《大学综合英语-期末复习 (1).docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《大学综合英语-期末复习 (1).docx（20页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、大学综合英语-期末复习(1)大学综合英语期末温习学校：昆明理工大学你心上大学综合英语考试综合部分：总分100分；课内占55%，课外占45%：PartWriting15%以综合教材中某个单元的主题为话题写一篇作文PartReadingComprehension40%4篇文章，每篇5题选择，每题2分其中两篇来自课外，一篇选自综合教材PracticeTextIUnits1-4或者PracticeTextIIUnits5-8，还有一篇选自蓝鸽平台PartVocabulary25% (25题选择，主要由由平台以及综合教程上的选词填空改编)PartCloze10%(20题选择，由背诵课文TextB改编)P
2、artTranslation10%5题半句翻译，由课后翻译练习改编视听讲部分：总分：100分；课内占55%，课外占45%1.ShortConversations:10题，每题2分，共20分；课外2.LongConversations:2篇，10题，每题2.5分，共25分；课内3.Passages:3篇15题，每题3分，共45分；课内&课外4.Dictation：1篇，10个空，每空1分；课外A班及卓越班选自VOA大学综合英语阅读理解学校：昆明理工大学你心上下面四篇为重点，必考一篇，由于时间关系，我整理的阅读理解的答案，请大家记住答案，不要记住选项，出题教师会打乱顺序。PracticeTextI
3、Units1-4PassageoneQuestion57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.WhenIwas15,IannouncedtomyEnglishclassthatIwasgoingtowrite.Thewholeclassnearlyfelloutoftheirchairslaughing.Dontbesilly.Onlygeniusescanbecomewriters,Oneclassmatesaidtome.IwassohumiliatedIburstintotears.ThatnightIwroteasadpoemaboutbrokendrea
4、msandmailedittoalocalnewspaper.Tomyastonishmenttheypublishedit,andsentmetwodollars.Ishowedthepoemtomyfollowstudents.Againtheylaughed.Justplaindumbluck,theysaid.Idtastedsuccess.Thatwasmorethananyofthemhaddone,andifitwasjustdumbluck,thatwasfinewithme.DuringthenexttwoyearsIsolddozensofpoems,letters,jok
5、es,etc.BythetimeIgraduatedfromhighschool,Ihadpublishedquitealot,butInevermentionedmywritingtomyfriendsagain.Theyweredreamkillers.Butsometimesyoudofindafriendwhosupportsyourdreams.Itseasytowriteabook,thatnewfriendtoldme.Youcandoit.Ihadfourchildrenatthetime,andtheoldestwasonlyfour.Welivedonagoatfarmin
6、Oklahoma,milesfromanyone.AllIhadtodoeachdaywastakecareoffourkids,milkgoats,anddothecooking,laundryandgardening.Whilethechildrennapped,Itypedonmyancienttypewriter.IwrotewhatIfelt.Ittookninemonths,justlikeababy.Ichoseapublisheratrandomandputthemanuscriptinanemptydiaperbox,theonlyboxIcouldfind,Thelette
7、rIenclosedread:Iwrotethisbookmyself,Ihopeyoulikeit.AmonthlaterIreceivedacontractandarequesttostartworkingonanotherbook.CryingWindbecameabestseller,IappearedonTVtalkshows.ItraveledfromNewYorktoCaliforniaandCanadaonpromotionaltours.MyfirstbookalsobecamerequiredreadinginschoolsinCanada.Peopleaskwhatcol
8、legeIattended,whatdegreesIhave,andwhatqualificationsIhavetobeawriter.Theanswerisnone.Ijustwrite.Imnotagenius,andImnotgifted.十五岁的时候，我对班上同学公布讲准备写书。一半的学生开场窃笑，其余的则几乎从椅子上笑得跌到地上。“别傻了，只要天才才能成为作家，一个同学对我讲。我惭愧得大哭起来。那天晚上，我写了一首关于梦想破灭的悲伤短诗，并将它寄给了当地的报社。出人意料的是，他们发表了这首小诗并给我寄来了两美元。我是作家了，我的作品发表了并因而而得到了报酬。我拿给教师和同学看，他们
