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1、2022年中考英语语法复习-非谓语动词考点提示1. 非谓语动词，即不能在句子中单独作谓语的动词，包括：不定式，动名词等。2. 非谓语动词是中考必考点，主要涉及：不定式作主语，定语，宾语，状语，宾语补足语；动名词作主语，宾语；3. 常见考试题型：词形转换，动词填空和选择填空；考点详解1. 不定式：在中考复习时要侧重不定式作宾语，宾语补足语的用法。作主语：掌握it在以下结构中做形式主语的用法，句中真正的主语是不定式It+be+形容词+(for/of sb.)+to do sth.做定语: 不定式做定语只能置于所修饰的名词或代词之后,在含有以下动词的句式中常出现不定式做定语的情况:I findwan
2、t，have，getsomething to do something 都是后置定语不定式do的宾语作宾语中考复习重点复习时应注意以下3种情况：在以下常用动词之后，只能跟不定式作宾语。Want,/ hope,/ wish, /decide, /would like,/ learn, /refuse,/ plan,/ agree, 以下动词之后，常出现带疑问词的不定式：和疑问词what, who, which, how, when, where等连用。tell，/ show，/teach，/decide，/discuss，/learn，/know注意：动词find，think之后如有不定式作宾语
3、，要用it作形式宾语，不定式后置 I find/think it +形容词 +to do sth it=to do sth作宾语补足语中考复习重点某些常用动词要求带to的不定式作宾语补足语want，/ wish，/invite，/get，/order，/tell，/ask，感官动词和局部使役动词之后要求不带to的不定式作宾语补足语feel,/ listen to / hear,/ watch,/ notice,/ look at,/ see, let(让) /make (使)，/have(让)宾语补足语的否认式：在带to的不定式之前加not；不带to的前加not；tell sb.not to
4、do sth make sb.not do sth注意：help之后不定式作宾语补足语时带不带to都可以;help sb.(to) do sth.感官动词和局部使役动词之后接不带to的不定式,变为被动语态时要带toeg: She is oftenmade to do her homework作状语：注意以下几种情况：作结果状语：too+形容词副词+to do sth 形容词副词+enough to do sth作目的状语：in order to do sth作原因状语：常出现在主系表结构形容词表语之后； be+形容词(glad,happy,sorry,pleased,surprised 等 )
5、+to do sth课本中出现的其他动词不定式的习惯表达：Its best/better(for sb.)to do sth. Something/nothing to do need to do sth.Hope to do sth. Its easy/hard to say/to doBegin/start to do love to doLearn to do/teach (sb.)to doget/be ready to doIts very kind/nice of you to doTake turns to do/be ones turn to doChoose to doagr
6、ee to doWait (for sb.)to do cant wait to do Be able to do go on to doUse sth to dosend for sb.to doIt seems to do/be be surprised to do Be the first/second to do Prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.动名词:动名词做动词宾语的用法，有以下几种情况：以下常用动词(组)之后只能跟动名词作宾语。(keep/enjoy/finish/mind/ practice/ hate/ allow/ escape)+d
7、oing(feel like/ give up/ cant help/ be worth/ be busy)+doing介词，包括与动词构成固定搭配的介词之后要跟动名词 carry on doing sth, / thank sb. for doing spend(in) doing sth /have fun (in) doing sthstopfrom doing sth.动名词作主语。Doing sth.is +形容词Playing basketball is good for your health.Remember to do sth.记住去做某事动作尚未发生Remember doi
8、ng sth.记起过去做过Forget to do sth.忘记去做某事Forget doing sth.忘记过去曾经作过某事常用动词后接不定式和动名词作宾语意义有区别：like to do sth.(一次性行为)like doing sth (习惯性行为)Stop to do sth.停下手中事，去做另一件事Stop doing sth.停止正在做的事Try to do sth.设法努力去做某事Try doing sth.尝试做某事See/hear sb.do sth.看/听到某人干过了某事See/hear sb.doing sth. 看/听到某人正在干某事课本中出现的其他动名词习惯表达1g
9、o+doing 去做事go shopping/swimming/fishing/boating/hiking/skating/surfinggo water-skiing(去划水) go scuba diving(去潜水)2do +some/much+doing 做一些/大量的事do some shopping/cleaning/reading/washing/cooking/walking3含动名词的名词短语: standing room 立足之地reading room阅览室 sitting room起居室waiting room候诊室,等候室 sleeping car卧铺车厢shoppi
10、ng list 购物单 shopping basket购物蓝starting line 起点线 finishing line终点线writing brush 毛笔 Tree Planting Day植树节4 stop sb./sth.(from) doing sth阻止某人/物做某事 Prevent sb./sth.(from) doing sth阻止/防止某人/物做某事Keep sb./sth.from doing sth阻止/防止某人/物做某事注意:三条短语中,前两条中from可省去,而第三条不能省,因为:keep sb./sth doing sth 保持某人/物做某事5 have som
