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1、初中英语一般将来时专项语法讲解一般将来时主要构成形式一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作，事情或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作或事情。1will/shall+动词原形shall用于第一人称，常被will所代替。will在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。willnot=wontshallnot=shant例如：WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst？我先读哪一段呢？Willyoubeathomeatseventhisevening?今晚七点回家好吗？2begoingto+不定式，表示将来。a.主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：Whatareyougo
2、ingtodotomorrow?明天打算作什么呢？b.计划，安排要发生的事。例如：Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。这出戏下月开播。c.有迹象要发生的事。例如：Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.看那乌云，快要下雨了。3be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。4beaboutto+不定式，意为马上做某事。例如：HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.他马上要去北京。注意：beabou
3、ttodo不能与tomorrow,nextweek等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。Notice:beto和begoingtobeto表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，begoingto表示主观的打算或计划。例如：Iamtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.明天下午我去踢球。客观安排Imgoingtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.明天下午我想去踢球。主观安排5.如今进行时表将来时下列动词的如今进行时表示将来时文档视界2022/a46fc8b69a6648d7c1c708a1284ac850ac0204c0or3jjtghooj.htmle.f
4、ly.leave.start.begin.finish.end.arriveandsoon.sheisleavingforWuhantomorrow.6.一般如今时表将来1下列动词come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般如今时能够表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.火车明天上午六点开。Whendoesthebusstar?Itstarsintenminutes.汽车什么时候开？特别钟后。2以here,there等开场的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如：Herec
5、omesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.车来了。Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.铃响了。3在时间或条件句中。例如：WhenBillcomes不是willcome,askhimtowaitforme.比尔来后，让他等我。IllwritetoyouassoonasIarrivethere.我到了那里，就写信给你。4在动词hope,takecarethat,makesurethat等的宾语从句中。例如：Ihopetheyhaveanicetimenextweek.我希望他们下星期玩得开心。Makesurethatthewindowsareclose
6、dbeforeyouleavetheroom.离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。begoingto和will的区别begoingto和will的用法固然都表示将来发生动作或情况，一般情况下能互换。但它们的用法是有区别的。1begoingto主要用于：1、表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做的事情。E.g.Whatareyougoingtodotoday?今天你们打算做什么？DadandIaregoingtowatchanoperathisafternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。Imgoingtoplaytheviolin.我打算拉小提琴。Shesgoingtoplaythepiano.她
7、打算弹钢琴。2、表示根据目前某种迹象判定，某事非常有可能发生。E.g.Look!Therecomethedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.瞧！乌云密集，天要下雨。IamafraidIamgoingtohaveacold.恐怕我要患重感冒。(2)will主要用于在下面几个方面：1、表示单纯的将来“将要通用各个人称。eg:Theywillgotovisitthefactorytomorrow.明天他们将去工厂参观。IllcomewithWangBing,LiuTaoandYangLing.我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。2、表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的将来的事。eg:Tod
8、ayisSaturday.TomorrowwillbeSunday.今天是星期六。明天是将是星期日。Hewillbethirtyyearsoldthistimenextyear.明年这个时候他就将三十岁。3、问对方能否愿意做某事或表示客气地邀请或命令。eg:Willyoupleaseturnontheradio?请打开收音机好吗？Willyougotothezoowithme?你和我一起去动物园好吗？一般将来是特殊用法：1)be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。WearetotalkaboutthereportnextSaturday.2beaboutto+不定式，意为马上做某事。H
