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1、语法互动语法互动(七七) 连词连词 连词连词 + + 状语从句状语从句 中考考点1并列连词and, but, so, or等的主要用法。2常用的从属连词的基本用法。语法互动语法互动(七七) 连词连词 考点一考点一 并列连词并列连词1 1表示并列关系的：表示并列关系的： and(and(和；同；与和；同；与) )，bothbothand and ( (和和都都), ), not onlynot onlybut also but also ( (不仅不仅而且而且), ), as well as(as well as(而且，还，又而且，还，又), ), neitherneithernornor( (
2、既不既不也不也不) )。如：如：He likes drawing and I like dancing. He likes drawing and I like dancing. 他喜欢画画，我喜欢跳舞。他喜欢画画，我喜欢跳舞。_ his father _ his mother _ watching _ his father _ his mother _ watching TV. TV. 他的父母都喜欢看电视。他的父母都喜欢看电视。_ you _ I _ wrong. _ you _ I _ wrong. 你和我都没有错。你和我都没有错。BothBothandandlikelikeNeithe
3、rNeithernornoramam语法互动语法互动(七七) 连词连词 Not onlyNot only the young the young but also but also the old can speak the old can speak some English there. some English there. 在那儿不仅年轻人而且老年人都会说一点英语。在那儿不仅年轻人而且老年人都会说一点英语。Tom Tom as well asas well as I walks to school every day.I walks to school every day.汤姆和我一样
4、每天步行去上学。汤姆和我一样每天步行去上学。 注意注意 用用as well as as well as 连接的并列主语句子中，谓语动词应与连接的并列主语句子中，谓语动词应与它前面的主语一致它前面的主语一致;not only;not onlybut alsobut also和和neitherneithernornor则则遵循就近原则。遵循就近原则。语法互动语法互动(七七) 连词连词 2 2表示选择关系的：表示选择关系的： or(or(或；或者；还是；否则；不然或；或者；还是；否则；不然) )，eithereitheroror( (或者或者或者或者； 不是不是就是就是) )。如：如：After s
5、upper, I often watch TV _ take a walk. After supper, I often watch TV _ take a walk. 晚饭后，我经常看电视或散步。晚饭后，我经常看电视或散步。Work hardWork hard，_ you will fall behind. you will fall behind. 努力学习，否则你会落后。努力学习，否则你会落后。Either Either you you oror he is going to do some shopping he is going to do some shopping this af
6、ternoon. this afternoon. 今天下午或者你或者他去购物。今天下午或者你或者他去购物。语法互动语法互动(七七) 连词连词 oror oror 3 3表示转折关系的：表示转折关系的： but(but(但；但是；可是但；但是；可是), while(), while(然而然而) )。如：如：She was very tiredShe was very tired，_ she kept working till _ she kept working till midnight. midnight. 她虽然很累了，但是一直工作到深夜。她虽然很累了，但是一直工作到深夜。Hes a wo
7、rker_Hes a worker_his wife is a doctor._his wife is a doctor.他是工人而他妻子是医生。他是工人而他妻子是医生。4 4表示因果关系的：表示因果关系的： so(so(所以所以) )。如：。如：He got up lateHe got up late，_ _ he didnt catch the early _ he didnt catch the early bus.bus.他起床晚了，所以没赶上早班车。他起床晚了，所以没赶上早班车。butbutwhilewhilesoso语法互动语法互动(七七) 连词连词 2014中考状语从句复习by
8、Lydia状语从句状语从句的知识储备时间状语从句的五种类型状语从句的考点与历年真题状语从句的类别表示时间、地点、原因、目的We sleep at night at home.必须符合“从句的三个必须”必须是句子；必须有连接词；必须是陈述句 用一个句子充当状语成分，那个句子就是状语从句。状语时用来修饰状语时用来修饰 词词， 词词， 词词或或 的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。句。分
9、类如下：分类如下：动动形容形容副副句子句子状语从句状语从句1. 时间时间状语从句状语从句2. 地点地点状语从句状语从句3. 原因原因状语从句状语从句4. 条件条件状语从句状语从句5. 让步让步状语从句状语从句6. 目的目的状语从句状语从句7. 结果结果状语从句状语从句8. 方式方式状语从句状语从句9. 比较比较状语从句状语从句1.While I was walking along the street, I found many beatiful buildings ( )2. Where there is a will, there is a way. ( )3. Now that/Sinc
10、e everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. （ ）4. Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me. ( )5. So clever was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. ( )时间时间地点地点 原因原因目的目的结果结果引导状语从句的连词引导状语从句的连词1 1(1)(1)引导时间状语从句的连词：引导时间状语从句的连词：when, while, as, before, when, while, as, befo
11、re, after, until, till, as soon as, sinceafter, until, till, as soon as, since等。时间状语从句和主等。时间状语从句和主句的时态关系为：句的时态关系为：主将从现，主过从过。主将从现，主过从过。when “when “当当时时”。如：如：I was doing my homework _I was doing my homework _ the telephone _ the telephone rang.rang. 我在做作业的时候电话铃响了。我在做作业的时候电话铃响了。while “while “正当正当时，正在时，