11、e difficulty(in)doing sth.在做某事中有困难 have some problems(in)doing sth 在做某事中有问题 have fun(in) doing sth 在做某事中过得愉快 spend(时间/金钱) (in) doing sth在做某事上花费时间/金钱6 go on doing / what/how about doing / prefer sth. todoing be good at doing / instead of doing / find sb. doing keep(sb.)doing /keep on doing / mind doi
12、ng there is sb.doing sth / feel like doingIts nice talking to you / get/be used for doingd附：动词原形do的用法： why not do why dont you do you/he/we/theyd better (not) do (youd=you had)let/make/have sb.(not) do sth.使役动词will/would you please (not)do sth.) must/mustnt/can/cant/may/could/need(not)do (情态动词)see/h
13、ear/watch/feel sb. do (感官动词)look at sb. do (感官动词)listen to sb. do (感官动词) 10祈使句11help sb. do仿真训练：用所给动词的适当形式填空1. After two hours discussion, the manager decide(end) the meeting.2. There are so many unusual things in the museum, its worthagain(visit)3. It is not easy(learn)a foreign language4. We are g
14、lad(see) you again.5. We say him (play) football outside.8. (read) in bed is bad for your eyes.9. Life is long if you know how (use)10. Are you interested in (collect) stamps 11. Do you enjoy(live) in China 12. Jim asked me(help) him with his lessons.13. He wants(borrow) a book from the school libra
15、ry.15. He went to bed after he finished(write)the letter.16. The wife told her husband (drive) too fast.17. Its best(wear) warm clothes in winter.18. “(open)your books and turn to Page 5 ,please the teacher said. 19. Walk along this road, and take the first(turn)on the right.20. Look at the boys, th
16、ey are busythe young tree to the top the stick(tie)21. Id like(have) a glass of water, please 22. Everything begins(grow) in spring.23. I have quite a lot of homework(do).24. Dont forget(tell) him about this.25. The boy is too young(go) to school;.27. They went (fish) the day before yesterday.28. I
17、do some(wash) every Sunday.29. If the population keeps growing so fast, there will be only room on the earth(stand)30. When did you learn(skate) 31. Would you like me you move that desk (help)32. What about(go) out for a swim 34. Lets (play) games, shall we 36. Thank you very much for(teach)us so we
18、ll.37 .Did they have a school(meet) yesterday 38. I hope (be) a scientist when I grow up.39. Some of the questions are hard(answer).40. Robinson was ready (cross) the sea.41. Itll take you twenty minutes(go)there by bike.42. Im very pleased(see)you again.43. Would you like something(drink) 44. What
19、makes you (think)I am a doctor 45. Her brother gave her a (shop) basket.46. Im sorry(keep) you(wait) so long.47. Does she like (sing) after class.48. It was nice (talk) to you.49. Would you please(go)there with me 50. Its dangerous(play) in the street.用所给动词的适当的形式填空-参考答案：1.to end 2.visiting 3.to lear
20、n 4.to see 5.playing6.reading 7.reading 8.Reading 9.to use 10.collecting11.living 12.to help 13.to borrow 14.not be 15.writing16.not to drive 17.to wear 18.Open 19.turning20.tying 21.to have 22.to grow 23.to do 24.to tell25.to go 26 e 27.fishing 28.washing 29.standing 30.to skate 31.to help 32.going 33.talking 34.play 35.to have 36 teaching 37.meeting 38.to be 39.to answer 40.to cross 41.to go 42.to see43.to drink 44.think 45.shopping 46.to keep; waiting47.singing 48.talking 49.go 50.to playing