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1、形容词和副词的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级比较级和最高级Comparative and Superlative Comparative and Superlative Degrees of Adjectives and AdverbsDegrees of Adjectives and Adverbs请你思考：什么是形容词和副词？请你思考：什么是形容词和副词？ 形容词形容词用于修饰名词，表示人或事物的属性或用于修饰名词，表示人或事物的属性或 特征等。特征等。 副词副词是用来说明动作或状态的特征是用来说明动作或状态的特征, ,说明时间，说明时间， 地点，程度等概念。它用来修饰动词地点，程度等概念。
2、它用来修饰动词、形容词形容词、 副词副词、短语或句子。短语或句子。有利于学习和创新的组织管理机制，创造充满活力的创新激励机制，以市场为导向，以顾客价值追求为中心的企业文化氛围，依赖既开放又相互信任的合作环境。 形容词和副词的级别形容词和副词的级别大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：大多数形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级原级 比较级比较级 最高级最高级请你观察：形容词和副词比较等级的变化规律请你观察：形容词和副词比较等级的变化规律long longer longestnice nicer nicestbig bigger biggestearly earlier earliestinteresting
3、more interesting most interestingcarefully more carefully most carefullyfriendly more friendly most friendly friendlier friendliestgood better bestmany/much more most原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级请你总结：形容词和副词比较等级构成的规律请你总结：形容词和副词比较等级构成的规律一一. . 规则变化：规则变化：1.1.单音节和部分双音节词单音节和部分双音节词, ,在词尾直接加在词尾直接加-er,-est-er,-est2.2.以字母
4、以字母e e结尾的结尾的, ,加加-r,-st-r,-st3.3.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母，以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母， 双写此字母双写此字母, ,再加再加-er,est-er,est4.4.以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”+y”结尾的，把结尾的，把y y变成变成i i，再加，再加- - er,est er,est5.5.多音节词和大部分双音节词多音节词和大部分双音节词, ,在词的前面加在词的前面加moremore 或或mostmost6.6.有些双音节词既可用有些双音节词既可用more,mostmore,most形式，又可用形式，又可用- - er,-est er,-e
5、st形式形式二二. . 不规则变化不规则变化请给出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级请给出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级tallnearlargeablethinhotfunnyhappybeautifulquicklyquietlittletaller tallest nearer nearestthinner thinnestabler ablest larger largest hotter hottestfunnier funniesthappier happiestmore beautiful most beautifulmore quickly most quicklyquiete
6、r quietestmore quiet most quietless least请你牢记：请你牢记：一，要双写再加一，要双写再加-er,-est-er,-est的词有哪些？的词有哪些？hot big fat thin red wet sad glad 二二. 不规则变化的词有哪些？不规则变化的词有哪些？原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldolderoldesteldereldestfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthes
7、t温馨提示：温馨提示：类似类似 slowlyslowly, , quicklyquickly 这样的双音节词，虽然也是辅这样的双音节词，虽然也是辅 音字母加音字母加y y结尾，但这里的结尾，但这里的 - -lyly 是表示副词的后缀，是表示副词的后缀，因因 此比较级和最高级的构成是在单词前加此比较级和最高级的构成是在单词前加moremore和和mostmost。2. 2. 强调程度时，形容词和副词前可加上强调程度时，形容词和副词前可加上too,very,so, too,very,so, quite quite等。比较级前则要加上等。比较级前则要加上much, even, a much, eve
8、n, a little, little, a lot, still, a bit a lot, still, a bit 等词等词( (组组) )，表示程度。，表示程度。3.3. farther farther 常指时间、距离上的远。常指时间、距离上的远。furtherfurther可以代替可以代替 fartherfarther，还常用于引伸和抽象的意义，表示，还常用于引伸和抽象的意义，表示“进一步，进一步， 更深刻，更深入等更深刻，更深入等”。4. older4. older表示年龄大小或年代的久远，表示年龄大小或年代的久远，elderelder表示兄弟姐表示兄弟姐 妹之间的长幼关系。妹之间
