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1、书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School句型转换句型转换是句子类别的是句子类别的转换。该题的目的在于检测学转换。该题的目的在于检测学生运用各种句型的表达能力。生运用各种句型的表达能力。要求学生对所学的句子结构和要求学生对所学的句子结构和词形的变化做到概念清楚，运词形的变化做到概念清楚，运用准确。用准确。书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle Sc
2、hoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School例例1The little girl was so tired that she couldnt go farther.The little girl was _ tired _ go farther. （一）（一） 句型转换的解题应试技巧句型转换的解题应试技巧1必须弄清原句的句型和意思以及判别改写必须弄清原句的句型和意思以及判别改写后的句子是什么句型。后的句子是什么句型。 通过分析，我们不难发现，该题是由复合通过分析，我们不难发现，该题是由复
3、合句转换为简单句，可用句转换为简单句，可用tooto句型。句型。 书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School根据我们所学过的同义词组，根据我们所学过的同义词组，look after sb well相当于相当于take good care of sb. 例例2 It took him two hours to do these exercises yesterday. He _ two hours
4、 _ these exercises yesterday. 该句的句型是该句的句型是It takes sb sometime to do sth. 英语表达该意思的还有英语表达该意思的还有spendon句型。句型。例例3 I must look after my sister well at home. I must _ _ _ _ my sister at home.书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middl
5、e School 很明显，这是两个简单句之间的转换，可很明显，这是两个简单句之间的转换，可用用not strong enough来填空。来填空。 例例4They were tired, so they had a rest. They had a rest _ they were tired. 该句由并列句转换为复合句，可用该句由并列句转换为复合句，可用because来连接，表示因果关系。来连接，表示因果关系。例例5He was too weak to carry the heavy box. He was _ _ _ to carry the heavy box.书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟
6、Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School 从近年来的考题趋势来看，句型从近年来的考题趋势来看，句型转换从单纯测试语法知识向改变句子转换从单纯测试语法知识向改变句子结构填空，填词后使句意不变或与要结构填空，填词后使句意不变或与要求相符的方向发展。其中许多属于常求相符的方向发展。其中许多属于常用句型。可归纳如下：用句型。可归纳如下：2要熟悉常用句型的转换规律。要熟悉常用句型的转换规律。书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing
7、 Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School例例3We can fly to the moon one day._ _ fly to the moon one day?(1)(1) 肯定句变为一般疑问句及否定句肯定句变为一般疑问句及否定句a. 变为一般疑问句时，系动词变为一般疑问句时，系动词be、助动词或情助动词或情态动词置于主语之前。态动词置于主语之前。例例1 He was so clever. _ _ so clever?例例2Jo
8、hn felt happy at that time._ John _ happy at that time?WasheDidfeelCanyou书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School例例3 The doctor could help that people. The doctor _ _ that people. b. 变为否定句时，系动词、助动词或情变为否定句时，系动词、助动词或情态动词
9、后加态动词后加not。 例例1 The twins were happy to see their uncle. The twins _ _ to see their uncle. 例例2 Mr. Smith works hard every day. Mr. Smith _ _ hard every day.werent happydoesntworkcouldnt help书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior M
10、iddle School例例2I could dance and sing when I was five years old.I _ dance _ sing when I was five years old. 如果肯定句中含有如果肯定句中含有some，and，a lot oflots of，already，tooalso, bothand, everythingeveryoneeverybody, always等词等词(组组)，要变为，要变为any，or，muchmany，yet， either, neithernor, nothingnobody, never。c. 注意：注意：例例1
11、They had lots of friends in China.They _ have _ friends in China.didntmanycouldntor书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School例例 He can make a model plane, I think. (否定句否定句) I _ think he _ make a model plane.例例1Mother tol
12、d me to go to bed early last night. Mother told me _ _ go to bed early last night.d. 否定前移否定前移e. 一些特殊结构，变否定句时，在动词（词一些特殊结构，变否定句时，在动词（词组）后直接加组）后直接加not。dontcannotto书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School 另外，还有另外，还有ask sb