12、正在时时”。在在whilewhile引导的从句引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常常用进行时。中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常常用进行时。as “as “正正当当时时”, ,asas引导的从句中既可用延续性动词，也可用短暂性引导的从句中既可用延续性动词，也可用短暂性动词。动词。如：如：whenwhen 语法互动语法互动(七七) 连词连词 when和和while 的区别的区别: While 连接时间状语从句时连接时间状语从句时, 表示主句的行为在从句行表示主句的行为在从句行为过程之中发生为过程之中发生,即主句与从句的动作同时长时间持续即主句与从句的动作同时长时间持续. 如如: Whil
13、e they are waiting for the New Year, they listen to music, sing songs and have fun. I went shopping while Linda cleaned the house. Dont make any noise while I am recording. 注意：注意： While引导的从句中的动词要用引导的从句中的动词要用持续性动词或状态动持续性动词或状态动词词高频词汇高频词汇(二二) when & while when引导的动词既可以是引导的动词既可以是延续性的延续性的,也也可以是可以是短暂性短暂性的。
14、的。while 引导的动词引导的动词必须是延必须是延续性的续性的。 真题回放：真题回放：A. when B. while C. as soon as 1. I was sleeping in my bedroom _ the postman knocked at the door.2. We were walking _ they were dancing.3. Ill do some cooking _ I get home.A BC 6、complete the sentences with while和when _we are staying with them,we are going
15、 to spends a few days in Qingdao. _someone knocked at the door,we were having dinner.whilewhen注意：注意：1）when和和while都表示当都表示当时候，当从句的动词是延续性动词时，两者都时候，当从句的动词是延续性动词时，两者都可以，当是短暂性动词时，只能用可以，当是短暂性动词时，只能用when，不能用，不能用while 2）when还有还有“这时这时”之意，之意，while还表示还表示“两个动作同时进行两个动作同时进行”。e.g. I was walking down the street _ I
16、met my good friend. I was doing my homework_ my father was watching TV. whenwhileHe fell asleep _ he was watching TV. He fell asleep _ he was watching TV. 他看着电视睡着了。他看着电视睡着了。AsAs Millie sat down on the sofa, Amy came into Millie sat down on the sofa, Amy came into the room.the room.米莉坐在沙发上时，艾米走进了房间。米
17、莉坐在沙发上时，艾米走进了房间。before “before “在在之前之前”； after “after “在在之后之后”。如：如：Ill wait for you here Ill wait for you here beforebefore you come back. you come back.在你回来前，我会在这儿等你。在你回来前，我会在这儿等你。until “until “直到直到为止为止”。如：如：The child _The child _ go to bed _ go to bed _ his _ his mother came back. mother came back
18、. 直到他妈妈回来了，这孩子才去睡觉。直到他妈妈回来了，这孩子才去睡觉。while/aswhile/as didntdidnt untiluntil as “正当正当时时”,as引导的从句中既可用延续性动词，引导的从句中既可用延续性动词，也可用短暂性动词。如：也可用短暂性动词。如： till和until区别 1. till和until都可以作为介词和连词，用在肯定句中时，二者均可表示“直到为止”。 例如： I will wait till（until）seven oclock 我会一直等到7点钟。 She lived in Tokyo till（until）she died 她在东京一直住到去
19、世。 until/ till引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 until / till 引导的时间状语从句，常译为引导的时间状语从句，常译为“直到直到时时”，表示主句动作发生在从句之前。表示主句动作发生在从句之前。 当主句谓语动词是当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式。，主句常用肯定形式。例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来。例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来。Ill stay here until(till) you come back. 当主句谓语动词是当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词非延续性动词时时, 主句常用否定形式。主句常用否定形式。 not until“直到直到才才”，
20、这时，这时until 可用可用before替替换。换。He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework. 例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。 until 表示表示“直到直到”, （从句常在主句后）（从句常在主句后）, till是口语体，是口语体，可以代替可以代替until当用当用not.until.引导一个时间状语从句时一般译为引导一个时间状语从句时一般译为直直到到.才才.。如：如：They didnt go back home until they finished cleaning their classroom.他们
21、直到打扫完教室后才回的家他们直到打扫完教室后才回的家.。He slept until it was nine（时刻）（时刻）. 并且在句子开头时，用并且在句子开头时，用 until而不用而不用till。例如：。例如： 在他回来之前，什么也不能做。 Until he comes back，nothing can be done（） Till he comes back，nothing can be done（） as soon as “as soon as “一一就就” ” 如：如：Ill call you _Ill call you _ I get there. _ I get there.