9、eisabouttoleaveforBeijing.注意：beaboutto不能与tomorrow,nextweek等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。3有些表趋向性的动词可用想在进行时表将来：例如：go，come，arrive，fly(飞往)，reach到达，stay，leave，start,die.如：Imgoingtogotothezoothisweenend.=Imgoingtothezoothisweenend.HesgoingtoleaveforParis.=HesleavingforParis.Theoldmanisdying.=Theoldmanwilldie.这个老人要逝世。练习
10、题1.Whattime_wemeetatthegatetomorrow?AwillBshallCdoDare2.Hewillhaveaholidayassoonashe_theworknextweek.AfinishesBdoesntfinishCwillfinishDwontfinish3.There_someshowersthisafternoon.AwillbeBwillhaveCisgoingtobeDaregoingtohave4.It_mybrothersbirthdaytomorrow.She_aparty.Aisgoingtobe;willhaveBwillbe;ishavin
11、gCwillbe;isgoingtohaveDwillhave;isgoingtobe5.LiMingis10yearsoldnow,nextyearhe_11.AisBisgoingtobeCwillbeDwilltobe二、填空1.-“Ineedsomepaper.-“I_(bring)someforyou.2._(be)youfreetomorrow?3.They_(notleave)untilyoucomeback.4._we_(go)tothepartytogetherthisafternoon?5.Theywanttoknowwhenthemeeting_start.6.I_(go
12、)withyouifIhavetime.7.Hurryup!Orwe_(be)late.8.What_you_(do)tomorrowafternoon?9.Jenny_(do)anexperimentthedayaftertomorrow.10.Ifsheisntfreetomorrow,she_(nottake)partintheparty.三、Therebe构造的一般将来时易出错例：There_abasketballmatchthisafternoon.(B)AisgoingtobeBisgoingtohaveCaregoingtobeDaregoingtohave四、begoingto
13、构造中易丢掉to例：Imgoing_(go)schoolbybiketomorrow.(C)AtowillgoBtogotoCgotoDtogoif条件句【知识要点】定义：常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。E.g.Ifyouaskhim，hewillhelpyou假如你请他帮助，他会帮你的。E.g.Ifyoufailintheexam，youwilllethimdown假如你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。E.g.Ifyouhavefinishedthehomework，youcangohome假如你作业做完了就能够回家了。
14、另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对如今或过去的一种假设。E.g.IfIwereyou，Iwouldinvitehimtotheparty假如我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。E.g.IwouldhavearrivedmuchearlierifIhadnotbeencaughtinthetraffic要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。另外你还要注意if条件句的时态搭配1if从句用一般如今时，主句用一般将来时E.g.Ifherunshellgetthereintime.假如他用跑的，他就会及时赶到那儿。E.g.Th
15、ecatwillscratchyouifyoupullhertail.假如你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。2if从句用一般如今时，主句用may/might/canE.g.Ifthefoggetsthickertheplanemay/mightbediverted.假如雾在大一些，飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。E.g.Ifitstopssnowingwecangoout.假如雪停了，我们就能够出去。3if从句用一般如今时，主句用must/shouldE.g.Ifyouwanttoloseweightyoumust/shouldeatlessbread.假如你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。4if从句用一般如今
16、时，主句用一般如今时E.g.Ifyouheaticeitturnstowater.(可以用willturn)假如把冰加热，它就会化成水。5if从句用如今进行时，主句用一般将来时E.g.IfyouarelookingforPeteryoullfindhimupstairs.假如你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。6if从句用如今完成时，主句用一般将来时E.g.IfyouhavefinisheddinnerIllaskthewaiterforthebill.假如你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账注意：学习if引导的条件状语从句的用法,如今总结一下:if条件句不一般,几个要点记心间;条件句,放在前,逗号要放句中
17、间。条件句表可能，主句多用将来时；条件句表事实，主句常用如今时。在if引导的条件状语从句中，假如从句议论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般如今时态。如：E.g.Wecanwalkthereifwecantfindabus.E.g.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothezoo.E.g.Whatwillyoudoifyoufindapandaindanger.假如if条件句议论的是重复发生和预示要发生的情景和事件，则主从句大多用一般如今时态。E.g.Ifbearsareindanger,theyattackpeople.在if
18、引导的条件状语从句中，if和条件句位置灵敏，可直接放在主句后面，若if条件句放句首，从句后面要加逗号，和主句隔开。还要注意前后时态一致原则【经典练习】一.单项选择1.Ifyou_totheparty,youllhaveagreattime.A.willgoB.wentC.goD.going2.Itwillbealongtime_Peter_hiswork.A.since,hasfinishedB.after,finishesC.when,willfinishD.before,finishes.3.Whatwillfather_usfromJapan?A.takeB.bringC.carryD.
