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1、 形容词用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词，表形容词用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词，表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。而副词是用示人或物的性质、特征和状态。而副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，有时也能修饰名词，表示时间、地点、方式、有时也能修饰名词，表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。程度等。 中考重点要求：中考重点要求： 1、形容词、副词比较级，最高级常用句型、形容词、副词比较级，最高级常用句型 2、形容词的倍数表达法和副词的位置、形容词的倍数表达法和副词的位置 3、多个形容词修饰同一名词的前后顺序、多个形容词修饰同一名词的前后顺序 4、分清常用同义、近义
2、形容词、副词在表、分清常用同义、近义形容词、副词在表达中的语义差别达中的语义差别形容词在句子中的作用形容词在句子中的作用 1大部分形容词能作定语、表语或宾语补足大部分形容词能作定语、表语或宾语补足语语, 如：如： a beautiful park 一座美丽的公园一座美丽的公园 The play Tea-house（茶馆）（茶馆）is both moving and interesting. Who left the window open? How long will the weather stay sunny ? The silk clothes feel soft. How intere
3、sting the story sounds!定冠词定冠词the + 形容词形容词 定冠词定冠词the + 形容词形容词”表示一类人或物，作表示一类人或物，作“主语或宾语主语或宾语”，意思为，意思为“的一种人的一种人”，“的一类东西或事情的一类东西或事情”。 The new will take the place of the old . （新（新事物将代替旧事物。）事物将代替旧事物。） The young are fond of sports .(年轻人喜欢年轻人喜欢体育运动。体育运动。) The Living and the Dead is a horror film. 3有些形容词只能作
4、表语有些形容词只能作表语 如：如： 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词程度副词修饰。大多数以修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。害怕的。 （错）（错） He is an ill man. （对）（对） The man is ill. （错）（错） She is an afraid girl. （对）（对） The girl is afraid. well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，a
5、like，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等 词加词加-ed 和和 ing都可构成形容词都可构成形容词 加加-ed的形容词表示的形容词表示“人感到如何人感到如何”，加，加-ing的形容词则用来描写事物的形容词则用来描写事物， 如：如： We were excited when we heard the exciting news. alarming,amusing,astonishing,charming, daring,demanding,encouraging,confusing, disappointing,discouraging,exciting, interest
6、ing,inviting,pleasing,promising, shocking,striking,surprising ly等后缀 形容词 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly (有有品质的品质的 ) （错（错） She sang lovely. （错）（错） He spoke to me very friendly. （对）（对） Her singing was lovely. （对）（对） He spoke to me in a very friendly 有些以有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，结尾既为形容词
7、，。 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.形容词后缀形容词后缀 分两大类。一类是加到名词上的分两大类。一类是加到名词上的 加到名词上的主要有：加到名词上的主要有： -y，：，：bloody, dirty, healthy, juicy, muddy； -ful：careful, faithful, helpful, peaceful, useful； -less：careless, harmless, noiseless, senseless, us
8、eless； -ous/-ious：dangerous; courageous, mysterious； -al/-tal/-ial/-tial：accidental, horizontal, colonial, influential； -ic/-etic/-atic，：，：artistic, sympathetic, systematic； -ish：childish, foolish, selfish； -like： life-like, business-like, war-like； -ed/-en：skilled, horned, golden, wooden。 加到动词上的有加到
9、动词上的有 -ent/-ant，如：如：dependent, different, observant, pleasant； -able/-ible，如：，如： agreeable, comfortable, defensible, sensible(明智的明智的;合情理的合情理的 )； -ive/-tive/-ative/-itive，如：，如：active, attentive, imaginative, sensitive(敏感的敏感的;易受伤害的易受伤害的 )； -ed/-en，如：，如：advanced, noted, stolen, swollen； -ing，如：，如：annoy
10、ing, disgusting, entertaining。 形容词在句子中的位置形容词在句子中的位置 形容词一般放在被修饰的名词之前。两个或形容词一般放在被修饰的名词之前。两个或两个以上形容词修饰一个名词时，形容词排两个以上形容词修饰一个名词时，形容词排列的次序一般应考虑下面二种情况。列的次序一般应考虑下面二种情况。 （1）与被修饰名词关系比较密切的形容词）与被修饰名词关系比较密切的形容词位置靠近名词，位置靠近名词， 如：如：an exciting American film （2）音节少的形容词位置在前，音节多的）音节少的形容词位置在前，音节多的形容位置在后。形容位置在后。 1）修饰复合不
11、定代词）修饰复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing等，等， 如：如：anything important, nothing easy （2）同表示数量的词组连用，）同表示数量的词组连用， 如：如：twenty feet long, five years old 3几个形容词修饰一名词时，一般顺序为几个形容词修饰一名词时，一般顺序为大小（大小（little除外）、形状、色彩、由来、用除外）、形状、色彩、由来、用途。如：途。如： a fine round maple（枫木）（枫木）writing table, a famous old English country
12、 house二、副词二、副词 副词在句子中主要用作状语，许多副词皆由形容词副词在句子中主要用作状语，许多副词皆由形容词加加-ly 构成，如：构成，如：careful-carefully. 副词主要被分为以下几种：副词主要被分为以下几种： 1时间副词，如：时间副词，如：often，early，usually，frequently always constantly now 2地点副词，如：地点副词，如：here，above，outside，below，there 3方式副词，如：方式副词，如：hard，fast，badly，well 4程度副词，如：程度副词，如：very，quite，much，