22、我一到那儿就给你打电话。我一到那儿就给你打电话。since “since “自从自从”。如：如：I have lived in Beijing _I have lived in Beijing _ I came to China._ I came to China.自从来到中国以来我就住在北京。自从来到中国以来我就住在北京。(2)(2)引导条件状语从句的连词：引导条件状语从句的连词： if, unlessif, unless等。如：等。如：_ it is fine tomorrow, well go to the park._ it is fine tomorrow, well go to t
23、he park.如果明天天气好，我们就去公园。如果明天天气好，我们就去公园。Well be late _Well be late _ we hurry up._ we hurry up.除非快点，否则我们会迟到。除非快点，否则我们会迟到。asas soonsoon asassincesinceIf Ifunlessunless语法互动语法互动(七七) 连词连词 高频词汇高频词汇(一一) as soon as as soon as 意为意为“一一就就”作连词使用。作连词使用。注意：用法与注意：用法与if相同（相同（主将从现主将从现）。如：）。如：Ill tell him the news as
24、soon as I see him.真题回放：真题回放：1.As soon as I _ there , I _ him. A. arrive , call B. will arrive, will call C. arrive, will call 2.The class _ (begin) as soon as I entered the classroom.began 1) . 若主句是若主句是祈使句祈使句，或主句中，或主句中有情有情态动词态动词，或主句中谓语动词是，或主句中谓语动词是一般将一般将来时来时，那么从句用，那么从句用一般现在时一般现在时表示一表示一般将来时。般将来时。 在其他
25、时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，在其他时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分下列两种情况：下列两种情况：例如：例如：You must be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要小心。过马路时要小心。 Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask. 如果你们有问题要问的话，请举手。如果你们有问题要问的话，请举手。I will call you as soon as I take off the plane.我一下飞机就给你打电话我一下飞机就给你打
26、电话.2) . 若主从句谓语动词都是若主从句谓语动词都是陈述过去陈述过去，那么从句用那么从句用一般过去时一般过去时, 主句根据具体主句根据具体情况可用情况可用一般过去时、过去进行时或过一般过去时、过去进行时或过去完成时去完成时。例如：例如：She could sing when she was four years old. 她四岁的时候就会唱歌。她四岁的时候就会唱歌。My mother was cooking when I got home.当我回家时，我的妈妈正在烧饭。当我回家时，我的妈妈正在烧饭。The train had left before we arrived at the st
27、ation. 火车在我们赶到火车站之前开走了火车在我们赶到火车站之前开走了近几年试题近几年试题1. -Its 9 oclock now. I must go. -Its raining outside. Dont leave _ it stops. A. when B. since C. while D. until2. Frank _ a film if hes free next Saturday. A. see B. saw C. has seen D. will see3. The children will climb the hill if it _ tomorrow. A. wo
28、nt rain B. didnt rain C. doesnt rain D. isnt rainingDDC连词连词时态（状语从句）时态（状语从句）时态（时态（状语从句）状语从句）特别注意特别注意since引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 since引导的时间状语从句，常译为引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从自从”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。 例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。We havent seen each other since we parted. 常用句型：常用句型：It ha
29、s been (is) + 时间段时间段 + since从句从句 “自从自从有多长时间了有多长时间了 ”例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。It has been (is) six years since she graduated from the university. (3)(3)引导目的状语从句的连词：引导目的状语从句的连词： so that(so that(是为了，以便于是为了，以便于), ), in order that(in order that(以便于以便于) )等。如：等。如：He got up early _He got up
30、 early _ he could catch the _ he could catch the early bus.early bus.为了能赶上早班车，他起得很早。为了能赶上早班车，他起得很早。I spoke loudly I spoke loudly in order thatin order that everyone in the room everyone in the room could hear me. could hear me. 我大声说话是为了让屋里的每个人都能听得见。我大声说话是为了让屋里的每个人都能听得见。(4)(4)引导原因状语从句的连词：引导原因状语从句的连词：