9、再一次的嘲笑我。“瞎猫逮着死耗子，我的第一篇作品就卖出去了。这比他们任何人做的都强，假如这是瞎猫逮着死耗子，那么我不在乎。在接下来的两年里，我卖掉了几十首诗歌、书信、笑话和食谱。中学毕业时，我的剪贴簿里已经贴满了我发表的作品。我再也没有将本人的写作情况告诉朋友。他们都是无情的摧梦者。但是有时也有朋友会支持你的梦想，“写作对你来讲是简单的，一个新的朋友告诉我，“你能做到的。现时我有四个孩子，最大的只要四岁。孩子们进入梦乡时，我就在那台老掉牙的打字机前打字，我写下本人的感受，这花了我九个月的时间，就像十月怀胎。我随意选择了一家出版社，将手稿用空的尿布盒子包起来。在附信中我写道：“这本书是我本人写的
10、，希望你喜欢。一个月后，我收到一份合同、一份预付款，以及另一本书的约稿。我的书（哭泣的风）成了最畅销的书。白天我出如今电视上的访谈节目中，晚上则回家换尿片。为了去领各种奖项，我从纽约来到加利福尼亚、加拿大。我的第一本书被列为加拿大本土美语学校的必读课程。人们问我曾上过什么大学，曾得过什么学位，曾获过什么资格证书才能够成为作家。答案是：“什么也不需要。我只是写。我不是天才。57.ThebesttitleofthispassagewouldbeNevergiveup.58.Thelaughingofthewholeclassattheauthorsdreamimpliedthattheybelie
11、vedthatshewastoosimpleandnaive.59.Theauthordidnotshowherpublicationstoherclassmatesagainbecausesheknewshecouldnotgetanyencouragementfromthem.60.TheauthorsdeterminationonwritingmightcomefromthefollowingEXCEPTherteacherspraise.61.Theauthorsstoryprovesthatperseveranceisessentialforonessuccess.Passagetw
12、oChrisPetersonwasteachingaclassinpsychologyatVirginiaTechwhenhetoldhisstudentstofilloutacarefullydesignedtestthatdeterminesapersonslevelofoptimismandpessimism.Thestudentsalsoansweredquestionsabouttheirgeneralhealth,includinghowoftentheywenttoadoctor.Petersonfollowedthehealthofhisstudentthefollowingy
13、earanddiscoveredthatthepessimistshadtwiceasmanydiseasesandmadetwiceasmanytripstothedoctorastheoptimists.Later,MattinSeligmanoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniaandtwoofhiscolleagues,usinginterviewsandbloodtests,foundthatoptimistshavebetterimmune(免疫的)activitythanpessimists.Why?Onebigfactoristhat“Pessimistic
14、individualsasSeligmanwrites,getdepressedmoreeasilyandmoreoften.Whenapersonisdepressed,certainbrainhormonesbecomereduced,creatingachainofbiochemicaleventsthatendupslowingdowntheactivityiftheimmunesystem.Optimistsalsolookatinformationinmoredepthtofindoutwhattheycandoabouttheriskfactors,InastudybyLisaA
15、spinwall,attheUniversityofMaryland,subjectsreadhealth-relatedinformationoncancerandothertopics.Shediscoveredthatoptimistsspentmoretimethanpessimistsreadingtheseverriskmaterialandtheyrememberedmoreofit.“Thesearepeople,saysAspinwall,whoarentsittingaroundwishingthingsweredifferentTheybelieveinabetterou
16、tcome,andthatwhatevermeasurestheytakewillhelpthemtoheal.Inotherwords,insteadofhavingtheirheadsintheclouds,optimistic.Thus,foryetanotherreason,optimistsarelikelytobehealthier.Thebestnewsiswhatresearchhasshownrepeatedly:Anyonecanbecomemoreoptimisticwitheffort.Andeveryeffortyoumaketokeepanoptimisticatt