13、still，even，almost 5疑问副词，如：疑问副词，如：how，when，why， where副词在句子中的位置副词在句子中的位置时间副词和地点副词的位置时间副词和地点副词的位置表示确定时间的副词和地点的副词，一般表示确定时间的副词和地点的副词，一般放在句尾，如句中同时有地点副词和时间放在句尾，如句中同时有地点副词和时间副词，副词，地点副词通常在前地点副词通常在前，时间副词在后。时间副词在后。修饰形容词和副词的程度副词，除修饰形容词和副词的程度副词，除enough后置外，一般放在被修饰词的前面后置外，一般放在被修饰词的前面。副词。副词在此作状语。在此作状语。 如：如： be well
14、 enough, go fast enough 修饰动词的方式副词有以下几种修饰动词的方式副词有以下几种修饰不及物动词时，该副词要后置，如：修饰不及物动词时，该副词要后置，如：sing well修饰及物动词时，可放在被修饰词之前或宾语修饰及物动词时，可放在被修饰词之前或宾语之后；如宾语较长也可放在动词和宾语之间。之后；如宾语较长也可放在动词和宾语之间。如：如：study English hard，see clearly the words on the blackboard及物动词和副词（如：及物动词和副词（如：down，on，off，in，out，up等）等），其宾语是名词，该名，其宾语是名
15、词，该名词可放在副词之前或之后：如是代词，该代词词可放在副词之前或之后：如是代词，该代词一定要放在副词前。一定要放在副词前。He cut down the tree. / He cut the tree down. / He cut it down.形容词原级、比较级和最高级的用法形容词原级、比较级和最高级的用法 1 两者比较情况一样两者比较情况一样，常用，常用“as+形容词原级形容词原级+as”句句型。型。2 He is as tall as his monitor .3 两者比较，表示一方在某方面不如另一方，常用两者比较，表示一方在某方面不如另一方，常用“not so /as +形容词原级
16、形容词原级+as”句型。句型。A train doesnt travel so fast as a plane .4 三者或三者以上比较，表示某人某物三者或三者以上比较，表示某人某物“最最”时，时，用用“the+形容词最高级形容词最高级+比较范围比较范围”句型。句型。Asia is by far the largest of the seven continents . She writes (the) most carefully of the three .5 比较级比较级+and+比较级比较级“越来越越来越” It is getting cooler and cooler in autu
17、mn. She is becoming more and more active in taking part in social activities.6 the +比较级，比较级，the +比较级比较级“越越越越” The harder he studies , the greater progress he will make .形容词和副词考点 1 (1)Tom sounds very much _in the job, but Im not sure whether he can manage it. (2006安徽安徽) A. interested B. interesting C
18、. interestingly D. interestedly 2What a nice fire you have in your fireplace! During the winter I like my house _. (2005上海春上海春) A. warmly and comfortably B. warm and comfortable C. warm and comfortably D. warmly and comfortable 形容词和副词考点 1 (1)Tom sounds very much _in the job, but Im not sure whether
19、he can manage it. (2006安徽安徽) A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly D. interestedly 2What a nice fire you have in your fireplace! During the winter I like my house _. (2005上海春上海春) A. warmly and comfortably B. warm and comfortable C. warm and comfortably D. warmly and comfortable 3 She doesnt
20、speak _her friend, but her written work is excellent. (1993全国全国) A. as well as B. so often as C. so much as D. as good as 4_, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. (2004上海春上海春)A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange 3 She do
21、esnt speak _her friend, but her written work is excellent. (1993全国全国) A. as well as B. so often as C. so much as D. as good as 4_, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. (2004上海春上海春)A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange 二、考
22、查形容词作定语的后置规律二、考查形容词作定语的后置规律 5 _to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (2000全国全国) A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave 6 All the people _at the party were his supporters. (2002北京北京) A. present B. thankf
23、ul C. interested D. important 5 _to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (2000全国全国) A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave 6 All the people _at the party were his supporters. (2002北京北京) A. present B. than
24、kful C. interested D. important形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但下列三种情况形容词要后形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但下列三种情况形容词要后置：置：形容词短语作定语时；形容词短语作定语时；表语形容词作定语时；表语形容词作定语时；修饰复合不定代词时。修饰复合不定代词时。 三、考查多个形容词作定语的排序三、考查多个形容词作定语的排序 (7) John Smith, a successful businessman, has a _car. (2004辽宁) A. large German white B. large white German C. whi
25、te large German D. German large white (8)_ students are required to take part in the boat race. (2004浙江) A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese 三、考查多个形容词作定语的排序三、考查多个形容词作定语的排序 (7) John Smith, a successful businessman, has a _car
