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1、限时标准训练(二十一)阅读板块练速度(总分值40分，限时35分钟).阅读理解(30分)阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。AHere are the unexpected animal populations youll find in 4 cities around the globe.Foxes, LondonTake an earlymorning or latenight walk through the city streets of London, and you just might meet with a wandering female fox
2、. Or you might notdespite the fact that about 10,000 foxes call Englands capital city home, theyre also famously stealthy (鬼鬼祟祟的). The foxes came to London shortly after World War when suburbs (市郊) began spreading into the countryside. By the 1970s, Londons fox population had been firmly established
3、.Leopards (豹), MumbaiAn increasing population of leopards lives right under the noses of their human neighbors. There are as many as 41 of the big cats walking quietly in the brush of Sanjay Gandhi National Park, and others make their homes in back alleys of the city. They can be dangerous but they
4、also help keep rabies (狂犬病) in check by feeding on the citys many wild dogs.Deer, NaraMany of the animals on this list can be quite hard to spot, as theyve adapted to their surroundings thanks to their shy and stealthy nature. Not so for the many deer of Nara, Japan. Sika deer have lived in the city
5、 for nearly 1,300 years, thanks to a story about the lightning god riding one into the city. Today, they are one of the citys main tourist attractions, but you should never forget that theyre still wild animals.Hyenas (土狼), HararHyenas dont generally live in Harar City in Ethiopia, but they make the
6、ir way into town nearly every night. They come in search of meat, which people gladly give them. Its a practice that started with a man named Yusuf Mume Salleh, who began feeding and caring for the animals. Today, his son Abbas carries on the tradition. He says, “Hyenas have never attacked the peopl
7、e of Harar since my father started feeding them, unless you harm their babies.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。人类活动使得我们越来越难见到野生动物，但其实在一些城市人们可以与野生动物和平相处。它们包括伦敦的狐狸、孟买的豹子、奈良的小鹿和哈勒尔的土狼。1Which word can properly describe the leopards in Mumbai?ARare.BFriendly.CMild. DBeneficial.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They can be dangerous but they
8、 also help keep rabies in check by feeding on the citys many wild dogs.可知，孟买的豹子帮助人们控制住了街头野狗的数量，从而抑制了狂犬病的蔓延。答案：D2What is special about Sika deer in Nara?AThey are quite dangerous.BTourists are attracted by them.CIts hard to see them in the city.DPeople can ride them in daily life.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Tod
9、ay, they are one of the citys main tourist attractions可知，日本奈良的梅花鹿已经成为这个城市的主要景点之一。答案：B3What did Yusuf Mume Salleh do? AHe gave hyenas food.BHe cared for baby hyenas. CHe raised hyenas in his home.DHe protected people from hyenas.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They come in search of meat, which people gladly give
10、them. Its a practice that started with a man named Yusuf Mume Salleh, who began feeding and caring for the animals.可知，埃塞俄比亚古城哈勒尔有喂食土狼的传统，这是从Yusuf Mume Salleh开始的。答案：ABWhen you think of friends, you tend to think of people who have been in your life for a long time. But theres another kind of friendon
11、e that appears at a particular moment.The first such friend I remember is a Russian girl I met in London at the age of four. That year, my mother had remarried and wed be moving to the UK. Everything was changing to me. The Russian girl and I were the two oldest in our school. She spoke no English;
12、I, no Russian. We communicated by trying to outdo each otherat drawing, at games, even at eating. Our contests gave me something I could control. And maybe I gave her the same.In my eighth grade, there was Jenny, who had a small horse named Red Wing. The eighth grade was a terrible year. We both kne
13、w it, but we didnt talk about it. We spent most of our time with Red Wing. On cold winter days, wed go out and take turns riding and walking. She left in the ninth grade and I missed her.To Julie, Ill be forever grateful. We met on the beach in New Jersey one afternoon. She was there with her twin b
14、oys, the only other children there, and they were about the same age as my daughter. Gradually, the children approached each other and soon were digging holes together. And we began to talk. She lived in the little beach town. I lived alone with my daughter in a big apartment a block from the beach.