17、itudewillrewardyouwithastrongerimmunesystem.Soyoullenjoybetterhealth.62.Thepurposeofthesescientificstudiesistodiscovertowhatdegreeoneshealthisrelatedtoonesattitudeinlife.63.Seligmansresearchsuggeststhatoptimismhelpspeoplebecomehealthier.64.Accordingtothescientists,thereductionofimmuneactivityisbasic
18、allycausedbyonesdepressedfeeling.65.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwecantellwhoisapessimistbyobservinghisreadingbehavior.66.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?Pessimistshavenohopeofmakingachangeintheirattitude.PracticeTextIIUnits5-8PassageoneMyobservationisthatmanyinstructors,fromelementarysch
19、oolthroughundergraduatecollegecourses,haveastandard,conventional,onlyonerightwayapproachtothematerial.Astudentwhodoesitdifferentlyfromtheinstructorislabeledwrong.Ibelievethatsuchanapproachisoftentheresultofthelimitedintellectualabilityoftheinstructor,whoonlyknowsonereliabletechnique.Asasimpleexample
20、ofrigidity(僵化),whenIwasapupilinelementaryschool,thetextbookandinstructortaughtthatthedefinitionofanounwasthenameofaperson,place,orthing.ButIhadreadmymothersoldcollegegrammarbook,whichsaidthatanounwasthenameofanything.Ilikedthelatterdefinitionbetter,becauseitwaslogicallysimpler:anynameisanoun.ButIwas
21、markedwrongfornotusingtheofficialdefinition,althoughthedefinitionIgaveontheexaminationwasequivalent.Studentswhoarebothintelligentandhighlycreativeoftenmakeaveragegradesinschool,becausethesecreativestudentsseeissuesandvaguenessinexaminationproblemsthattheinstructordidnotintend.Creativestudentsmisread
22、thequestion,accordingtotheviewoftheconventionalinstructor.Thisproblemisparticularlysevereonmultiplechoiceexaminationswhereacreativestudentcanquicklyfindsituationsinwhicheitherallornoneoftheanswersarecorrect,whereasanoncreativestudentwhoknowsthematerialinaconventionalwaysimplyselectsthebestanswerandg
23、etsmarkedcorrect.Childrenseemtohaveaninnatesenseofcuriosity,enthusiasm,andimagination.Matureadultsgenerallylackthesequalities.Wheredidthesequalitiesgetlost?Ibelievethatteachersandindustrialmanagersbeatthesequalitiesoutofpeople,inordertomakethemeasiertocontrolandmanage.Inmyexperience,bothasastudentan
24、dprofessor,organizededucation-asabureaucracy(官僚机构)-activelydiscouragescreativity.Ibelievethatcreativitycanbetaughtandencouragedinamaster-apprenticesetting,suchasastudentworkinginaresearchlaboratory.57.Accordingtotheauthor,whatistheproblemwithschooleducation?_AThetechniquesusedinteachingareoutofdate.