31、 because, as, sincebecause, as, since等。等。如：如：She didnt go to work _She didnt go to work _ she was ill._ she was ill.她没去上班，因为她病了。她没去上班，因为她病了。 注意注意 because because与与soso不能同时出现在一个句子中。不能同时出现在一个句子中。soso thatthatbecausebecause语法互动语法互动(七七) 连词连词 because, as, since, for 语气 位置意义 because 最强前或后 “原因”；表客观因果关系；回答“
32、” as较强 前 “由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由 since 较弱 前 “既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由 for 最弱 后 “理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由 注：上面所说的注：上面所说的“前前”，指从句在主句之前；，指从句在主句之前；“后后”，指从句在主句之后。，指从句在主句之后。 EG: He is absent today because he was ill. As it is snowing，we shall not go out. You couldnt see him, for he wasnt there.（不句首）（不句首）4. Since you are ill, I
33、 will go alone.(5)(5)引导引导结果状语结果状语从句的连词：从句的连词： sosothatthat，suchsuchthatthat等。等。sosothatthat和和 suchsuchthatthat意思均为意思均为“如此如此以至于以至于” so” so后接形容词或副词，后接形容词或副词，suchsuch后接名词或名词性短语，后接名词或名词性短语，thatthat后接从后接从句。如：句。如：I was _I was _ I couldnt go any further._ I couldnt go any further.我累得走不动了。我累得走不动了。Tom is _ev
34、eryone likes him.Tom is _everyone likes him.汤姆是如此聪明的一个男孩，大家都喜欢他。汤姆是如此聪明的一个男孩，大家都喜欢他。(6)(6)引导让步状语从句的连词：引导让步状语从句的连词： though, although, even though, although, even if(if(even though)even though)等。如：等。如：The dress looks nice on you _ its out of style. 虽然这件连衣裙过时了，它穿在你身上还是很漂亮。注意注意 though, although不与不与but连用
35、。连用。soso tiredtired thatthatsuchsuch a a cleverclever boyboy thatthat语法互动语法互动(七七) 连词连词 though/althoughthough/although Grammar目的状语从句与结果状语从句的区别目的状语从句与结果状语从句的区别so that so that 与与 so so 一一词词之差。之差。so thatso that连连接接目的目的状语从状语从句句，表示未表示未来来、可能性、可能性；soso连连接接结结果果状语从状语从句，句，表示已表示已经发经发生的事情生的事情。sothat sothat 表示如此以
36、致于表示如此以致于soso后加后加形容形容词词或副或副词词Key sentences1. She missed the final practice so that Kylie could play this piece of music on her own.2. She did it so that Kylie could avoid problems with her parents.3. She asked their teacher to rewrite the final dance music so that two people could play it.为的是为的是；目的是
37、；目的是目的状语从句目的状语从句so that 引导的目的状语从句，表示行为的引导的目的状语从句，表示行为的目目的。的。6. Kylie knew why Sally missed the final practice, so she asked their teacher to rewrite the final dance music.因此因此; 所以所以结果状语从句结果状语从句so 引导的结果状语从句，表示行为的结果。引导的结果状语从句，表示行为的结果。用用so that, sothat, soso that, sothat, so连接句子连接句子1.Kate got up a litt
38、le earlier. She could get there on time_.2.He didnt study hard. He failed in the exam._Kate got up a little earlier Kate got up a little earlier so thatso thatshe could get there on time.she could get there on time.He didnt study hard He didnt study hard soso he failed he failedin the exam.in the ex
39、am.表目的表目的表结果表结果 I . Complete the sentences with because , so or so that.1. He became a scientist_ he could study plants.2. They played football every day _ they wanted to become football players.3. He wanted to be a good writer _ he wrote for many hours every day.4. The soldiers were fighting _ they
40、 loved their country.5. The soldiers were ill _ he tried to help them.6. She worked hard _ she could become a doctor.becausebecausesososo thatso that(7)(7)引导比较状语从句的连词：引导比较状语从句的连词： than, asthan, asasas等。如：等。如：He is better at English than I. He is better at English than I. 他的英语比我好。他的英语比我好。I think Engl