26、. (2004辽宁辽宁) A. large German white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white (8)_ students are required to take part in the boat race. (2004浙江浙江) A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：多
27、个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：(限定词限定词+程度副词程度副词+) 描绘描绘+大小大小(长短、高低长短、高低)+形状形状+年龄年龄(新旧新旧)+颜色颜色+国籍或产地国籍或产地+物质材料物质材料+类别或用途类别或用途+名词名词 9 The husband gave his wife _every month in order to please her. (2004重庆重庆) A. all half his income B. his half all income C. half his all income D. all his half income 10 How was your r
28、ecent visit to Qingdao? It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the _days at the seaside. (1995全国全国) A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last 9 The husband gave his wife _every month in order to please her. (2004重庆重庆) A. all half his income B. his half all inc
29、ome C. half his all income D. all his half income 10 How was your recent visit to Qingdao? It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the _days at the seaside. (1995全国全国) A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last 注：限定词的排序：注：限定词的排序：前位限定词前位限定词 (指量限指量限定词定词all, both,
30、half等；等；倍数词倍数词double, twice等；分数词等；分数词one-third, two-fifths等等) +中位限定词中位限定词 (冠词，指示代词冠词，指示代词，形容词性物主代词，名词所有形容词性物主代词，名词所有格格)+后位限定词后位限定词 (序数词及序数词及last, next等；基数词及等；基数词及few, several等等) 四、考查副词在句中的位置规律四、考查副词在句中的位置规律 (11) If I had _, Id visit Europe, stopping at the small interesting places. (1998全国全国) A. a h
31、oliday long enough B. an enough long holiday C. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough频度副词频度副词always, usually, often, never等一般放在等一般放在行为行为动词前动词前，或者情态动词、助动词或，或者情态动词、助动词或be动词之动词之后。后。表示方式的副词表示方式的副词通常放在通常放在“动词动词(+宾语宾语)”之后之后；同时有表示时间、地点和方式的副词时，同时有表示时间、地点和方式的副词时，其顺序一般为：方式地点时间。其顺序一般为：方式地点时间。 四、考查副词在句
32、中的位置规律四、考查副词在句中的位置规律 (11) If I had _, Id visit Europe, stopping at the small interesting places. (1998全国全国) A. a holiday long enough B. an enough long holiday C. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough频度副词频度副词always, usually, often, never等一般放在等一般放在行为动词前，或者情态动词、助动词或行为动词前，或者情态动词、助动词或be动词之动词之后。表
33、示方式的副词通常放在后。表示方式的副词通常放在“动词动词(+宾语宾语)”之后；同时有表示时间、地点和方式的副词时，之后；同时有表示时间、地点和方式的副词时，其顺序一般为：方式地点时间。如：其顺序一般为：方式地点时间。如： 五、考查五、考查ed形容词和形容词和-ing形容词的区别形容词的区别 (12) Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _. (2004重庆重庆) A. worried B. to worried C. worrying D. worry
34、(13)It is believed that if a book is _, it will surely _ the reader. (2003上海上海) A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interested C. interested; be interesting D. interesting; interest(23)Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. (2003京春京春) A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired
35、; bored D. tiring; boring 五、考查五、考查ed形容词和形容词和-ing形容词的区别形容词的区别 (12) Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _. (2004重庆重庆) A. worried B. to worried C. worrying D. worry (13)It is believed that if a book is _, it will surely _ the reader. (2003上海上海) A. in
36、terested; interest B. interesting; be interested C. interested; be interesting D. interesting; interest(23)Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. (2003京春京春) A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring六、考查两种不同形式的副词的用法差异六、考查两种不同形式的副词的用法差异 (15) It was raining hea
37、vily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood _to her mother. (2002北京北京) A. close B. closely C. closed D. closing六、考查两种不同形式的副词的用法差异六、考查两种不同形式的副词的用法差异 (15) It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood _to her mother. (2002北京北京) A. close B. closely C. closed D. closing七考查形容词和副词的比较等级七考查形容词和副