25、BTeachersaretryingtoteachtheirstudentsintheirownway.CStudentsareencouragedtosolveaprobleminafixedway.DSchoolsdonotprovidestudentswithproperlearningmaterials.58.TheauthorpointsoutthattheproblemiscausedbythefollowingEXCEPT_.AteacherspoorqualitiesBtheloweracademiclevelsofschoolsCteacherslackofinstructi
26、veskillsDthelackoflearningmaterials3.Bytakinghis/herearlyexperienceineducationasanexample,theauthorintendsto_.AillustratehowteachersaretoorigidBremindusoftheimportanceofearlyeducationCcriticizetheunqualifiedteachersinhiselementaryschoolDappealforacomprehensivereforminhighereducation4.Creativestudent
27、saremorelikelytomakemistakesinexaminationsbecause_.AtheymisreadthequestionsintheexaminationsBtheyfindthatsomeproblemsintheexaminationsarenotclearCtheytendtounderstandaquestioninavaguewayDtheydontliketotakedirectapproachestoexaminationproblems5.Inordertokeepchildrencuriousandcreative,theauthorsuggest
28、s_.AinstructorsmakeanefforttogiveclearinstructionsBschoolsprovidestudentswithinterestingmaterialsCstudentsbetrainedinamaster-apprenticerelationshipDteacherschangetheirinstructiveapproachesPassagetwoYourmoralvaluesareyourbeliefsaboutwhatisimportantinlife.Somevaluesrefertohowoneshouldact(behonest,unse
29、lfish,self-disciplined)whileothervaluesrefertowhatonewantstoaccomplishorobtaininlife(alotofmoney,fame,afamily,friendships,worldpeace).Becauseapersoncannothaveitallorbeallthings,prioritiesmustbesetandchoicesmade.Settingyourprioritiesoftenleadstovalueconflicts.Youmaywanttobesuccessfulinyourcareer,buty
30、oumayalsowantamorerelaxinglifestyleandmoretimetospendwithfriendsandfamily.Here,thevalueofsuccessmaycomeintoconflictwiththevalueoffamily.Someexamplesofmoralvaluesare:integrity,respect,caring,justiceandopenness.Therearemany,manymoralvalues;thus,theserepresentonlyaveryfew.Tounderstandandsolveamoraldile
31、mma,youmustfigureoutwhichvaluesareinvolvedintheconflict,prioritizethem,andactupontheprimaryvalue.Theactmustbegroundedinamoralrule.Whatisamoralrule?Amoralruleisveryspecific;itisactionguiding.Ittellsyouwhattodoinaspecificsituation.Moralrulesarequitespecificaboutwhatshouldbedone.Valuesaregeneralbeliefs
32、orattitudesaboutsomethingwedesireorlike.Ourvaluesveryoftenunderlieourmoralrules.Ifmymoralruleisalwaysbehonest,thenmyvalueishonesty.Valuesonlyexpresswhatitisthatwebelievehasvalue.Beingamoralpersonrequiresourknowinghowtomakegoodmoraldecisionsbyusingethicalstandardsandcriticalthinking.Sometimeswemustch
33、oosebetweenwhatwewanttobeandwhatwewantordesire.Veryoftenwhatwehavetherighttodoisnotidenticalwithwhattherightthingtodois.Thereisnotonesingledecisionmakingprocedurewhichworks.62.Accordingtothepassage,lifeisfullofvalueconflictsbecause_. AwefindithardtomakeachoicebetweendifferentthingsBtherearetoomanyth
34、ingswedontknowhowtoobtainCmoney,fame,familyandfriendshipareallvaluableforusDpeoplehavedifferentstandardsofvalues63.Theauthordescribesmoralvaluesas_.AthewayonebehavesBthepurposeoflifeCthebeliefonehasaboutwhatisvaluableinlifeDthethingsonehastochooseinlife64.Whensolvingamoralproblem,theauthorsuggests_.