41、ish is as important as math.I think English is as important as math.我认为英语和数学同等重要。我认为英语和数学同等重要。2 2引导宾语从句的连词：引导宾语从句的连词： thatthat( (陈述句作宾语，从句由陈述句作宾语，从句由thatthat引导，引导，thatthat无意义，可省去无意义，可省去) )，if/whetherif/whether( (一般疑问句作宾语一般疑问句作宾语从句用从句用if if或或whetherwhether引导，意为引导，意为“是否是否”) )和和特殊疑问词特殊疑问词( (用来用来引导特殊疑问句
42、所作的宾语从句引导特殊疑问句所作的宾语从句) )。如：。如：I want to know _I want to know _ you will start. you will start. 我想知道你何时出发。我想知道你何时出发。Im worried about _Im worried about _ she can come _ she can come here on time.here on time. 我担心她能否按时来。我担心她能否按时来。语法互动语法互动(七七) 连词连词 whenwhenwhetherwhether用适当的连词填空用适当的连词填空1 1_ David and Ji
43、m draw well._ David and Jim draw well.2 2Neither my father _ I have been to Neither my father _ I have been to Canada.Canada.3 3Helen is a quiet girl, _ she is active in Helen is a quiet girl, _ she is active in class.class.4 4Hold on to your dreams _ one day they Hold on to your dreams _ one day th
44、ey may come true.may come true.5 5The camera is too expensive, _ I cant The camera is too expensive, _ I cant afford it.afford it.连词考点过关BothBothnornorbutbutandandsoso语法互动语法互动(七七) 连词连词 练习练习 : 1. Ill write to you _ I get there. A. while B. before C. as soon as D. by2. He has lived in the city _ he cam
45、e back from America. A. when B. before C. since D. after3. We wont leave here _ our teacher comes back. A. until B. since C. after D. as soon as4. I had to finish the picture _ my mother came back. A. until B. before C. after D. while5. John fell asleep _ he was listening to the music. A. after B. b
46、efore C. while D. as soon as 中考题型时间状语从句时间状语从句 Youll be late _ you dont get up early tomorrow morning.A. if B. when C. before D. untilIf he _ on time, we will go without himA. doesnt come B. dont comeC. didnt comeIf you _ him tomorrow, please ask him if he _ to work on the farm with us.A. see ; goes
47、B. will see; goes C. will see; will go D. see; will go中考题型总结：总结： 条件状语从句考的频率比较高，主要考查条件状语从句考的频率比较高，主要考查if 连词和连词和if引导的从句与主句的时态（主将从现）引导的从句与主句的时态（主将从现）条件状语从句条件状语从句如果如果是否是否 1. I didnt buy the dictionary yesterday _ my aunt would give me one. A. until B. because C. if D before2. - Why did you come to schoo
48、l late this morning? - _ I watched the football World Cup until 12 oclock last night. A. If B. Because C. Since D. Though中考题型 总结：总结： 重点掌握重点掌握because 的用法的用法 （注：（注： because 和和so 不能同时用在一个句子中）不能同时用在一个句子中）原因状语从句原因状语从句 Hurry up, Jack. We have to get to the station before 11:45 _ I can catch the 12:00 trai
49、n.A. since B. after C. as soon as D. so that 1. His mother was _ busy _ she cant look after Tom. A. so, that B. such, that C. very , that D. too, to2. He was _ angry to hear the news that he couldnt say a word. A. so B. too C. very D. much中考题型 目的状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句 1. Kate went to school _ it rai
50、ned heavily yesterday. A. though B. if C. but D. since 1.The days are _ in our country. A. as warm as B. as warmer as C. warm than D. so warmer as 2. The hill is _ that one. A. tall than B. as taller C. as taller than D. taller than中考题型 让步状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句比较状语从句not until, not rain, not so as,so that