13、(not) to do sth，Will you please (not) do sth，had better (not) do sth，try (not) to do sth, decide (not) to do sth等。等。 例例2 Lets play basketball on the playground this afternoon. Lets _ _ basketball on the playground.notplay书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle
14、 SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School例例2 The man in the car is my fathers friend. _ _ is _ fathers friend? (2)(2) 对划线部分提问对划线部分提问 对划线部分提问是根据划线的内容提出一个特对划线部分提问是根据划线的内容提出一个特殊疑问句。即特殊疑问词殊疑问句。即特殊疑问词+一般疑问句构成。一般疑问句构成。a. 如划线部分是定语，它所修饰的词要如划线部分是定语，它所修饰的词要跟随特殊疑问词移至句前。跟随特殊疑问词移至句前。例例1 This is Kates hat. _ _
15、is this?WhosehatWhichmanyour书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School例例2 Ann flew to Beijing last year. What _ Ann _ last year? b. 划线部分如是谓语动词，应该用划线部分如是谓语动词，应该用do的形式来取代。的形式来取代。例例1 They are looking for the boy in the city
16、. _ are they _ in the city?Whatdoingdiddo书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School c. c. 常见疑问词常见疑问词(组组)：what，what+名词名词(如如what colour，what grade等等)，when，why，where，who(whom)，which，whose，how，how+形容词形容词副词副词(如如how long，how f
17、ar，how often，how soon等等)。要注意以上各。要注意以上各种疑问词种疑问词(组组)的用法。的用法。 书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle Schoold. 注意一些特殊词，如注意一些特殊词，如little、few、no、nothing、never等出现时，前半句表示否定等出现时，前半句表示否定的概念，后半句应用肯定形式。的概念，后半句应用肯定形式。(3) 改为反意疑问句 反意疑问句的前
18、半句为陈述句，后半句为简反意疑问句的前半句为陈述句，后半句为简短的一般疑问句，在改写当中，要注意：短的一般疑问句，在改写当中，要注意：a. 前肯后否，前否后肯；前肯后否，前否后肯；b. 人称、时态和数要保持一致；人称、时态和数要保持一致；c. 各种祈使句，反意疑问句的后半句都用各种祈使句，反意疑问句的后半句都用will you，但但Lets句用句用shall we；书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle
19、School例例4 Dont tell him the bad news, _ _? 例例1 Class 3 were the winners in the race, _ _?例例2 The man couldnt climb up the tree, _ _?例例3 There is little water in the bottle, _ _?werent theycouldheistherewillyou书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqin
20、g Longtian Junior Middle School另外，注意以下句子：另外，注意以下句子： I am a student,_ _?What a kind girl, _ _?How fast the boy runs, _ _? arentIisntshedoesnt he书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School例例3I dont know what I can do. I don
21、t know _ _ do. (4) 复合句变为简单句由复合句变为简单句时，一般都是将复合由复合句变为简单句时，一般都是将复合句中的从句改为不定式形式，或是介词短语的句中的从句改为不定式形式，或是介词短语的形式。比如形式。比如sothat可以改写成可以改写成tooto结构的结构的简单句，但应注意简单句，但应注意to后面必须直接跟行为动词后面必须直接跟行为动词的原形。的原形。例例1 He was so young that he cant read. He was _ _ _ read.例例2 We cant live if there is no air or water. We cant l
22、ive _ air or water.tooyoungtowithoutwhatto书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School要点分析 此类复合句主要是宾语从句和结果状语从句，宾语从句此类复合句主要是宾语从句和结果状语从句，宾语从句改为不定式的句式有：改为不定式的句式有： 1）hopewish，be sure，tell 等后跟等后跟 that 引导的从句，引导的从句，可转换为不定式；可转换为不定
23、式； 2）特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，也可转换为）特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，也可转换为“特殊疑特殊疑问词问词 + to do”结构，构成不定式短语。结构，构成不定式短语。 3)so that 引导的结果状语从句有两种情况：引导的结果状语从句有两种情况： A.表示肯定的结果，可与表示肯定的结果，可与“enough to”结构互换；结构互换； B.表示否定的结果，它既表示否定的结果，它既 可以与可以与“too to”结构互换，结构互换，也可以改为也可以改为“not + adjadv+ enough to”。（注：。（注：此时的形容词或副词应为上句的反义词。）注意：此时的形容词或副词应为上句的反义词。
