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1、吉林省延边第二中学2022-2022学年高二英语上学期第一次月考试题含解析考前须知：答案必须写在答题卡上，答在试卷上无效。本试卷分第一卷选择题和第二卷非选择题两局部，本试卷总分值120分。考试时间90分钟。第一卷选择题共80分第一局部阅读理解共20小题；总分值40分第一节共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AKings College Summer School is a training program every year for high school students at all levels
2、who want to improve their English. Courses are given by the teachers of Kings College and other colleges in New York. Trips to museums and culture centers are also organized. This years summer school will be from July 25 to August 15.More information is as follows:Application dateStudents in New Yor
3、k should send their applications before July 18, 2022.Students of other cities should send their applications before July 16, 2022.Foreign students should send their applications before July 10, 2022.CoursesEnglish LanguageSpoken English: 22 hoursReading and Writing: 10 hoursAmerican History: 16 hou
4、rsAmerican Culture: 16 hoursStepsA letter of self-introductionA letter of recommendation(推荐) The letters should be written in English with all the necessary information.CostDaily lessons: $200Sports and activities: $100Travels: $200Hotel service: $400You may choose to live with your friends or relat
5、ives in the same city.Please write to:Thompson, Sanders1026 King s StreetNew York, NY 10016, USAE-mail: KC-Summer-School yahoo, com1. You can most probably read the text in _.A. a newspaperB. a travel guideC. a textbookD. a telephone book2. Which of the following is true about King s College Summer
6、School?A. Only top students can take part in the program.B. Only the teachers of King s College give courses.C. King s College Summer School is run every other year.D. Visits to museums and culture centers are part of the program.3. If you are to live with your relatives in New York, you will have t
7、o pay the school _.A. $200B. $400C. $500D. $900【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一个英语培训工程国王学院暑期班的相关信息。【1题详解】文章出处题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“Kings College Summer School is a training program every year for high school students at all levels who want to improve their English.可知，本文介绍的是一个英语培训工程国王学院暑期班的相关信息，属于教育招生
8、范围，最有可能出现在报纸中，故A项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Trips to museums and culture centers are also organized.可知，国王学院暑期班包括参观博物馆和文化中心，故D项正确。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中Cost的介绍可知，因为是住在亲戚家里，应去掉宾馆费用$400，只需花课程费$200+活动费$100+旅行费$200=$500，故C项正确。BMy challenge for you is this： to read a book for 15minutes every single day for a month
9、Let me explain a bit， by telling you where the challenge came from I have many things in common with my dad， like music taste and sense of humor， but sadly reading isnt one of them I can happily spend a whole day with a book， but my dad cant read a book for longer than about 5 minutes He reads email
10、s， websites and papers for work， but not books Hes busy， so I think sitting down to read for just 15minutes a day is a good way to relax and to introduce him to readingMy dad is not the only person who avoids books I know lots of people would rather relax on their computers or in front of the TV Eve
11、ryone is different and has their own interests， but I think there are lots of benefits to reading， which screenbased activities dont haveFirstly， its better for your eyes Looking at screens can be very stressful for your eye muscles， and clearly you should avoid looking at screens for an hour before
12、 bed， to get a good nights sleepOne thing I personally love reading， is being transported to another worldI often forget the time or things around me! Reading is a great way to switch off before you go to bed， because you think more about the world of the book， rather than the real world， so you can
13、 truly relax I know you can be transported to a different world in a film or a TV show， but I think books do it betterI also enjoy hearing what people are doing and finding out what they think Reading gives me the chance to get to know hundreds of new people! It also teaches you to see things from o
14、ther peoples point of view， and understand other peoples decisions or opinions With a book， you can hear everything a character is thinking or feelingyou really can be inside someone elses head!So give it a go! Take 15 minutes when you are waking up， going to bed， eating lunch， or having a coffee If
15、 you read a lot， why not try 15 minutes of an English book， or pass the challenge on to someone else？ Good luck， and happy reading!4. The author mentions his father in the text to show A. his father is busyB. reading is importantC. his father likes readingD. many people have no habit of reading5. Th
16、e author writes the text mainly basing on A. his personal experienceB. some scientific experimentsC. his fathers personal adviceD. knowledge from books6. The underlined word it in Paragraph 5 refers to A. helping readers sleep wellB. making readers feel relaxedC. transporting readers to a different
