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1、专业英语四级语法与词汇结构应试强化训练七十四认真做做题目，专心看看各个讲解，从而巩固你的语法和词汇知识！以前这一章节我们为大家整理的部分专四词汇语法知识，希望可以帮到各位考生！关于usedto的意义和用法usedto(只有过去时形式，没有现在时形式)表示过去习惯动作或状态，这种情况现已不复存在。例如：Heusedtosmokealot,buthehaslonggivenupsmoking.在否定陈述句或否定疑问句中，用didn’tuseto或usedn’tto均可Hedidn’tusetosmokecigarettes.Heusedn’ttosm
2、okecigarettes.Didn’tMariausetobeinterestedinthetheatre?Usedn’tMariatobeinterestedinthetheatre?在肯定疑问句中也可有两种形式：UsedyoutogotothesameschoolasEdward?DidyouusetogotothesameschoolasEdward?近义词辨析use,apply,avail,employ,utilize这组词均含有使用或利用之意。use强调利用人或物作为工具。Heusedupallhisresourcesinexperimentingwitht
3、henewpaint.他为实验新的涂料，花光了一切钱财。apply指把某物或某种方法、原理等加以应用。Weshouldnotonlyknowthetheorybutalsoknowhowtoapplyittopractice.我们不仅要知道理论，还要知道怎样把理论应用于实践。avail指使用就近的或他人给予的东西，或使别人为自己提供服务。Idon’tthinkcomplaintswillavailyoumuch.我觉得抱怨对你没多大用处。WeavailourselvesofeveryopportunitytospeakEnglish.我们利用一切机会讲英语。employ指使用未被利
4、用的东西；用于人时表示雇用。Hedoesn’tknowhowtoemployhisenergyandtime.他不知道该怎么利用他的精力和时间。utilize指充分发挥某物的作用，使无用的东西变有用，或使人或物有新用途。Shehopestoutilizeherartistictalentsinthejob.她希望在工作中发挥她的艺术才能。集体名词作主语主谓一致1)通常作复数的集体名词集体名词，如：police,people,cattle,militia,poultry等，通常作复数，用复数动词。如：Domesticcattleprovideuswithmilk,beefandhid
5、es.2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词有些集体名词，如foliage,machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：AllthemachineryinthefactoryismadeinChina.3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词集体名词，如audience,committee,class,crew,family,public,government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。Thecitycouncilismeetingtosetitsagenda.4)acommittee,etc.of+复数名词如果主语是由ac
6、ommitteeof/apanelof/aboardof+复数名词构成，随后的动词通常用单数。例如：Acommitteeoffivemenandthreewomenistoconsiderthematter.近义词辨析tired,exhausted,fatigued,weary,worn-out这组词均含有疲惫的的意思。tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。Henrywassotiredthathewenttobedimmediatelyafterhegothome.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了.exhausted表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲
7、力竭。Theexhaustedengineerfellasleeponthebus.精疲力竭的工程师在公共汽车上睡着了。fatigued所表达的疲劳程度比tired和weary强，表示由于过度劳累而引起疲乏，不能再继续下去。Hefeltfatiguedanddidn’twanttosayasingleword.他疲惫不堪，不想说一句话。weary语气比tired强，指由于长时间努力工作或由于做单一的事而引起疲倦。Afteralongandwearywait,theplanefinallycametotakethemback.经过漫长而又令人疲乏的等待后，飞机终于来接他们回去了。wo
8、rnout这个词不太正式，多用于口语。Thetroopswereworn?outafterwinningthebattle.战后,部队疲惫不堪。1Although_Spanish,heattendedthecourse.A.hewasknowingB.heisknowingC.havingaknowledgeofD.knows2You_thatlettertoJames.However,youdidn’t.A.oughttowriteB.oughttohavewrittenC.shouldwriteD.shouldbewriting3Josephwasverylucky_withh
9、islife;healmostdidnotgetoutoftheroom.A.toescapeB.tohaveescapedC.toescapingD.tobeescaping4Breadandbutter_likedbyWesterners.A.isB.areC.wereD.be5Thebackgardenofourhousecontainsalawn,_verypleasanttositoninsummer.A.whichisB.whichitisC.itisD.whereitis6Hesetupinbusiness_hisownandwasverysuccessful.A.inB.ofC
10、.onD.by7John’sscoreonthetestisthehighestintheclass;he_lastnight.A.muststudyB.shouldhavestudiedC.musthavestudiedD.issuretostudy8Frankalmostneverreceivedanyeducation,_A.wouldheB.didheC.didn’theD.wouldn’the9Evenifhisletter_tomorrow,it_toolatetodoanything.A.willarrive.isB.shouldarrive.
11、wereC.arrives.willbeD.arrives.wouldbe10Wecanhear_fromthebackoftheroom.A.justasgoodB.justaseasyC.justaswellD.easilyaswell11Toobtainasatisfactoryresult,onemustapplytwo_ofpaintonacleansurface.A.coatsB.levelsC.timesD.courses12Thesmallmountainvillagewas_bythesnowformorethanonemonth.A.cutbackB.cutoutC.cut
12、offD.cutaway13MissGreenwas_$100fordrivingafterdrinking.A.finedB.chargedC.punishedD.posed14Modern_perhapscausesmoreproblemsthanitsolves.A.techniqueB.technologyC.tacticsD.tendency15Marytiptoedoverandtooktheclockawaybecauseshehatedtohearit_whenshewastryingtogotosleep.A.soundingB.ringingC.tickingD.hummi
13、ng16Underthis_pressuresomeoftherocksevenbecameliquid.A.intensiveB.weightyC.intenseD.bulky17Ofcourse,mostimmigrantsdidnotgetrichovernight,butthe_ofthemwereeventuallyabletoimproveupontheirformerstandardofliving.A.maximumB.minorityC.majorityD.minimum18Nancywassurprisedthattheyhave_.Theyseemedtobeahappy
14、couple.A.splitupB.brokendownC.fallenthroughD.knockedout19Thebeachisinanideal_todrawtourists.A.conditionB.situationC.stateD.publicity20Our_sensitivitydecreaseswithage.Byage60,mostpeoplehavelost40percentoftheirabilitytosmelland50percentoftheirtastebuds.A.sensibleB.senselessC.sensitiveD.sensory21Theeld
15、estchildisthoroughly_becausetheyalwaysgivehimwhateverhewantsA.wastedB.spoiledC.destroyedD.uneducated22Ifasubstanceisdissolvedinwaterorheated,itmay_agas.A.giveintoB.giveoverC.giveoffD.giveaway23HismannerwassopleasantthatBollafeltat_withhimatonce.A.peaceB.largeC.easeD.best24Canyoutakethedayofftomorrow
16、?Well,I’llhavetoget_frommyboss.A.permissionB.permitC.allowanceD.possession25The_inJanet’scharacterhashinderedherfromadvancementinhercareer.A.weaknessB.meritC.defectD.shortcoming第10页 共10页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页第 10 页 共 10 页