24、）注意：“so that ”结构前后主语不一致时，应在结构前后主语不一致时，应在 enough 或或 too + adj后面加后面加 for sb。书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School例例3 You cant take both the basketball and the football. You can take _ the basketball _ the football. (5
25、) 同义句转换例例1 Li Ping does well in English. Li Ping _ _ _ English.例例2 I can mend the bike. Li Lei can, too. I can mend the bike, and _ _ Li Lei.isgoodatsocaneitheror书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School例例5 Li Lei is th
26、e tallest in his class. Li Lei is _ than _ _ student in his class. 形容词与副词的级形容词与副词的级 (not so/as as与与than换）（比较级与换）（比较级与than any other/the others /any others 或或no one/ nobody else/ nonethan=of/in, favourite=like best)，例例4 Whats the matter, Granny? _ _ with you, Granny?Whatswrongtalleranyother书山有路勤为径学海无
27、涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School补充同义短语 prefer.to / would rather do A than do B like A better than B prefer A to B; like doing A better than doing B prefer doing A to doing B prefer doing A instead of doing B would rather
28、 do A than do B prefer to do A rather than do BA has sth / sth belongs to sbtwo days more / another+数字数字no longer / not any longer（ 动作或状态不再延续因此必须与延续性动词连用）动作或状态不再延续因此必须与延续性动词连用） No more / notany more（次数上不再重复，数量上不再增加，程度上不再提高。）次数上不再重复，数量上不再增加，程度上不再提高。）want to know / wonderremember to do / dont forget t
29、o doborrow from / lend tobe at home / be inbe full of / be filled with 装满，盛满装满，盛满on ones own / by oneselfcan / be able tocross / go acrossfail to do / not succeed in doing fail in a test / not pass finally / at last 书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle Scho
30、olFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School例例2 His brother wont do the shopping tomorrow. (改为一般现在时改为一般现在时)His brother _ _ the shopping on Sundays. (6) 时态转换例例1 We are going to help the farmers on the farm tomorrow. (用用now改写改写) We _ _ the farmers on the farm _.arehelpingnowdoesnt do书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Lon
31、gtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School时态转换时态转换 多考查过去时与完成时的转换多考查过去时与完成时的转换come/ arrivebe in/here, joinbe a/in, buyhave, borrowkeep leave/movebe away/out of diebe dead , get upbe up begin/startbe on, finish/endbe over, fall asleepbe asleep ge
32、t to knowknow, go outbe outbeginstartbe on； comebe here；returnbe back；marrybe married；fall asleepgo to sleepbe asleep；有以下结构：有以下结构： 1. 完成时完成时+ for time/since + time+ago 2. Its/Its been + time + since + 过去时（非延续性动词）过去时（非延续性动词） 3. Time + has passed since + 过去时（非延续性动词）过去时（非延续性动词） e.g: He died three years
33、 ago. He has been dead for three years/since 3 years ago. Its three years since he died. It has been 3 years since he died. Three years has passed since he died.书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School (7) 语态转换 即运用主动语态
34、与被动语态的变化来转即运用主动语态与被动语态的变化来转换同义词，但此时要特别注意时态、动换同义词，但此时要特别注意时态、动词一致性。词一致性。1. Everyone should give back his library books on time. Library books should_ _ _ on time. 分析：答案为分析：答案为be given back。被动。被动句中含有情态动词句中含有情态动词should，因此助动词，因此助动词用用be。书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Ju
