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1、专题十六 定语从句教学目标1. 掌握定语从句的根本用法；2.准确完成定语从句的相关练习。定语从句专题考情分析中考中定语从句重点考查连接词确实定，其次是定语从句关系代词的用法区别以及定语从句与其他句式的转换等。自我测试1. (2022四川成都) The woman _ is singing on the TV show is our English teacher. A. Who B. which C. whose2. (2022四川巴中) Running Man is a very relaxing TV programme _ is still hot among the teenagers
2、. A. which B. what C. who 3. (2022湖南郴州) -Which invention do you like best ? A. what B. that C. who4. (2022河南) Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience _people cannot get at home. A. that B. who C. whom D. what 5. (2022湖北黄冈) -I really want to relax myself. Could we s
3、ee City Danger tonight? -Sure! The actor _a hero used to be a school teacher. I like him very much. A. who play B. which plays C. who plays D. that play6. (2022黑龙江大庆) Everyone was surprised at the photos _ were taken by Mr. Thomas in the deep sea.A. who B./ C. what D. which 7. (2022黑龙江龙东) To be a be
4、tter man is the best soap opera _ I have ever seen.A. that B. where C. who D. which8. All_isneededisasupplyofoil.A.thethingB.whatC.thatD.which9. (2022苏州一模) Ill never forget the people and things I saw on the Great Wall.A. that B. which C. who D. what10. I cant afford the flatwindows face to the sout
5、h, but I really like it.A. which B. that C. where D. whose11. (2022山西) The earth is the planet _ provides us with everything we need, fresh air, clean water and so on. Its our duty to protect it.A. who B. that C. where 12. AfterlivinginLondonforthirtyyears Mr.Smithreturnedtothesmalltown_hegrewupasac
6、hild. A. which B. where C. that D. when13. Dontforgettheday_youwereadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.A. whenB. thatC. atwhichD.where14. Ill never forget the days_ we spent together.A. whenB. thatC. atwhichD.where15. Thisisthereason_wemadeMrLiheadmasterofourschool.A.whereB.whenC.beforeD.why参考答案：AABAC DACAD
7、 BBABD教学建议：1. 如果学生自我测试中的1-10小题有错误，建议先带着学生回忆考点2关系代词考点复习局部。2. 如果学生自我测试中的11-15小题有错误，建议先带着学生回忆考点3、4关系副词考点复习局部。3. 通过自我测试局部的测验，可以简单了解学生对于定语从句的整体掌握情况，根据自己所带学生的学习程度，定语从句考点的复习可以有所删减或选择性的讲解。知识梳理教学建议：建议此局部采用提问形式进行，帮助学生建立起定语从句的知识框架。定语从句概念根本概念复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句就叫做定语从句三要素先行词被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词关系词引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词定语从句引导词关系词关系
8、代词指“人用that或who、whom指“物用that或which作定语用whose关系副词表时间用when 表地点用where表原因用why三个作用1. 引导定语从句2. 代替先行词3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分考点归纳：中考定语从句重点考查关系代词的选择，其次是定语从句的时态问题。考点归纳【考点1】根本概念一、什么是定语？句子中修饰名词或代词的成分叫做定语。定语可以由形容词，名词，不定式，分词，动名词或从句来充当，且定语往往翻译为“的。I met someone funny on my way to school. 名词作定语： She is anEnglish teacher. 不定式作
9、定语：I have a lot of workto do. 过去分词短语作定语：The bookwritten by Tom is very popular now. 现在分词作定语：We can see the rising sun.动名词作定语：He is in thereading room. 从句作定语：The boywho broke the window is Toms brother. 二、什么是定语从句？在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关
10、系副词两种。定语从句的结构、名称如以下图所示：The dictionarythat / whichmy sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.先行词关系词词定语从句关系词常有三个作用：1. 引导定语从句2. 代替先行词3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分【考点2】关系代词关系代词所代替的先行词是指人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。Tom is one of the boyswhoare from the USA. Tom是众多来自美国的男孩中的一个。Tom
11、 is the only boythatis from the USA. Tom是惟一从美国来的男孩。一、常见的关系代词关系代词先行词句中成分例句who人主语，宾语(作宾语时可省略)A teacher is a person who/that passes knowledge to students.He is the man( who/ whom/ that) I saw yesterday.whom人宾语(可省略)The woman (whom) you met in the street is Kate.whose人或物定语Please pass me the book whose co
12、ver is green.The man whose son is a doctor is our professor.which物主语，宾语 (作宾语时可省略)This is the room in which he lived last year.Football is a game which/that is liked by most boys.that人或物主语，宾语，表语 (作宾语时可省略)Is there anything (that) I can do for you?二、只用that不用which引导的定语从句用法例句1. 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时This is the m
13、ost beautiful mountain that I have seen.2. 先行词被序数词修饰时The first English novel that I read was Thirty-nine Steps.3. 先行词前有all, any, no, little, much, many, the only, the very, the last等修饰词时Here are all the books that I have.This is the only book that I like.4. 先行词是everything, something, anything, all,
14、none, much, little, many, few等不定代词时Finally, the thief handed in everything that he had stolen.5. 先行词同时含有“人和“物的名词时I can remember the people and some pictures that I saw in the room.6. 先行词是the one时，This is the one that you want.7. 在以who/ what/ which引导的疑问句后，为了防止重复Who is the girl that is standing there?
