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1、蒙香美 2013 3 22 动词过去式过去分词的构成work- shop- Finish- dig- Play- grow-Like- run-Die eatCry- speak-Carry- drive- Remember the past forms and past participle forms:A-A-A cut-cut-cut cost-cost-cost put-put-put read-read-readHit hit hit Hurt hurt hurtSet set set Shut shut shut Betbetbet A-B-A come-came-come bec
2、ome-became-become run-ran-runA-A-B beat-beat-beatenA-B-C begin-began-begun swim-swam-swum sing-sang-sung write-wrote-written speak-spoke-spoken choose-chose-chosen eat-ateeaten see-sawseen bring-brought-brought think-thought-thought lend-lent-lent spend-spent-spentSend sent-sent Build -built-built A
3、-B-B?Whats it used for? Whats it made of?When was it invented?Who was it invented by? 1876/BellA: What _ the _ _?B: It is made of .A: What _it _for?B: Its used for .A: When_it_?B: It was invented in_.A: Who_it _by?B: It was invented by_. 1879/Edison 1976American scientists is made of is used was inv
4、entedwas invented 一、被动语构成一、被动语构成肯 定 句主语+（）否 定 句主语+（）一般疑问句+主语+（） 特殊疑问句疑问词+ +主语+（）1Trees are planted by people in spring .This .Is Chinese used only in China?A: What was it made of?B: It was made of bamboo.His brother washes bowls every day主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Bowls are washed byhis brother every day.二、主动语态变
5、为被动语态1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）主语）+ am/is /are +过去分过去分词词 They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing.Football is played by
6、 them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beijing.He looked after the little baby yesterday.主谓宾(受动者)The little baby was looked afterbyhim yesterday .2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought
7、 (by them) last term.：一般过去时一般过去时: S+was/were +过去分过去分词词 They built the tall building last year. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used this room for resting.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of
8、 by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for resting by them.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The room will be cleaned byTom tomorrow.3.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时：S+ will+be+过去分词过
9、去分词 We will have a sports meeting next week. Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.A sports meeting will be had by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this
10、 afternoon.4Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：情态动词：S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词过去分词1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture
11、 may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.Exercises：1.Many people speak English.2.People used knives for cutting things.3.We can use the box as a table.4.We should clean the classroom every day.5.She will repair the bike tomorrow. We have made
12、twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分过去分词词被动语态被动语态(The Passive Voice)助动词助动词 be + done + donebe( is/am/are)+done be (was/were) should/can/must/may be+done一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时含情态动词含情态动词构成：构成：将来时将来时 be going to / Will /would be +done 现在完成时现在完成时Have /h
13、as / been+ done 含有情态动词的被动语态的否定句含有情态动词的被动语态的否定句: 主语+情态动词+not+.Phone can not be used in class .主动语态如何改成被动语态？主动语态如何改成被动语态？2. 主动语态的谓语动词改成被动语态的主动语态的谓语动词改成被动语态的谓语动词。谓语动词。do3. 注意保持时态和人称的一致。注意保持时态和人称的一致。 4. 带双宾的谓语动词有两种改法。当把带双宾的谓语动词有两种改法。当把直接宾语改成主语时，谓语动词后必直接宾语改成主语时，谓语动词后必须加适当的介词须加适当的介词: to, for.be donepass,
14、show, send 此类动词有：此类动词有：注注: 1. 不及物动词（不及物动词（vi.)不用被动语态不用被动语态。buy如如：givebe given to 此类动词还有：此类动词还有：e.g. happen, appear, disappear e.g. A traffic accident _(happen) just now.happened2. 连系动词连系动词（Link.v.)不用被动语态不用被动语态。 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become e.g. Peking Opera _ (sound
15、) beautiful.sounds 3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态不用被动语态 。 e.g. The pen _(write) very fast.writes This kind of sweater _(sell) well. sells4）有些短语不用被动语态 do ones best, make a face, make room(腾位子），make up ones mind, belong to不用被动语态的情况 （考点）1）不及物动词不用被动语态；注意：happen, break out ,take place The st
16、ory was happened in 1934. ( ）2）表状态的动词不用被动语态；have, lack, fit I have a new bike.3）连系动词不用被动语态；The story is sounded true. ( ）1）感官动词 ( taste ; feel ; smell ; sound ; look ) 用主动形式表示被动。 How sweet the music sounds ! Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth .2） write、read、sell、keep、prove、weigh、number、drink、w
17、ear、pay、wash、open常用主动形式表被动意义。尤其是有副词 well, easily时。 The book sells well . ( 这本书销路很好。 ) The door will not open . ( 这扇门就是打不开。 ) This dress washes better . ( 这衣服较好洗。 ) The sign reads as follows . ( 这牌子告示如下。 ) 特殊情况 （考试重点 ） 3）need, demand, want(需要）, require, be worth等后用动名词表被动。 The desk needs repairing. Th
18、e novel is worth seeing.注意：need后可接动名词表被动，又可接动词不定式的被动形式。但若有附加成分有用动词不定式的被动形式。比较： The desk needs repairing. The desk needs to be repaired. 4) 注意动名词的被动形式，（being done) Nobody likes being laughed at. 没人喜欢被嘲笑。 中考被动语态考题中考被动语态考题1.The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty thing into it.(南京市中考题）南京市中考题） A
19、be stopped to throw B be stopped from throwing C stop to throw D stop from throwing 2.This book _ often _from the library.(北京市北京市中考题）中考题）A arent take away B taken awayC isnt taken away D be taken away3.He _ _ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. (黄冈市中考题）黄冈市中考题）was told5. Another man-
20、made satellite was sent up into space by them last week (济南市中考题）济南市中考题） another man-made satellite into space last week.变主动语态变主动语态7.People there planted many trees last year. Trees _ _ by people there last year. (青岛市中考题）青岛市中考题）8. They grow vegetables on the farm. The vegetables _ _on the farm（上（上海市中考题）海市中考题）TThey sent upwere planted are grown