35、nior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School1.We call Mr. Smith a living Lei Feng. Mr. Smith_ a living Lei Feng (by us).2.Toms father bought him a book. He _ a book (by his father)A book_him (by his father)1.带双宾语的句子有两种改法带双宾语的句子有两种改法: 一般情况一般情况下把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语下把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语.当把当把直接宾语物作为主语时，要加
36、介词直接宾语物作为主语时，要加介词to,forwas boughtis calledwas bought to书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle Schoolpass, show, send 此类动词有：此类动词有：buy如如：givebe given to 此类动词还有：此类动词还有：书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing L
37、ongtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School2.2.感官动词感官动词( (hear, see, watch, feel, notice等等) )和使役动词和使役动词( (let ,make have等等) )在主动语在主动语态中后接不带态中后接不带toto的动词不定式的动词不定式, ,但是改为被动语但是改为被动语态时态时, , 把把toto加在动词原形之前加在动词原形之前. .They made the boys work 12 hours a day.The boys were made to work 12
38、 hours a day.We often see him go for a walk by the river.He is often seen to go for a walk by the river.书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School 3 主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态: :把人变为主语把人变为主语 Mother told me not
39、to be late. I was told not to be late by mother. I saw mother planting flowers in the garden. Mother was seen planting flowers in the garden. 书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolSpeak to be spoken toHand in be hand
40、ed in书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School4 短语动词的被动语态短语动词的被动语态 I can take good care of the baby. The baby can be taken good care of.We should speak to the old politely.The old should be spoken to politely. 书山有路勤为径学海
41、无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School 例例3The flowers are beautiful. _ _ _ they are! _ _ _ flowers are! （8 8）改为感叹句）改为感叹句例例1 The twins study Chinese very hard. _ _ the twins study Chinese!例例2The weather was rather bad yesterda
42、y. _ _ _ it was yesterday!HowhardWhatbadweatherWhat beautiful flowersHowbeautiful the书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School运用感叹句的两种句式进行转换运用感叹句的两种句式进行转换 1）How + adjadv+ 主语主语 + 谓语！谓语！ 2）What + a（an）+ adj+ 单数名词单数名词 + 主语
43、主语 + 谓语！谓语！ What + adj+ 复数名词不可数名词复数名词不可数名词 + 主语主语 + 谓语！谓语！ 书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School（9 9）运用关联连词连接或合并句子）运用关联连词连接或合并句子 即运用关联连词即运用关联连词bothand，neithernor，eitheror，not onlybut also等将两个简单句合并等将两个简单句合并为一个简单句。此时要
44、注意的是，为一个简单句。此时要注意的是，bothand连接两个主语时，谓语总连接两个主语时，谓语总是用复数，而是用复数，而neithernor，eitheror，not onlybut also连连接两个主语时，谓语动词通常应与靠近接两个主语时，谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致。如：的主语保持一致。如：书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School 1. Tom cant speak Japane
45、se well and Jim cant, either. _ Tom _ Jim can speak Japanese well. 分析：答案填分析：答案填Neither，nor。neithernor表示表示“和和（两（两者）都不者）都不”，刚好与原句的两个否定结，刚好与原句的两个否定结构的意思相吻合。构的意思相吻合。书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟Fuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle SchoolFuqing Longtian Junior Middle School3反复推敲，确保无误。改变后要看看
46、意思是否与反复推敲，确保无误。改变后要看看意思是否与要求相符，有没有语法和习惯用法方面的错误。要求相符，有没有语法和习惯用法方面的错误。（二）做句型转换时应注意的几个问题首先应看清题意，分析句子结构，再按句子要求首先应看清题意，分析句子结构，再按句子要求变换句型。变换句型。1注意时态；注意时态；2句子的成分不变。原句的句子在改变句型时仍不句子的成分不变。原句的句子在改变句型时仍不可缺少，否则句子不完整，但有一个例外，在陈述可缺少，否则句子不完整，但有一个例外，在陈述句改为感叹句时，要增加句子成分，感叹词句改为感叹句时，要增加句子成分，感叹词what和和how分别为按句子的要求而增加的定语或状语，句子分别为按句子的要求而增加的定语或状语，句子其他成分不变；其他成分不变；练习题（略）