9、的长幼关系。形容词和副词原级的用法：形容词和副词原级的用法：2. as + 2. as + 原级原级 + as “+ as “和和一样一样”You are as tall as me. = You are as tall as I (am).He has as many books as I (have).This computer runs as fast as that one.3. not as3. not as(so)(so) + + 原级原级 + as “+ as “不如不如/ /没有没有”This jacket is not as(so) cheap as that one.She
10、 has not as(so) many books as I have.Henry doesnt study as(so) hard as his elder brother.注：注：asas在这里既可作介词又可作连词。作介词时，后在这里既可作介词又可作连词。作介词时，后接人称代词的宾格。作连词时，后接一个省略的比较状接人称代词的宾格。作连词时，后接一个省略的比较状语从句。语从句。用来直接描述人物或动作用来直接描述人物或动作。 John is a tall boy. Rabbits run fast. Our country is beautiful and strong.形容词和副词比较级
11、的用法：形容词和副词比较级的用法：1. 1. 比较级比较级 + than “+ than “比比更更” You are taller than me. = You are taller than I (am). I dont think his writing is more beautiful than yours.3. 3. 比较级比较级 + and + + and + 比较级比较级 “ “越来越越来越” The weather is getting warmer and warmer. Our school is getting more and more beautiful.注：注：t
12、hanthan在这里既可作介词又可作连词。作介词时，在这里既可作介词又可作连词。作介词时，后接人称代词的宾格。作连词时，后接一个省略的比后接人称代词的宾格。作连词时，后接一个省略的比较状语从句。较状语从句。4. the + 4. the + 比较级比较级,the + ,the + 比较级比较级 “ “越越,越越”The more exercise you do, the healthier you will become.2. 2. 比较级比较级 ( ( 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句) )， or ? “ or ? “哪个更哪个更?”?” Which is longer, this one or th
13、at one?形容词和副词最高级的用法：形容词和副词最高级的用法：the + the + 最高级最高级 + (+ (名词名词) + ) + 表示范围的短语或从句表示范围的短语或从句 “ “是最是最” Bob is the tallest boy in our school. He is the kindest man that I have ever met. Li Tao jumps (the) farthest of all. She is the most careful student of us three.4.one of the+4.one of the+最高级最高级( (形形)
14、+)+名词名词( (复复)+)+表示范围的短语表示范围的短语 “ “是是当中最当中最之一之一” Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.注注: :形容词最高级前一般要加形容词最高级前一般要加the,the,副词最高级前可加可不加副词最高级前可加可不加3.3.最高级最高级 ( ( 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句) )， or ? “ or ? “哪个哪个更更?”?” Who is the youngest, Jim, Tom or Jenny?2. the second(third )+2. the second(third )+最高级最高级+(+(名
15、词名词)+ )+ 表示范围表示范围 的短语的短语 “ “是第二是第二( (三三)”)” The Chongming Island is the third biggest island in China.Correct the mistakes:Marys hair is longer than my sister.The weather in Beijing is colder than in Shanghai.The apples in this basket are better than them in that basket.The Changjiang River is longe
16、r than any river in China.China is larger than any other country in Europe.His older brother is elder than I.Our country is getting more beautiful and more beautiful.This classroom is three times as bigger as that one.Who is tallest student in our school?1. Which do you like better, apples, bananas
17、or pears?_my sisters_ that _those_any other_any_elder_older_more and more_big_the tallest_(the) bestCorrect the mistakes:11. This box is more heavier than that one.12. Tom is the youngest in the three.13. He is taller of the two.14. Today is our the busiest day.15. I think math is very more difficul
18、t than Chinese.16. There are much more people in the street than usual.17. Mike is so tall as Jack.18. Li Ying jumped farther than Jim jumped.19. The Yellow River is the second longer river in China.20. We must get farther information._heavier_of_the taller_our_much _many_as_(did)_longest _further用括