17、worldD. reminding readers of the real world7. What is the authors attitude to reading？A. NegativeB. UncertainC. SupportiveD. Doubtful【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. C【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了我给你的挑战：一个月每天读15分钟的书。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段My dad is by no means the only person who avoids books I know lots of people would rather
18、 relax on their computers or in front of the TV可知，我父亲绝不是唯一一个不看书的人。我知道有很多人宁愿在电脑或电视机前放松，应选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段One thing I personally love reading， is being transported to another worldI would often forget the time or things around me! 可知，就我个人喜欢读书这件事来说，读书可以转换到另一个世界，我将忘记时间或周围的事情，可知这篇文章的根底是作者的亲身经历。应选A。【6题
19、详解】细节理解题。根据句意可知，我知道你可以在电影或电视节目中被带到一个不同的世界，但我认为书可以做得更好。所以此处是指读者被带到另一个世界。应选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，作者建议大家要每天读书，可见作者是支持大家阅读的。应选C。CHow Much Can We Afford to Forget?In 2022, Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students. Most said students should spend less time memorizin
20、g facts and have more space for creative activities. As the Internet grows more powerful, students can access获得knowledge easily. Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads?Civilizations文明develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. In the Agricultura
21、l农业的Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills. When societies industrialized, the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget. Nowadays, smart machines give us access to most human knowledge. It seems that we no longer need to remember most things. Does it matter?Researchers have recogniz
22、ed several problems that may happen. For one, human beings have biases 偏见, and smart machines are likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human be
23、ings still decide on the correct answers.Another problem relates to the case of accessing information. When there were no computers, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people, or go to the library. We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But t
24、oday, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along.In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence, we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored. But dependency on
25、a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily. The collapse of any of the networks of relations our well-being健康depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results. Without food we get hungry; without energy we feel cold. And it is through widespread loss of memory that c
26、ivilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age.We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills. As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks, and can be found when we need them, perhaps theyre not really forgotten. Still, as time goes on, we gradually
27、 but unquestionably become strangers to future people.8. Why are smart machines likely to increase our biases?A. Because they go off course in testing and scoring.B. Because we control the training process on them.C. Because we offer them too much information.D. Because they overuse the provided ans
28、wers.9. The case of accessing information from the Internet .A. frees us from making efforts to learn new skillsB. prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speedC. misleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledgeD. separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines10. The wo
29、rd “collapsein Paragraph 5 probably means“ .A. a sudden failureB. the basic ruleC. a disappointing startD. the gradual development11. What is the writers main purpose in writing this passage?A. To question about the standards of information storage.B. To discuss our problems of communication with ma
30、chines.C. To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability.D. To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember.【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要讲述了随着科技的开展，人们越来越依赖科技，科技给人们带来了方便，但也带来了许多的不利之处。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的关键“increase our biases文章第三段。根据本段最后“Many people believe sm
31、art machines are necessarily correct and objective, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.许多人相信智能机器一定是正确和客观的，但机器是经过反复测试和评分过程训练的。在反复测试和评分该过程当中，仍然是人类决定着这种训练的正确答案的，即由人类控制机器的训练过程。本句与选项B“我们控制这个训练过程相符合。故正确答
32、案为选项B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段But today，the Internet gives us the information we need quicklyThis can lead to the mistaken belief-the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along即但是今天，互联网迅速给了我们需要的信息。这可能导致错误的认为-我们发现的知识是我们一直以来所知道的知识的一局部可知，这会导致人们错误的认为自己已经知道了知识。本句与选项C 项“误导我们认为我们早已了解了这些知识相符合。应选C。【10题详解
