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1、 虚拟语气虚拟语气错中学错中学 易掌握易掌握【改错【改错】11. If I was you, I would run faster.虚拟语气十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析were_ 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法【改错【改错】12. If I live near my office, I would walk to work.虚拟语气十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析lived_ 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法【改错【改错】 注意！13. I know nothing about the film. If I knew
2、 about it, I will tell you.虚拟语气十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析would_条件条件从句从句If 从句的谓语从句的谓语形式形式主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在现在过去时过去时(were)would/could/should/ might +v. (原原) 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法【改错【改错】 注意！2. If she worked hard enough, she would have passed the English exam. 虚拟语气十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析had条件条件从句从句If 从句的谓
3、从句的谓语形式语形式主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式过去过去过去完成时过去完成时would/could/should/might +have done/been 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法【改错【改错】 注意！3. If it were not rain tomorrow, they might went to the Great Wall. 虚拟语气十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析to条件条件从句从句If 从句的谓语从句的谓语形式形式主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式将来将来should do 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法did
4、 (were)would/could/should/ might +v. (原原)were to do【改错【改错】 注意！41. If you asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. 主句与从句的动作发生在主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间不同的时间, 这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同气形式因时间不同而不同, 这叫做这叫做混合条混合条件句件句（错综时间虚拟条件句错综时间虚拟条件句）。虚拟语气十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析had混合条件句（混合条件句（错综时间虚拟条件句错综时间虚拟
5、条件句）yesterdaynow混合虚拟语气经典一句型：混合虚拟语气经典一句型： if +主语主语 + had+过去分词过去分词; 主语主语 + would + 动词原形动词原形 + now 前半句与过去相反，后半句与现在相反。前半句与过去相反，后半句与现在相反。 混合虚拟混合虚拟if 后面加过完后面加过完, 主句主句 would 加动原，加动原，后面有后面有now 是关键。是关键。He would be a good sportsman now if he trained regularly. had【改错【改错】 注意！42. If it were not for the fact tha
6、t she couldnt sing, I would invite her to the party.（06福建卷）福建卷） 同位语从句是真实的同位语从句是真实的虚拟语气十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析句中句句中句cant_【改错【改错】 注意！5. Should the weather fine, we might go on a trip. 虚拟语气倒装句虚拟语气倒装句虚拟语气十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析be If 后若是后若是were，had，should 时，时，if 可可以省略，三词可以提前。以省略，三词可以提前。 1.If I were you, I woul
7、d go there. _2.If he had eaten it,he would have died. _3.If it should snow tomorrow,we would play a snow game. _Were I you, I would go there.Had he eaten it, he would have died.Should it snow tomorrow, we would play a snow game.6. She was very busy yesterday, otherwise she would come to the meeting.
8、otherwise的意思是的意思是“要不然要不然”，它在本句，它在本句中用于对前面一句中用于对前面一句 (She was very busy yesterday)所表示的事实进行假设，相当于所表示的事实进行假设，相当于 if she had not been very busy yesterday，所以其后句子的谓语用虚拟语气所以其后句子的谓语用虚拟语气(would+have+过去分词过去分词)。虚拟语气十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析【改错】高考链接【改错】高考链接have含蓄虚拟语气含蓄虚拟语气(1) I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would h
9、ave takenpart in the sports meet.（副词）（副词）(2) He telephoned to tell me of your birthday, or / otherwise I would have known nothing about it.（连词）（连词）直陈语气直陈语气虚拟语气虚拟语气直陈语气直陈语气虚拟语气虚拟语气含蓄条件句含蓄条件句有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现现if引导的条件句，而通过其他手段来代替条件句。引导的条件句，而通过其他手段来代替条件句。(3) I might have given
10、you more help, but I was too busy.（连词）（连词）直陈语气直陈语气虚拟语气虚拟语气 含蓄条件句，即句子一半为虚拟，另一含蓄条件句，即句子一半为虚拟，另一半为陈述语气；半为陈述语气；but前句用虚拟，而前句用虚拟，而or/otherwise后句用虚拟。后句用虚拟。(4) 用介词短语代替条件状语从句常用的介词有用介词短语代替条件状语从句常用的介词有with, without, but for 等。如：等。如：What would you do with a million dollars?We could not have finished the work ah
11、ead of time without your help.But for the rain, we would have finished the work.=If you had a million dollars, what would you do?=If we hadnt got your help / If you hadnt helped us, =If it hadnt been for the rain, but for “要不是因为要不是因为.”【改错【改错】71. I wish I was as tall as you.虚拟语气十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析we
12、re_虚拟语气用于宾语从句虚拟语气用于宾语从句【改错【改错】72. How I wish I can pay a visit to Beijing虚拟语气十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析could_虚拟语气用于宾语从句虚拟语气用于宾语从句【改错【改错】 注意！73. He wishes that he studied French instead of Japanese when he was in college.虚拟语气用于宾语从句虚拟语气用于宾语从句虚拟语气十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析had wish+(that)+主主+ 过去式过去式/were 过去完成时过去完成时
13、 could/would do【改错【改错】注意！8. She insists that they must give her a receipt. 虚拟语气十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析should_虚拟语气用于宾语从句虚拟语气用于宾语从句“should动词原形动词原形” 用于一些用于一些常见动词后常见动词后的宾语从句中，的宾语从句中，主要是表示命令、要求、建主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。议的虚拟语气。一坚持：一坚持：insist两命令：两命令：order, command 三建议：三建议：advise, suggest, propose四要求：四要求：demand , r
14、equire, request, ask 注：注：1.insist只有作只有作“坚决坚决/持要求持要求”,才用才用虚拟语气虚拟语气(should)+动词原形，动词原形，表示表示“坚持坚持认为认为, 坚持说坚持说”之意时，应用陈述语气。之意时，应用陈述语气。1.When questioned,Mike insisted that he _anything.(not/steal)2.The young man insisted that he_ (do) nothing and _.(be/set free)had not stolen had done(should) be set free注：
15、注：2.suggest只在表示只在表示“建议建议”, 才用虚拟。才用虚拟。表示表示“表明、表明、暗示暗示 ”，不用虚拟。，不用虚拟。1.His attitude suggested that he_ interested .(be/not)2.The look in his eyes suggested that he _angry. (be)3.People suggest that there_ an international language.(be) wasntwas(should) be【改错【改错】 注意！9. I would rather you pay me now.虚拟语气
16、十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析paid_虚拟语气用于宾语从句虚拟语气用于宾语从句 would rather+(that) 1.从句用过去时指现在或将来从句用过去时指现在或将来 2.从句用过去完成时指过去从句用过去完成时指过去【改错【改错】 注意！10. It is (high) time that we go to bed.虚拟语气十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析went_虚拟语气用于定语从句虚拟语气用于定语从句 It is (about/high) time (that) that从句可用动词过去式动词过去式 或should/+动动词原形词原形【改错【改错】 注意！11.
17、Look at the trouble I am in! If only I followed your advice. 虚拟语气十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析hadif only则表示则表示 但愿但愿；要是；要是就好了就好了。if only“要是要是就好了就好了”，后接过去完，后接过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的愿望。成时表示与过去事实相反的愿望。 【改错【改错】 注意！12. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it is broken. 虚拟语气十大典型错误例析虚拟语气十大典型错误例析were_as if/though 从句用虚拟语气的情况。从句用虚拟语气的情况。 as if/though+主语主语+ did(were)/ had done/would do（表示现在的情况用过去时；表示过去的（表示现在的情况用过去时；表示过去的情况用过去完成时情况用过去完成时;表示将来的情况用过表示将来的情况用过去将来时。去将来时。）