19、号内形容词或副词的适当形式填空用括号内形容词或副词的适当形式填空: :This horse is very _ (strong), but that horse is much _ (strong) than this one.Its so late, so I drive the car _(slowly) than usual.3. He went _(far) than the other explorers.4. The _(little) you eat, the _(thin) you are.5. The Beijing Library is one of _(big) libr
20、aries in China.6. The street is as _(long) as that one, but it is_ (wide) than that one.7. His drawing isnt so _(good) as yours.8. When a piece of ice is taken into a warm room, it becomes _(small) and _(small).9. This piano is _(expensive) than the other two. It is _(expensive) of the three.10. Whi
21、ch is _(difficult), English, physics or biology?strongstrongerlessfarther/furtherlongsmallermore expensivethe most difficultmore slowlygoodthe biggestwidersmallerthe most expensivethinner合并句子，每空一词：合并句子，每空一词：Lucy is 8 years old. Lily is 8 years old, too. Lucy is _ _ _ Lily.2. Danny is 15. Jenny is 12
22、. Jenny is _ _ _ than Danny.3. Jim jumps 2 metres high. Tom jumps 3 metres high. Tom jumps _ _ Jim.4. Jenny jumps far. Brain jumps farther than Jenny. Danny jumps farther than Brain. Danny jumps _ _ the three.5. A car runs 150 kilometres per hour. A bike runs 50 kilometres per hour. A car runs _ _ _
23、 _ as a bike. A car runs _ _ than a bike higher thanfarthest ofthree times as fast as older asfaster twice three years younger同义句转换，每空一词：同义句转换，每空一词：1. Mike is not so/as tall as Jack. Jack is _ _ Mike.2. He is the youngest in his class. He is younger than _ _ _ in his class. He is younger than _ _ _
24、in his class.3. The cheetah is faster than any other animal in the world. The cheetah is _ _ animal in the world. (同上同上) The _ fastest animal is the cheetah.4. Japanese is less useful than Chinese. Japanese _ as/so useful _ Chinese.5. I am as diligent as her. I am as diligent as _ _.6. Li Ying jumpe
25、d farther than Jim. Li Ying jumped farther than Jim _.taller thanany other studentthe other students the fastestshe isdid worldsisntas有利于学习和创新的组织管理机制，创造充满活力的创新激励机制，以市场为导向，以顾客价值追求为中心的企业文化氛围，依赖既开放又相互信任的合作环境。汉译英：汉译英：Jack和和Mike一样高。一样高。Lily和和Lucy跳得同样远。跳得同样远。他的英语不如我说得好。他的英语不如我说得好。格林小姐的房间比布朗小姐的干净得多。格林小姐的房间
26、比布朗小姐的干净得多。北京变得越来越美丽。北京变得越来越美丽。Jack is as tall as Mike.Lily jumps as far as Lucy.He doesnt speak English as/so well as me/I (do).Miss Greens room is much cleaner than Miss Browns.Beijing is becoming more and more beautiful.有利于学习和创新的组织管理机制，创造充满活力的创新激励机制，以市场为导向，以顾客价值追求为中心的企业文化氛围，依赖既开放又相互信任的合作环境。The mo
27、re careful you are, the fewer mistakes you would make.Bob jumps (the) farthest of all.The Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world.Jim came to school (the) latest in his class yesterday.Which is the most difficult, English, physics or maths?汉译英：汉译英：6. 你越仔细，出错就会越少。你越仔细，出错就会越少。7. 在所有人当中在所有人当中Bob跳得最远。跳得最远。8. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。长江是世界上最长的河流之一。9. Jim在他班上到校最晚。在他班上到校最晚。10. 哪个最难，英语，物理还是数学？哪个最难，英语，物理还是数学？