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1、 状 语 从 句1. 状语从句的语法意义状语从句 的语法意义1. 状语从句在句中起状语作用，修饰主句的谓语动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。2. 状语从句通常由从属连词引导，与主句相连。3. 状语从句放在句首时，通常在其后加上逗号；若放在句末，其前一般不用逗号。 2. 状语从句的分类种类连接词例句注意事项时间状语when(当时候)while/as(在期间) until/till(直到才) as soon as(一就) before(在之前)after(在之后)1. While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.2. I will call you
2、 as soon as I get home. 3. He didnt go to bed till / until his father came back.4. I worked until he came back.5. It will be four days before they come back.主句表示将来意义时，从句须用一般现在时；while引导的从句中动词一般是延续性的；till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬间动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。地点状语where
3、(在地方)wherever(无论何时)1. Where there is a will , there is a way. 有志者事竟成。2. He will work wherever the people need him.原因状语because(因为) as(由于；因为) since(既然) 1. I didnt go to school yesterday because I was ill. 2. Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. 3. As you are in poor health, you should not
4、stay up late. because语气最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题，引导原因状语从句多位于主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。as和since语气较弱，一般用来表示显而易见的或已为人们所知的原因由as和since引导的原因状语从句多位于主句前。条件状语if(如果)unless=if not (除非)as long as (只要)1. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go hiking. 2. You will get good grades if you study hard. 3. I will go
5、to the party unless he goes there too. 当主句时态是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。当主句为情态动词作为谓语时，从句要用一般现在时。当主句为祈使句时，从句要用一般现在时。即所谓主将从现，主情从现，主祈从现。目的状语so that=in order that(以便)1. I opened the window so that fresh air might come in.2. Take an umbrella in case it rains.从句中常有may, should, could, would等情态动词结果状语sothat(如此以至于) suc
6、hthat(如此以至于)1. He always studied so hard that he made great progress. 2. Its such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park. 注意so和such后的搭配词so+adj./adv. .such+(adj.)+n. .比较状语than (比) asas (与一样) not so/asas(与不一样) 1. He works as hard as his brother.2. He does not work as hard as his brother.3.
7、 You know yourself better than I do.as和than引导的从句，常省去与主句中相同部分，只留下相比较的部分；常用动词do(did/does)代替与主句相同的谓语部分。方式状语as if=as though(似乎/好像)as(如、像、按)1. China has an old saying：do as the Romans do”.2. They look as if/as though they know each other.as if 和as though后的从句一般用虚拟语气。让步状语(al)though(虽然/尽管) even if/though(即使
8、) 1. Although/Though he was exhausted, (still) he kept on working.2. Well make a trip even if/though the weather is bad.although和though同义，可换用。只是though较普遍，常用于非正式的口语或书面语中，而although则较为正式。另外although语气比though重though和although都可和yet/still连用，但不可和but连用。【实例解析】1.You will stay healthy _ you do more exercise, su
9、ch as running and walking. A. if B. how C. before D. where【解析】该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，从句应是一个条件状语从句，在这四个选项中只有if能引导条件状语从句，所以选A。2. -Shall we go on working? -Yes, _ I prefer to have a rest. A. when B. if C. because D. though【解析】该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，只有选though才能说得通。3. None of us knew what had hap
10、pened _ they told us about it. A. when B. until C. after D. though【解析】该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词选择。本句的意思是“在以前我们没人知道这件事。”要表达这一意思应用“notuntil” 这一句型。4. -I hope youll enjoy your trip, dear! -Thank you, mum. Ill give you a call _ I get there. A. until B. as soon as C. since D. till【解析】该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。本题的意思是“一
11、到那里，我就给你打电话。”要表达这个意思应选用as soon as。【实战演练】一. 单项选择。1. _ hes old, he can still carry this heavy bag. A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he _ to play basket ball with us? -I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be3. In
12、 the zoo if a child _ into the water and cant swim, the dolphins may come up _ him. A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping4. I dont remember _ he worked in that city when he was young. A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit
13、 us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police asked the children _ cross the street _ the traffic lights turned green. A. not; before B. dont; when C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike. A. when B. that C. unt
14、il D. because8. Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow. A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, the _ you are, the _ mistakes you will make. A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons _ you go out to pla
15、y. A. before B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless12. When you read the book, youd better make a mark _ you have any questions. A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him
