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1、专业英语四级语法与词汇结构应试强化训练七十九认真做做题目，专心看看各个讲解，从而巩固你的语法和词汇知识！以前这一章节我们为大家整理的部分专四词汇语法知识，希望可以帮到各位考生！关于usedto的意义和用法usedto(只有过去时形式，没有现在时形式)表示过去习惯动作或状态，这种情况现已不复存在。例如：Heusedtosmokealot,buthehaslonggivenupsmoking.在否定陈述句或否定疑问句中，用didn’tuseto或usedn’tto均可Hedidn’tusetosmokecigarettes.Heusedn’ttosm
2、okecigarettes.Didn’tMariausetobeinterestedinthetheatre?Usedn’tMariatobeinterestedinthetheatre?在肯定疑问句中也可有两种形式：UsedyoutogotothesameschoolasEdward?DidyouusetogotothesameschoolasEdward?近义词辨析use,apply,avail,employ,utilize这组词均含有使用或利用之意。use强调利用人或物作为工具。Heusedupallhisresourcesinexperimentingwitht
3、henewpaint.他为实验新的涂料，花光了一切钱财。apply指把某物或某种方法、原理等加以应用。Weshouldnotonlyknowthetheorybutalsoknowhowtoapplyittopractice.我们不仅要知道理论，还要知道怎样把理论应用于实践。avail指使用就近的或他人给予的东西，或使别人为自己提供服务。Idon’tthinkcomplaintswillavailyoumuch.我觉得抱怨对你没多大用处。WeavailourselvesofeveryopportunitytospeakEnglish.我们利用一切机会讲英语。employ指使用未被利
4、用的东西；用于人时表示雇用。Hedoesn’tknowhowtoemployhisenergyandtime.他不知道该怎么利用他的精力和时间。utilize指充分发挥某物的作用，使无用的东西变有用，或使人或物有新用途。Shehopestoutilizeherartistictalentsinthejob.她希望在工作中发挥她的艺术才能。集体名词作主语主谓一致1)通常作复数的集体名词集体名词，如：police,people,cattle,militia,poultry等，通常作复数，用复数动词。如：Domesticcattleprovideuswithmilk,beefandhid
5、es.2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词有些集体名词，如foliage,machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：AllthemachineryinthefactoryismadeinChina.3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词集体名词，如audience,committee,class,crew,family,public,government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。Thecitycouncilismeetingtosetitsagenda.4)acommittee,etc.of+复数名词如果主语是由ac
6、ommitteeof/apanelof/aboardof+复数名词构成，随后的动词通常用单数。例如：Acommitteeoffivemenandthreewomenistoconsiderthematter.近义词辨析tired,exhausted,fatigued,weary,worn-out这组词均含有疲惫的的意思。tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。Henrywassotiredthathewenttobedimmediatelyafterhegothome.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了.exhausted表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲
7、力竭。Theexhaustedengineerfellasleeponthebus.精疲力竭的工程师在公共汽车上睡着了。fatigued所表达的疲劳程度比tired和weary强，表示由于过度劳累而引起疲乏，不能再继续下去。Hefeltfatiguedanddidn’twanttosayasingleword.他疲惫不堪，不想说一句话。weary语气比tired强，指由于长时间努力工作或由于做单一的事而引起疲倦。Afteralongandwearywait,theplanefinallycametotakethemback.经过漫长而又令人疲乏的等待后，飞机终于来接他们回去了。wo
8、rnout这个词不太正式，多用于口语。1WhenJackwaseighteenhe_goingaroundwithastrangesetofpeopleandstayingoutverylate.A.tooktoB.tookforC.tookupD.tookon2He_somuchworkthathecouldn’treallydoitefficiently.A.putonB.turnedonC.broughtonD.tookon3Alargepartofhumanactivity,particularlyinrelationtotheenvironment,is_conditio
9、nsandevents.A.inresponsetoB.infavorofC.incontrasttoD.inexcessof4Anobviouschangeofattitudeatthetoptowardswomen’sstatusinsocietywill_throughthecurrentlawsysteminJapan.A.permeateB.probeC.violateD.grope5Iseemtohavereachedarathergloomyconclusion,butIthinkthatsomethingcheerfulmaystillbederived_it.A.
10、ofB.offC.fromD.with6Ifthefirealarmissounded,allresidentsarerequestedto_inthecourtyard.A.assembleB.convergeC.crowdD.accumulate7Hebelievedthatthegreatestofhis_wasthathe’dneverhadacollegeeducation.A.griefsB.misfortunesC.disastersD.sorrows8Theserviceoperates36librariesthroughoutthecountry,whilesix
11、_librariesspeciallyservethecountryside.A.mobileB.driftingC.shiftingD.rotating9Allourattemptsto_thechildfromdrowningwereinvain.A.regainB.recoverC.reserveD.rescue10Theshopassistantwasstraightwithhiscustomers.Ifanarticlewasof_qualityhe’dtellthemso.A.humbleB.inferiorC.minorD.awkward11Thenewwashing
12、machinesare_attherateoffiftyaday.A.turnupB.turndownC.turnedoutD.turnedin12_shouldanymoneybegiventoasmallchild.A.OnnoaccountB.Fromallaccounts.C.OfnoaccountD.Byallaccounts13WhileinLondon,wepaidavisittothehospitalfounded_thenurseFlorenceNightingale.A.inlinewithB.infavorofC.inhonorofD.inplaceof14Visitor
13、sareaskedto_withtheregulations.A.contrastB.consultC.complyD.conflict15HethoughthecouldtalkMr.Robinson_buyingsomeexpensiveequipment.A.onB.ofC.roundD.into16Therepublicationofthepoet’smostrecentworkscertainly_hisnationalreputation.A.magnifyB.strengthenC.enlargeD.enhance17Althoughthetwoplayersare_
14、inthetenniscourt,theyarereallygoodfriends.A.partnersB.enemiesC.rivalsD.companions18Hisbodytemperaturehasbeen_forthreedays,thehighestpointreaching40.5degreecentigrade.A.uncommonB.disorderedC.abnormalD.extraordinary19Thefinaldocumentwasofcourse,supposedtomendthedamage_upontheworldbythewar.A.imposedB.i
15、mpressedC.compelledD.compressed20ThedrowningchildwassavedbyDick’s_action.A.acuteB.alertC.profoundD.prompt21Themagicianpickedseveralpersons_fromtheaudienceandaskedthemtohelphimwiththeperformance.A.byaccidentB.atrandomC.onoccasionD.onaverage22Thisis_themostdifficultjobIhaveevertackled.A.byrights
16、B.byitselfC.byoneselfD.byfar23Ileftfortheofficeearlierthanusualthismorning_trafficjam.A.inlinewithB.forthesakeofC.incaseofD.attheriskof24We_Edison’ssuccesstohisintelligenceandhardwork.A.subjectB.attributeC.oweD.refer25InBritain,andonthecontinenttoo,theJapanesearesometimesviewed_athreattodomesticindustries.A.likeB.withC.forD.as第10页 共10页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页