38、词的比较等级 (16)A typhoon swept across tiffs area with heavy rains and winds _ strong as 113 miles per hour. (2006上海上海) A. too B. very C. so D. as (17)John is the tallest boy in the class, _ according to himself. (2005安徽安徽) A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight C. as five foot eight
39、 tall as D. as tall five foot eight as 1. as+形容词形容词/副词原级副词原级+as 七考查形容词和副词的比较等级七考查形容词和副词的比较等级 (16)A typhoon swept across tiffs area with heavy rains and winds _ strong as 113 miles per hour. (2006上海上海) A. too B. very C. so D. as (17)John is the tallest boy in the class, _ according to himself. (2005安
40、徽安徽) A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as 1. as+形容词形容词/副词原级副词原级+as 2. not as/so+原级原级+as (29) He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _a native speaker. (2004上海上海) A. as fluent as B. more fluent than C. so flu
41、ently as D. much fluently than (30)Do you have a big library? No, we dontat least, not _ yours. A. bigger as B. as big as C. as big than D. as bigger than 2. not as/so+原级原级+as (29) He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _a native speaker. (2004上海上海) A. as fluent as B. more fluent than C. s
42、o fluently as D. much fluently than (30)Do you have a big library? No, we dontat least, not _ yours. A. bigger as B. as big as C. as big than D. as bigger than3. as +形容词形容词+(a/an+)名词名词+as (21) Our neighbour has _ ours. (2003北京北京) A. as a big house as B. as big a house asC. the same big house as D. a
43、 house the same big as (22)It is generally believed that teaching is _ it is a science. (2001全国全国) A. an art much as B. much an art as C. as an art much as D. as much an art as3. as +形容词形容词+(a/an+)名词名词+as (21) Our neighbour has _ ours. (2003北京北京) A. as a big house as B. as big a house asC. the same
44、big house as D. a house the same big as (22)It is generally believed that teaching is _ it is a science. (2001全国全国) A. an art much as B. much an art as C. as an art much as D. as much an art as比较级比较级+than (24)Did you take enough money with you? No, I needed _ I thought I would. (2006全国全国II) A. not s
45、o much as B. as much as C. much more than D. much less than (25)Mr. Smith owns _collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met. (2005山东山东 A. larger B. a larger C. the larger D. a large比较级比较级+than (24)Did you take enough money with you? No, I needed _ I thought I would. (2006全国全国II) A. not so m
46、uch as B. as much as C. much more than D. much less than (25)Mr. Smith owns _collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met. (2005山东山东 A. larger B. a larger C. the larger D. a large 6. 隐含式比较级 有时省略或不点明被比较的对象，而是通过语境有时省略或不点明被比较的对象，而是通过语境来暗示被比较的对象来暗示被比较的对象 (26)I wish youd do _ talking and some mor
47、e work. Thus things will become better. (2006江苏江苏) A. a bit less B. any less C. much more D. a little more (27)I dont think this film is by far the most boring. I have seen_ . (2006江西江西) A. better B. worse C. the best D. the worst28 Mary kept weighing herself to see how much _ she was getting. (2004
48、全国全国) A. heavier B. heavy C. the heavier D. the heaviest 6. 隐含式比较级 有时省略或不点明被比较的对象，而是通过语境有时省略或不点明被比较的对象，而是通过语境来暗示被比较的对象来暗示被比较的对象 (26)I wish youd do _ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better. (2006江苏江苏) A. a bit less B. any less C. much more D. a little more (27)I dont think this fi
49、lm is by far the most boring. I have seen_ . (2006江西江西) A. better B. worse C. the best D. the worst28 Mary kept weighing herself to see how much _ she was getting. (2004全国全国) A. heavier B. heavy C. the heavier D. the heaviest 7. 否定式谓语+比较级：有最高级含义 29 Your story is perfect; Ive never heard _ before. (2
50、006全国全国II) A. the better one B. the best one C. a better one D. a good one (30) Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds, and I have not seen _ this year. (2005浙江浙江)A. the best B. better C. the most D. more 7. 否定式谓语+比较级：有最高级含义 29 Your story is perfect; Ive never heard _ before. (2006全国全国II) A. the bet