33、】猜想词义题。根据题干中的关键信息“Paragraph 5定位到文章第五段第三句，根据“such as food and energy，would produce terrible resultsWithout food we get hungry；without energy we feel coldAnd it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age此句指的是“比方食物和能源，会产生可怕的结果。没有食物，我们会挨饿；没有能量，我们会感到寒冷正
34、是由于记忆的广泛丧失，文明有陷入黑暗时代的危险，可知上文讲的是我们健康依赖的任何东西的丧失或崩溃，会产生可怕的后果。可知collapse意思是坍塌、崩溃，与A项“突然的失败，意思相近。再结合该句动词produce产生的宾语“terrible results糟糕的结果。可知选项为消极的词汇；选项A译为“一次突然的失败；选项B译为“根本的规那么，为中性词汇；选项D译为“逐渐的开展，为积极的词汇；故排除选项B和 D。选项C译为“一个令人失望的开始，文章未提及“开始。综合可知，“collapse的意思与A项a sudden failure相近，应选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。文章通过第一段末尾提出提
35、问：为什么要求学生们在大脑中储存如此多的知识？引出了作者观点。文章第二至第六段段讲述人类需要记忆大量信息，人们用机器来记忆存储知识，但依赖机器去记忆存在风险，可知是告诉我们不要太依赖智能机器。选项A 译为“质疑信息储存的标准；选项B译为“讨论与机器交流存在的问题；选项C译为“强调提高记忆能力的重要性；均与文章内容不符。选项D译为“提醒我们依靠机器记忆的风险。分析选项可知D项符合题意，应选D。【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜想词义题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜想词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，
36、充分利用上下文各种信息并结合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。例如第3小题词意猜想题。根据题干中的关键信息“Paragraph 5定位到文章第五段第三句，根据“such as food and energy，would produce terrible resultsWithout food we get hungry；without energy we feel coldAnd it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age此句指的是“比方
37、食物和能源，会产生可怕的结果没有食物，我们会挨饿；没有能量，我们会感到寒冷正是由于记忆的广泛丧失，文明有陷入黑暗时代的危险，可知上文讲的是我们的健康依赖的任何关系网的崩溃，collapse意思是坍塌、崩溃，与A项“突然的失败，意思相近。再结合该句动词produce产生的宾语“terrible results糟糕的结果。可知选项为负向词汇；选项A译为“一次突然的失败；选项B译为“根本的规那么，为中性词汇；选项D译为“逐渐的开展，为正向词汇；故排除选项B和 D。选项C译为“一个令人失望的开始，文章未提及“开始。综合可知，“collapse的意思与A项相近，故 选A。DLocated at Euro
38、pes biggest water park, the Galaxy Erding in South Germany, the worlds first VR water slide takes the exciting experience to a whole new level by offering thrill-seekers the choice of three attractive worlds - Space, Sky, or Snow. By simply wearing a headset, riders can slide through a magical alien
39、 world, follow beautiful butterflies around floating islands or put themselves in a white winter wonderland. To make the experience even more heart-stopping, the 160-meter-long ride that lasts about 35 seconds has two uphill tracks that provide a roller-coaster-like experience.While the tire slide,
40、which has been successfully tested by almost 10,000 park goers since it opened in February 2022, is impressive, the technology behind it, developed by California startup Ballast is even more so. The specially-created waterproof headsets can be worn in water up to a few meters deep, without harming t
41、he delicate Samsung Galaxy S8 mobile devices that run the custom software for the VR experiences. The headsets also charge wirelessly (无线地), allowing park operators to swap out sets throughout the day.The biggest challenge the company faced, however, was providing a suitable VR experience for everyo
42、ne. Thats because unlike roller coasters, where the speed is fixed for all riders, water slide speeds vary depending on the weight of the person. To overcome the issue, Ballast fixed smart sensors (传感器) in important areas along the slide to keep track of the riders progress at all times. The informa
43、tion, conveyed through the headset, allows the custom software to adjust his or her location within the virtual world accordingly, making for a smooth, seasickness free ride for all.Though Ballast is thrilled at Space Gliders success, the company has bigger ambitions. They want to create an experien
44、ce where guests will be able to swim underwater surrounded by virtual dolphins, whales, and even sharks, without wearing the heavy headsets!12. What can people do if they go to the Galaxy Erding?A. They can swim with dolphins.B. They can explore the outer space.C. They can experience VR water slide.
45、D. They can swap out sets all day long.13. Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?A. The tire slide has been successfully tested so far.B. Water slide speed vary depending on the age of the person.C. Thrill-seekers take the exciting experience by wearing a headset.D. The specially-crea
46、ted waterproof headsets can be applied in water.14. What can help park goers experience a smooth, seasickness free ride?A. The painkillers.B. The fixed speed.C. A sensor fixed in important areas.D. Virtual dolphins, whales and sharks.15. What is the authors attitude towards the VR water slide?A. obj
47、ectiveB. subjectiveC. opposedD. indifferent【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了欧洲最大的水上公园Galaxy Erding提供的刺激的VR滑水体验。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the Galaxy Erding in South Germany, the worlds first VR water slide takes the exciting experience to a whole new level by offering thrill-seekers the choice o
48、f three attractive worlds可知，在Galaxy Erding可以体验VR滑水，故C项正确。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“water slide speeds vary depending on the weight of the person.可知，VR滑水的速度因人们的体重而异，而不是因年龄而异，故B项正确。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ballast fixed smart sensors (传感器) in important areas along the slidemaking for a smooth, seasickness free ride for all.可知，固定在重要区域的传感器能够帮助人们获得平稳、