15、 My husband had taken off for North Dakota, leaving me to think about what to do next. Suddenly, there was someone I could talk to. For the next couple of weeks, we met at the beach with the children, and I would go home with her. The little house was a balm (抚慰物) to my despairing heart.Such friends
16、 as these often arrive when your own life is offbalance, and will support you till the world settles on its axis (轴线) once again.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。说到朋友的时候，人们往往会想到那些与我们相处很多年的人，但有些朋友那么是生命中的过客，在我们过得不如意的时候出现，帮助我们度过那段艰难的时光。4How did the friendship between the author and the Russian girl develop?AThey had many
17、common interests. BThey competed with each other.CThey shared the same activities together.DThey showed great concern for each other.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We communicated by trying to outdo each otherat drawing, at games, even at eating. Our contests gave me something I could control. And maybe I gave he
18、r the same.可知，作者和这个俄罗斯女孩之间的友谊是以相互竞争的形式形成的。答案：B5What did the author get from Julie?AGreat comfort.BDeep wisdom.CFinancial support.DHeartfelt appreciation.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Suddenly, there was someone I could talk to. For the next couple of weeks, we met at the beach with the children, and I would go h
19、ome with her. The little house was a balm to my despairing heart.可知，在作者那段孤独无助的时光里，Julie成为一个可以聊天的人，给了作者抚慰。答案：A6Whats the similarity between the three friends mentioned in the text?AThey appeared when the author was in trouble.BThey stayed with the author for a long time.CThey had no effect on the aut
20、hors life.DThey were not true friends of the author.解析：推理判断题。第一个朋友是作者因母亲再婚，全家移居英国而不开心的时候出现的；第二个朋友是作者读八年级正处于学业困难时期出现的；第三个朋友是作者单独在家带孩子而不知所措的时候出现的，由此可推断他们都是在作者艰难的时候出现的。答案：A7What does the author want to convey?AA friend in need is a friend indeed.BHe is rich enough who has true friends.CA friend is a pr
21、esent which you give yourself.DSome friends are arranged in our lives for good reason.解析：推理判断题。文中作者介绍了一些生命中短暂出现的朋友，他们在被需要的时候出现，帮助作者度过那些艰难的时光。答案：DCAre you a procrastinator (拖延者)? Its a common problem. And it can be harmful, as previous research has shown that people who procrastinate have higher leve
22、ls of stress and lower wellbeing, reported the Association for Psychological Science in the US. But a new study has found a way to deal with this problem: Be more connected to your future self.Psychologists think that each person believes that they are really two people: “Present Me and “Future Me.
23、“People act as if they prefer their current selves needs and desires to those of their future selves，wrote psychologists Neil Lewis and Daphna Oyserman.Oyserman and Lewis decided to try to find a way to make “Present Me imagine exactly how “Future Me would feel the night before a big paper was due,
24、though “Present Me hadnt started yet. They made “Present Me think about a faroff event a number of days away, not months or years.Thinking about events in this_way meant that something like a friends wedding seemed 16.3 days sooner when considered in days rather than months and 11.4 months sooner wh
25、en considered in months rather than years.The researchers also tried to find out whether people would take action sooner if they were told a certain event was happening in several days rather than years. For example, participants imagined they had a newborn child, and that the child would need to go
26、 to college in either 18 years or 6,570 days. The researchers found those in the “days condition planned to start saving four times sooner than those in the “years condition.So if you think of your life in days instead of years, you may get things done quicker.语篇解读本文主要探究了一种应对拖延症的方法。8What did Oyserma
27、n and Lewis intend to do through their study?ATo work on a solution to test if someone is a procrastinator.BTo find out whether human beings usually have two different characters.CTo discover procrastinators are more likely to have a lower sense of wellbeing.DTo prove its helpful to connect our curr
28、ent selves more with future selves.解析：细节理解题。根据对第三段的整体理解可知，Oyserman和Lewis想要通过他们的研究去验证把“现在的我和“将来的我联系起来是否会对应对拖延症有一定的帮助，应选D。答案：D9The underlined part “this way in paragraph 4 refers to “_Asetting up tough deadlinesBfollowing schedules strictlyCcounting in smaller units of timeDimagining how your future s
29、elf will feel解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“They made Present Me think about a faroff event a number of days away, not months or years.可推知，画线局部是指用更小的时间单位去计量，应选C。答案：C10What helps prevent people from procrastinating?AComparing their future selves with present selves.BConsidering their current selves needs and des
30、ires.CThinking about faroff events in days rather than years.DMarking important events on a calendar as a reminder.解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的内容以及最后一段“So if you think of your life in days instead of years, you may get things done quicker.可推知，用天而不是用年去考虑将来所发生的事情会帮助拖延者不再拖延，应选C。答案：C11What does the passage mainly ta
31、lk about?AA way to get things done in time.BThe harmful effects of procrastination.CThe reason to overlook future needs and desires.DThe way to reduce stress and improve happiness.解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“But a new study has found a way to deal with this problem: Be more connected to your future self.并结合对
