谓语”。如果将谓语。如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序被称为的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序被称为“倒装倒装”。倒倒 装装分类分类分为分为全部倒装全部倒装和和部分倒装部分倒装：谓语全部放在主语之前，为谓语全部放在主语之前，为全部倒装全部倒装；只把助动词只把助动词、连系动词或情态动词放在主语之前，为连系动词或情态动词放在主语之前，为部分部分倒装倒装。倒装原因倒装原因一一、 语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）；语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）；二二、为了强调；为了强调；三三、保持句子的平衡或是上下文紧密保持句子的
2、平衡或是上下文紧密衔衔接。接。 全部倒装全部倒装 （谓语全部放在主语之前）（谓语全部放在主语之前）此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时1.there be句型。句型。其中其中be动词有时可用动词有时可用exist, live, stand, lie, seem, appear, remain, happen 等词代替。（全部倒装）等词代替。（全部倒装）1) There is an experienced teacher and many lovely students in the classroom.2) There lay a winding bro
3、ok in front of an old house.2.方位词方位词in, out, there, here, inside, outside, up, down, away, off, downstairs, upstairs等以及等以及now, then置于句首时，谓语置于句首时，谓语动词常用动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等，并且句子的主语是名词。等，并且句子的主语是名词。为以示强调或为了使情景更生动为以示强调或为了使情景更生动, 要全部倒装。（全部倒装）要全部倒装。（全部倒装）1) Away flew the bird which I bought yester
4、day. 2) Now comes your turn to sweep the floor.注意：注意：主语是人称代词时，仍用自然语序。主语是人称代词时，仍用自然语序。Away they went. (=They went away.)3.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时用倒装。直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时用倒装。（全部倒装）（全部倒装） “Whats up, Tom?” asked Mother. “The car is mine,” said Tom.注意：注意：主语是代词时，不倒装。主语是代词时，不倒装。“The car is mine,” he said.4.为了句子
5、结构平衡的需要为了句子结构平衡的需要,或为了强调状语或为了强调状语(常为介词短语常为介词短语)，或为了使上下文紧密衔接，有时将状语提前。或为了使上下文紧密衔接，有时将状语提前。（全部倒装）（全部倒装）1)They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.2)Nearby were the canoes in which they had come to the island.5.主语太长，表语太短，为了平衡句子结构的需要主语太长，表语太短，为了平衡句子结构的需要,将表语将表语提前。提前。（全部倒装）（全部倒装）1）In
6、side the pyramid are the burial rooms for the kings and queens.2）Gone are the days when we are enslaved.6.such和和be连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序。连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序。（全部倒装）（全部倒装）1）Such was not his intention.2）Such are the facts.部分倒装部分倒装部分倒装把助动词、连系动词或情态动词放在主语之前部分倒装把助动词、连系动词或情态动词放在主语之前1.用于疑问句。用于疑问句。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）1）Shall ever
7、ything be ready before you arrive?2） What can I do for you?注意：疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，主谓不颠倒。注意：疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，主谓不颠倒。1） Who can work it out?2） How many students have read this book? 2.用于省略用于省略if的虚拟条件从句中，的虚拟条件从句中，should / were / had 置于置于句首。句首。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）1)Had I not adopted my teachers advice, I would have made su
8、ch a serious mistake.2) Should I earn money, I should live better. 3. so, as, neither, nor, no more 表示前面的情况也适合于另表示前面的情况也适合于另一人或物时。一人或物时。(部分倒装部分倒装)1） Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 2） If you wont go, neither will I.注意：若只是表示对前面所述内容的肯定、确认，主谓不注意：若只是表示对前面所述内容的肯定、确认，主谓不倒装。倒装。1)Tom asked me to go to pl
9、ay football and so I did. 2) Its raining hard. So it is.4. 含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首，如含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首，如hardly, rarely, seldom, scarcely, barely, never, not, few, little, neither, nor, not only, hardlywhen, in no case, by no means, no soonerthan, many a time, often 等。等。 （部分倒装）（部分倒装）1)Not until the 19th centu