16、. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat _ he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if D. since15. It is _ that wed like to go out for a walk. A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day16. Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her office all
17、 day. A. such B. so C. too D. very17. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work. A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As20. Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing. A. will get B. get C. getting D. got二. 根据中文意思完成下列英语句子1
18、. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当作母亲。 Mrs. Bruce was _ kind to her students _ they _ her _ their mother.2. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。 Our parents will be pleased with our performance _ _ _ we try our best.3. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？ Will you please call me _ _ _ you get to Shanghai.4. 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。 The seven-y
19、ear-old girl likes playing the piano _ _ _ she has kept practicing for two years.5. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。 _ _ _ _, she kept on learning English by herself.6. 他长大后相当一名记者。 He wants to be a journalist _ _ _ _.7. 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。 _ _ _ _ _ to protecting the environment, the world will become much more
20、 beautiful.8. 李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。 Li Ming didnt come to school _ _ _ _.【参考答案】一. 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B二. 1. no matter what; plays 2.so; that; regarded; as 3. as long as 4. as long as 5. so much that 6. Though she was busy 7. when he gro
21、ws up 8.Whether its 9. If everyone makes a contribution 10. because he was ill【课后练习】一、选择和填空1. Lucy knew nothing about it _ her sister told her.河北省 A. because B. until C. if D. since2. Other people wont be pleased if he _ the queue.河南省 A. will jump B. jumps C. jump D. jumped3. The young man travelled
22、 all over the world _ he had a man-made leg.河南省 A. though B. if C. as D. because4. The students will go to Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow.甘肃省 A. dont rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. isnt rain 5. The driver hurt the girl _ badly _ she had to see a doctor.新缰 A. so, that B. either, or C. too, to D.
23、 neither, nor6. David was so careless that he didnt find the mistakes in his test paper. (改为简单句)福州市 David was _ careless _ find the mistakes in his test paper. 7. The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldnt skate on it. The ice on the lake was _ thick _ _ people _ _ _.8. The girl was too exc
24、ited to say a word. The girl was _ excited _ he couldnt say a word.9. The men was so old that he couldnt climb the hill. The man was _ old _ climb the hill.二、单项选择1. It _ ten years since they _ to France. A. was; moved B. was; have moved C. is; have moved D. is; moved 2. He _ wait until the rain _ A.
25、 wont; will stop B. wont; stop C. will; stops D. will; will stop 3. He will go to the Great Wall if it _ tomorrow A. wont rain B. doesnt rain C. dont rain D. isnt raining 4. _ you eat old food, you may be ill. A. Before B. Why C. If D. Which 5. Jack runs as _ as Tom A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. m
26、uch6. Miss Gao asked a question, but it was _ that nobody could answer it A. very difficult B. too difficult C. difficult enough D. so difficult 7. I cant understand this passage _ there are no new words in it A. if B. because C. though D. and 8. Why did Li Lei use a pencil? _ his pen was broken. A.
27、 Because B. When C. Until D. If 9. He was _ angry to hear the news that he couldnt say a word. A. so B. too C. very D. much10. They are _ lovely boys that all the teachers love them. A. so B. too C. such D. many11. Because his mother was ill, _ he must stay at home to look after her. A. / B. so C. t
28、hat D. either12. Though the workers were very tired, _ they went on planting trees. A. and B. but C. / D. so13. They didnt watch TV _ they finished their homework. A. after B. when C. until D. as14. Ill write to you as soon as I _ Beijing. A. get to B. arrive C. will get to D. will arrive15. Well ha
29、ve a trip if it _ rain. A. wont B. will C. dont D. doesnt16. _ you hurry up, we will be late for school. A. If B. / C. Unless D. When17. He saves money _ he can buy some birthday presents for his mother. A. so B. so thatC. such that D. in order18. He will tell his mother when his mother_ back. A.com
30、e B. will come C. comes D. to come19. If you _ carefully, you _ the report well. A. will listen, will be understoodB. will listen, understand C. listen, will understand D. listen, understand20. Do you know when he _ back tomorrow？ Sorry, I dont. When he _ back, Ill tell you. A. comes; comes B. comes; will come C. will come; comes D. will come; will come学科网（北京）股份有限公司