32、全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要探究了一种应对拖延症的方法，应选A。答案：ADSeveral years ago, I began asking my friends and family to tell me something about their passwords (密码). Yes, I understand why passwords are universally hated: the pressure they put on our memory and the endless demand to update them. I hate them too. But there
33、is more to passwords than their annoyance. In the fact that we construct them so that we can remember them, they take on our secret lives. There was a former prisoner whose password includes what used to be his prison ID number to constantly tell him not to go back. And there was a childless 45yearo
34、ld woman whose password is the name of the baby boy she lost in her 25 (her way of trying to keep him alive, I guess)Sometimes the passwords were playful. Several people said they used “incorrect for theirs so that when they forgot it, the software automatically promoted them with the right one (“yo
35、ur password is incorrect)Some passwords were striking for their ingenuity (精巧的设计). After reading Sheryl Sandbergs book Lean in: Women, Work and the Will to Lead, Cortona Kerr, a running partner of mine, found her role model and began using “WwSSdo13”， which stood for “What would Sheryl Sandberg do p
36、lus “13” for the year (2022) of the passwords creation. “TnsitTpsif was the password of another friend, a computer scientist who loves wordplay. It stood for “The next sentence is true. The previous sentence is false. For my friend, it was a playful reference to the knots (结) that language can tie.T
37、he 4622 that my wife used in her passwords was not just the address of her fathers childhood home but also a reminder of his fragility and strength. Apparently when the former 120 kg football standout was a small boy, he has to sing his home address (4622 South 28th West Avenue) in one full breath r
38、ather than try to say it normally. Otherwise, his stutter (口吃) would embarrass him.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了密码背后隐藏的故事。12Why did the prisoner involve his prison ID number in his password?ATo rebuild his reputation.BTo remind him to act legally.CTo fight against his poor memory.DTo hide the unpleasant expe
39、rience.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“to constantly tell him not to go back可知，之前坐过牢的人想通过自己的密码提醒自己守法。答案：B13What did Cortona Kerr think of Sheryl Sandbergs book?AArtistic. BInteresting.CControversial. DInspirational.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“found her role model and began using WwSSdo13， which stood for What would Sheryl Sa
40、ndberg do plus 13 for the year (2022) of the passwords creation可知，Cortona Kerr认为Sheryl Sandberg的书很鼓舞人心。答案：D14What do we know about the authors fatherinlaw?AHe was confident about singing.BHe had a very difficult childhood.CHe was unwilling to speak in public.DHe was once an excellent football player
41、.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“when the former 120 kg football standout was a small boy可知，作者的岳父曾经是一名很出色的足球运发动。答案：D15What might be the best title for the text?AWhy Are Passwords Hated?BA List of Unusual PasswordsCThe Secret Lives of PasswordsDHow Can You Make Your Password Unique解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，作者主要讲述了不同的密码背后隐藏着
42、不同的故事。答案：C.阅读七选五(10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whoever wrote the song “Its the Most Wonderful Time of the Year must have never experienced the holiday blues. Fortunately, psychological research suggests some effective ways you can use to beat the holiday blues. The key point is that
43、sadness and other tough emotions are not what we should try to avoid. 16. Here are four strategies to help you make your own happiness recipe this holiday season. Dont force cheerAt family gatherings with cousins you secretly cant stand, you tend to put on a happy face. Indeed, that might even seem
44、like the most mature responseno drama, no conflict. But a 2022 study followed dozens of bus drivers, looking to see when they gave forced or honest smiles at their passengers. The results showed when the drivers pretended to have a good mood, their actual moods got worse. 17.Let out sadnessThe resul
45、ts of the busdriver study can be explained by researchers, who find that negative feelings like sadness or anger only increase when we try to control them. 18. We dont like contradictory behavior.Respond cautiouslyRecently, scientists have been paying special attention to the benefits of caution. Wh
46、en you respond cautiously to an emotional trigger, you pause rather than react at once. 19. Besides, it is associated with less anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits. 20Of course, the holidays will bring a mix of highs and lows, but the most important lesson to keep in mind is that this
47、 variety of emotions might be the best thing possible for your overall wellbeing. In other words, sadness, anger, and other difficult emotions are nothing to fear. Just make sure youre balancing them with lighter experiences. And dont forget to give yourself a break.ARelax your mindBEnjoy a mix of e
48、motionsCWe tend to deny the important function emotions serveDInstead, they can help contribute to a healthy and happy lifeESo trying to force happiness seems to have the opposite effectsFA cautious response to a negative event reduces sadness we experienceGWe feel bad when our appearance contradicts how we truly feel inside语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了缓解假期忧郁的