35、AwetakemoralvalueastheruleBweconsiderourchoicesinaccordancewithoursocialvaluesCwetakeintoaccountbothvaluesandvaluerulesDwebaseourdecisiononamoralrule65.Inthethirdparagraph,theauthorintendsto_.AemphasizetheimportanceofvaluesinoureverydaylifeBexplainthedifferencebetweenvaluesandmoralrulesCdefinetherol
36、eofmoralruleswhenwemakeachoiceDdescribewhatisamoralruleindetail66.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat_.AmakingamoraldecisionisacomplexprocessBourdesiresarethecausesofmoralconflictsCmoralvaluesarethebasicstandardsofdecisionsDmakinggoodmoraldecisionsrequirescriticalthinking鉴于上个学期的期末考试中，考了蓝鸽平台的阅读理解“Hypn
37、otism催眠术，我整理下本学期蓝鸽平台上的阅读理解，附上标准答案和翻译，由于时间关系，我并没有逐篇翻译。请大家好好温习。Passage1Americansocietyisnotfriendlytonap.Infact,saysDavidDinges,asleepspecialistattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaSchoolofMedicine,Theresevenaprohibitionagainstadmittingweneedsleep.Nobodywantstobecaughtnappingorfoundasleepatwork.Toquoteaprover
38、b:Somesleepfivehours,naturerequiresseven,lazinessnineandwickednesseleven.Wrong.Thewaynottofallasleepatworkistotakenapswhenyouneedthem.Wehavetototallychangeourattitudetowardnapping,saysDr.WilliamDementofStanfordUniversity,thegodfatherofsleepresearch.LastyearanationalcommissionledbyDementidentifiedanA
39、mericansleepdebtwhichonemembersaidwasasimportantasthenationaldebt.Thecommissionwasconcernedaboutthedangersofsleepiness:peoplecausingindustrialaccidentsorfallingasleepwhiledriving.ThismaybewhywehaveanewsleeppolicyintheWhiteHouse.Accordingtorecentreports,PresidentClintonistryingtotakeahalf-hournapever
40、yafternoon.About60percentofAmericanadultsnapwhengiventheopportunity.Weseemtohaveamidafternoonquietphase,alsocalledasecondarysleepgate.Sleeping15minutestotwohoursintheearlyafternooncanreducestressandmakeusrefreshed.Clearly,wewereborntonap.Wedontnaptoreplacelostshut-eyeortoprepareforanightshift.Rather
41、,wesnackonsleep,whenever,whereverandatwhatevertimewefeellikeit.Imyselfhavenappedinbuses,cars,planesandonboats;infloorsandbeds;andinlibraries,officesandmuseums.【短文大意】本篇为讲明文。美国人对午睡一向不屑一顾，甚至以为那是懒惰大逆不道的表现。然而事实使他们改变了看法，午睡不仅仅是一种习惯，它能够消除紧张，恢复精神，所以美国人意识到了睡眠欠帐带来的众多问题。1.ItiscommonlyacceptedinAmericansocietyth
42、attoomuchsleepis_.AunreasonableBcriminalCharmful Dcostly【答案与详解】A。该题为细节判定题。根据第一段第一句，“Americansocietyisnotnapfriendly，此处的notnapfriendly意为“不接受午睡，不支持午睡。选项B“犯法的，犯罪的；选项C“有害的；选项D“昂贵的，代价高的，均与上述表达不符。选项A“没道理的，讲不通，所以选A。2.TheresearchdonebytheDementCommissionshowsthatAmericans_.AdontliketotakenapsBareterriblywor
43、riedabouttheirnationaldebtCsleeplessthanisgoodforthemDhavecausedmanyindustrialandtrafficaccidents【答案与详解】C。该题为细节判定题。根据第三段第一句，“LastyearanationalcommissionledbyDementidentifiedanAmericansleepdebt?whichonemembersaidwasasimportantasthenationaldebt.，该委员会发现睡眠欠帐问题，美国人睡眠普遍比身体所需少。表达了上述含义，所以选C。3.Thepurposeofth
44、isarticleisto_.AwarnusofthewickednessofnappingBexplainthedangerofsleepinessCdiscussthesideeffectsofnappingDconvincethereaderofthenecessityofnapping【答案与详解】D。该题为主旨题。从语篇角度分析，作者意在指出午睡是消除紧张，恢复精神的需要，而不仅仅是一种习惯。选项D“使读者相信午睡的必要性为正确答案。4.TheAmericansleepdebt(paragraph3)istheresultof_.AthetraditionalmisconceptiontheAmericanshaveaboutsleepBthenewsleeppolicyoftheClintonAdministrationCtherapiddevelopmentofAmericanindustryDtheAmericansworryaboutthedangerofsleepiness【答案与详解】A。该题为细节推理题。结合原文细节能够判定：选项B和D表达的内容与