10、ry was the written examination probably known.2)Not only was everything he had taken away, but also his German citizenship.3)Not a single mistake did he make.1.（2011福建高考）福建高考）Its nice. Never before_ such a special drink!Im glad you like it. A. I have had B. I had C. have I had D. had I【解析【解析】选选C。考查部
11、分倒装。句意：。考查部分倒装。句意：太好了。我以前太好了。我以前从没喝过如此特别的饮料！从没喝过如此特别的饮料！我很高兴你喜欢它。表示否我很高兴你喜欢它。表示否定意义的词，如：定意义的词，如：never, hardly, no, not等放在句首时，句子等放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装。而本题所考查的时态是强调对现在的影响，要用部分倒装。而本题所考查的时态是强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时，故选用现在完成时，故选C。【高考链接【高考链接】2. (2012辽宁高考辽宁高考)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago_ having a hol
12、iday abroad.A. he had considered B. had he consideredC. he considered D. did he consider【解析【解析】选选D。考查倒装句。句意。考查倒装句。句意:直到三年前他从教育行直到三年前他从教育行业退休业退休,他才考虑出国度假。他才考虑出国度假。Not until位于句首时位于句首时,主句要用主句要用部分倒装。故排除答案部分倒装。故排除答案A和和C。又因为题干中的。又因为题干中的three years ago提示要用一般过去时提示要用一般过去时,故选故选D。注意注意1：修饰或连接主语时，主谓不倒装：修饰或连接主语时，
13、主谓不倒装I have never seen such a performance.注意注意2： 如否定词不在句首不倒装如否定词不在句首不倒装1) Not only is she a good singer, but also she is a good dancer.2) Neither did he watch TV nor did he go to the cinema.5.only + 状语（副词、介词短语、状语从句）放在句首时。状语（副词、介词短语、状语从句）放在句首时。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）1)Only then did I realize the value of readin
14、g aloud every morning.2)Only by means of talking can we avoid misunderstanding each other.【高考链接【高考链接】（2011湖南高考）湖南高考）Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours _ a decision.A. they reached B. did they reachC. they reach D. do they reach【解析【解析】选选B。考查倒装结构。句意：讨论这个问题数小。考查倒装结构。句意：讨论这个问题数小时
15、后他们才作出决定。时后他们才作出决定。“Only+状语从句状语从句”置于句首时，置于句首时，主句的主谓要进行部分倒装，即可排除主句的主谓要进行部分倒装，即可排除A、C两项。根据两项。根据前面的过去完成时态，这里要用一般过去时。故选前面的过去完成时态，这里要用一般过去时。故选B。6.“so /such +表语表语/状语状语 + that从句从句”结构中的结构中的so 或或such引引导的表语导的表语/状语放在句首时。状语放在句首时。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）1）So frightened was she in the darkness that she didnt dare to move at
16、all.2）Such a lovely child is he that all of us love him.7.用于形容词（名词用于形容词（名词/动词）动词）+ as/though的让步状语从句中。的让步状语从句中。（特殊倒装）（特殊倒装）1)Proud as they are, they are afraid to see us.2)Child as he is, he knows a lot.3) Try hard as they would, they could not lift the box.8.方式副词方式副词well或频度副词或频度副词often, many a time,
17、 always, once, every two hours,以及以及then开头的句子。开头的句子。(部分倒装部分倒装)1)Often did I remind him not to do that.2)Many a time has he made the same mistake.9.在在no soonerthan, hardlywhen, not onlybut also句句型中型中, 前面的句子要部分倒装。前面的句子要部分倒装。1）No sooner had I reached the station than the train left.2） Hardly had I reach
18、ed the station when the train left.注意注意: not onlybut also, neithernor连接两个主语时不连接两个主语时不倒装倒装Not only he but also I went to the park.10. 用于表示祝愿和祝福之类的句子中。用于表示祝愿和祝福之类的句子中。(部分或全部倒部分或全部倒装装) 1）May you succeed / be happy!2) Long live the Peoples Republic of China!【课堂训练【课堂训练】1.（2012大同高二检测）大同高二检测）We laugh at jo
19、kes, but seldom _ about how they work. A. we think B. think weC. we do think D. do we think2.You forgot your watch when you went out.Good heavens, _. A. so did I B. so I didC. I did so D. I so did3. In the north of our town_ ,which dates back to theMing Dynasty.A. stands an old temple B. an old temple does standC. does an old temple stand D. an old temple stands4. No sooner_ put down the receiver than the telephone rang again.A. he had B. had he C. does he D. he was