19、make4.Weifangisfamous_kites.A.forB.toC.onD.with5I_hertheanswerifshe_me.A.cantell,willaskB.willtell,willaskC.wouldtell,askD.willtell,asks6.Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?-Wellgotothelibrarytomorrowifit_.A.isntrainB.rainC.wontrainD.doesntrain7.Doyouknowwhenhewillcomebacktomorrow?-Sorry,Idontknow.Whenhe_b
20、ack,Illtellyou.A.comesB.willcomeC.comeD.maycome8.Whatwillyoudoifyou_totheoldfolkshomevisit?A.goB.wentC.goingD.willgo9.IfIeat_food,Illbeveryfat.A.toomanyB.manytooC.toomuchD.muchtoo10.Illgivethebooktohimifhe_herenextSunday.A.willcomeB.comesC.iscomingD.came11.There_anEnglishfilminourschooltomorrow.A.is
21、goingtohaveB.willhaveC.isgoingtobeD.has12.Couldyoutelluswhere_？A.willthenextOlympicGamesheldB.thenextOlympicGameswillbeheldC.wouldthenextOlympicGamesbeheldD.thenextOlympicGameswouldbeheld二在正确的答案下划一条线。1.Daina(willgo/go/goes)toEuropeifshe(willpass/pass/passes)theexams.2.Thegraduates(willteach/teach/te
22、aches)inthepoorvillageiftheMinistryofEducation(willagree/agree/agrees)soon.3.Ifthere(willbe/are/is)acaraccident,they(willcall/call/calls)110forhelpatonce.4.Ifit(wont/dont/doesnt/isnt)rainy,we(willtake/take/takes)walkoutside.5.IfaUFO(willland/land/lands)infrontofme,I(willgo/go/goes)intolookforthealie
23、n.6.Ifhe(willhave/have/has)money,he(willbulid/build/builds)asciencelab.7.DontwaitformeifI(am/willbe)late.8.They(wont/dont)gotothebeachifit(willrain/rain/rains).9.I(willcall/call)youifhe(willstay/stay/stays)athome.10.MrSmith(willlet/let/lets)youknowifhe(willneed/need/needs)help.11.(Will/Do/Does)hevis
24、itthemuseumifhe(wont/dont/doesnt)gettired?12.Where(will/do/does)theyliveifthey(willmiss/miss/misses)thebus?三、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Ifyou_(feel)tired,you_(have)tohavearest.2.Where_he_(see)thefilmifhe_(have)time?3.Ifthere_(be)fewertrees,there_(be)morepollution.4.He_(dress)morecasuallyifhe_(notwork)onweekends.5
25、.IfMarcia_(live)alone,she_(keep)apetparrot.6.Lana_(buy)anewdressiftheoldone_(be)outofstyle.7.Thetwins_(fight)ifthey_(argue).8.I_(have)abakesaleifI_(need)moneyforeducation.9.Peter_(send)meabeautifulsouvenirifhe_(tour)Spain.10.IfMrGreen_(say)Iamhard-working,myparents_(feel)glad.11.I_(go)tothebeachifit
26、_(notrain)thisweek.12._they_(have)amatchiftheP.E.teacher_(be)busy?13.He_(write)alettertohisgrandparentsifhe_(get)hisreportcardthisweek.14.Ifshe_(get)uplate,she_(notcatch)theearlybus.15.Peter_(major)inEnglishifhe_(pass)theexamsinPekingUniversity.【家庭作业】1.Ifshe_(notget)homeontime,hermomwillbeworried.2.
27、IfTomworkshard,he_(make)alotofmoney.3.IfIstudyhard,mydream_(实现).4.Ifhe_(争论)hisfriend,hewillbeverysad.5.Ifyoufightwithyourbrother,what_(发生)?6.Callmeifhe_(回来).7.Hecanmakegreatprogressifhe_(追随，遵从)myadvice.()8.IfIfindhisphonenumber,I_you.A.tellB.toldC.willtellD.havetold()9.I_theCDstoyouifIhavetimetomorr
28、ow.A.willreturnB.returnedC.havereturnedD.return()10.ThestudentswillgototheSummerPalaceifit_tomorrow.A.wontrainB.isntrainingC.doesntrainD.isntrain()11.IwontwatchtheTVplayifmyfather_medomyhomework.A.letB.willletC.wontletD.lets()12.Ifyou_quiet,Illtellyouwhathappened.A.willB.areCaretobeD.be()13.Ifyougot
29、otheparty,you_agoodtime.A.wouldhaveB.haveC.willhaveD.had()14.Dontworry.Peterwillcallyouassoonashe_London.A.willgettoB.getstoC.gettoD.gotto()15.Hedoesnttellmewhenhe_.Illtelephoneyouassoonashe_.A.willcome,comesB.willcome,willcomeC.comes,willcomeD.comes,comes()16.-IdontknowifDr.White_tothepartynextweek.Ithinkhewillcomeifhe_free.文档视界2022/a46fc8b69a6648d7c1c708a1284ac850ac0204c0or3jjtghooj.htmles;willcomeB.willcome;willbeC.comes;isD.willcome;is()17.Idontknowifthere_asportsmeetingnextmonth.Ifthey_it,Imustgetreadyforit.A.is;willholdB.willbe;holdC.willbe;willholdD.willhave;hold