15、三、只用which不用that引导的定语从句用法例句1. 在介词后只用which，不能用thatThis is the bank in which the robbery happened.2. 先行词本身是that时，只能用which，不能用thatThe clock is that which tells the time.四、关系代词who，whom的用法关系词用法例句who指人，在从句中作主语This is the solider who saved the boys life.whom指物，在从句中作宾语，有时可用who代替【注】whom在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词置于whom之前时
16、，不能用who代替The man whom/ who I met yesterday is Jim.Do you remember the boy with whom I used to go out?例题1：将以下句子合并为定语从句。1) The boys are from Class One. The boys are playing football._2) I found the letter. The letter came yesterday._3) The man is my friend. You met the man just now_4) This is the pen.
17、 He bought the pen yesterday._5) I helped the man. The mans car was broken._例题2：(2022四川自贡 ) David is a fantastic singer _can play different kinds of music. A. which B. who C. whom 例题3：(2022湖南长沙) -What are you doing , Tim?-I am listening to the song Long Live_ makes me feel excitedA. which B. who C./
18、A. who B. what C. that 例题5：(2022山东滨州)-Which song do you like better, Maria ? -I prefer the song Mamial of Youth_ is sung by TFBoys.A. which B. who C. whom D. where例题6：(2022四川绵阳) I prefer movies _ me something to think about. A. which gives B. that gives C. that give D. who give例题7：(2022湖北鄂州) -Who wo
19、n the first prize in English speech contest?-The prize went to the girl _ speech was the most natural and fluent.A. thatB. whoC. whoseD. 不填例题8：(2022内蒙呼和浩特) Being blind is something _most people cant imagine. A.不填B. what C. who D. which 例题9：(2022黑龙江龙东) To be a better man isthe best soap opera _ I hav
20、e ever seen.A. that B. where C. who例题10：(2022湖北荆门) -Do you know Tu Youyou?-Yes, she is the first Chinese _won the Nobel Prize in science. A. who have B. that have C. which has D. who has 例题11：Thehousefellandhurtawomanandherdog_werejustpassingby.A.whichB.asC.thatD.who参考答案：1) The boys whothat are play
21、ing football are from Class One.2) I found The letter whichthat came yesterday.3) The man whomthat you met just now is my friend.4) This is the pen whichthat he bought yesterday.5) I helped the man whose car was broken.BACAC CAADC【考点3】关系副词关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“
22、介词which结构，因此常常和“介词which结构交替使用。关系副词用法例句when代替表示时间的名词，而且这个名词在从句中又与介词构成了短语，在从句中充当时间状语，常可用on which, in which, during which等代替We dont know the exact time when the English evening will be held.Do you know the date when Lincoln was murdered ?when代替表示地点的名词，而且这个名词在从句中又与介词构成了短语，在从句中充当地点状语，常用in which，on which，
23、to which等代替The place where were to have the Speech Contest has not been decided.He did all his research in the room where he lived.why代替表示原因的名词，而且这个名词在从句中又与介词构成了短语，在从句中充当原因状语，常可用for which代替He didnt tell her the reason why he was happy.Is this the reason why she refused our offer?例题1：将以下句子合并为定语从句。1)
24、I still remember the day. I first came to the school on the day._2) The house has been pulled down.I lived in the house ten years ago._3) The reason is not clear. He refused the invitation for the reason._例题2：OxfordAdvancedLearnersEnglish-Chinesedictionaryisveryhelpful.Thatsthereason_ourEnglishteach
25、eradvisesustobuyA.whichB.whyC.whereD.when例题3：Have you ever visited the factoryRed Flag cars are produced.A. in that B. that C. which D. where例题4：Yesterday Li Ming went to the village_ his family lived ten years ago.A. when B. which C. where D. that 参考答案：1.1) I still remember the day when I first cam
26、e to the school.2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3) The reason why he refused the invitation is not clear.BDD【考点4】关系代词与关系副词的辨析方法一：根据从句谓语动词用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。假设从句谓语动词为及物动词且及物动词后面无宾语，就必须用关系代词；假设从句谓语动词为不及物动词，那么要用关系副词。例1：This is the mountain village that/ which I visit
27、ed last year. 这就是去年我参观过的山村。例2：This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。例题： Ill never forget the days _ I worked together with you. Ill never forget the days_ I spent in the countryside.参考答案：when; that/which方法二：判断先行词在定语从句中的成分在从句中作主语who, that, 先行词是人在从句中作宾语whom, that, who,省略关系代
28、词在从句中作定语whose在从句中作主语which, that先行词是物在从句中作宾语which, that, 省略在从句中作定语whose关系副词在从句中作时间状语when先行词在从句中作地点状语 where在从句中作原因状语why例题1：I love the school I have studied for three yearsA. where B. when C. that例题2：The Palace Museum is the best place _ Ive ever visited.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what例题3：Its bad for he
29、alth to hurry to move into a house _ has new furniture in it. A. who B. where C. that例题4：People are talking about the old houses _ Jackie Chan bought in Anhui twenty years ago.A. which B. where C. who D. when参考答案：AACA根底演练一、将以下句子合并为定语从句。_2. Mr. Liu likes football very much. Im talking with Mr. Liu._3
30、. They could not get the job. They wanted the Job. _4. The factory is very dirty. The factory makes pencils._5. The man buys a pen. The pen writes well._6. The film is boring. I went to see the film last night._7. The book is well worth reading. The book is written by Tom._8. The hat is nice. The co
31、lor of the hat is red._9. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small village.He grew up in that small village. _10. He lived in London for 3 months. He picked up some English during those 3 months. _二、单项选择。A. which B. who C. whose 2. (2022四川达州) -Do you know the boy _ is sitting n
32、ext to Peter? -Yes. Hes Peters friend. They are celebrating his _ birthday. A. who, ninth B. that, nine C. which , ninth D. that, the ninth 3. (2022四川攀枝花) The woman _ is standing under the tree is my aunt. A. what B. which C. who D. where 4. (2022四川绵阳) I prefer movies _ me something to think about.
33、A. which gives B. that gives C. that give D. who give5. (2022湖北鄂州) Who won the first prize in English speech contest?The prize went to the girl _ speech was the most natural and fluent.A. thatB. whoC. whoseD. 不填6. (2022内蒙呼和浩特) Being blind is something _most people cant imagine. A.不填B. what C. who D.
34、 which 7. (2022黑龙江哈尔滨) -Shakespeare is a great writer _ is considered as a genius(天才.-I think so. Many people around the world admire him very much. A. when B. who C. which 8. (2022广西南宁) I dont like the people _dont help others when they are in trouble.A. who B. which C. whose D. what 9. (2022湖北黄冈)
35、-I really want to relax myself. Could we see City Danger tonight? -Sure! The actor _a hero used to be a schoolteacher. I like him very much. A. who play B. which plays C. who plays D. that play10. (2022湖南永州) The woman _is talking with my mother is our class teacher. A. which B. who C. whose 11. (202
36、2广西防城港、玉林、崇左) -What kind of show do you prefer ? -I like the ones _ make me laugh. A. who B. whom C. that D. what 12. (2022江苏淮安) Have you found the information about famous scientists _ you can use for the report? Not yet. Ill search some on the Internet.A. where B. which C. what D. who13. (2022福建漳州
37、) Happy Camp is an entertainment program _is very hot among the young people. A. who B./ C. which 14. (2022吉林长春) Mr. Chen is a teacher _ I want to learn from. He is so knowledgeable.A. whichB. whenC. whoD. what15. (2022福建厦门) -Id like to read some Chinese classics Any suggestions ? -Journey to the We
38、st. Its a book _ is about Monkey King. A. what B. who C. that 16. (2022吉林) -You look smart in the T-shirt _your daughter bought for you . -Thanks a lot. A. which B. who C. whom 17. (2022湖南张家界) I like music _ can touch the hearts of people. A. who B. that C. what 18. (2022湖北黄石) Xiandao Lake in Yangxin is the famous place _ well visit next week.A. that B. who C. where D. whom19. (2022新疆) Do you know the girl has got an A in the English exam?Yes. She is my clas