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1、高考英语阅读理解含答案解析实战演练3Bananas are one of the world s most important foodcrops. They are also one of the most valuable exports.Bananas do not grow from seeds. Instead, they grow fromexisting plants. Bananas are threatened by disease becauseall the plants on a farm are copies of each other. They allshare
2、the same genetic weaknesses. For example, theCavendish banana is most popular in North American andEuropean markets. However ， some kinds of fungusorganisms easily infect the Cavendish. Black Sigatokadisease affects the leaves of Cavendish banana plants. Thedisease is controlled on large farms by pu
3、tting chemicals onthe plant s leaves. Farmers put anti-fungal chemicals ontheir crops up to once a week.Another fungal disease is more serious. Panama diseaseattacks the roots of the banana plant. There is no chemicaltreatment for this disease. Infected plants must be destroyed.Panama disease has af
4、fected crops in Southeast Asia,Australia and South Africa. There is concern that it mayspread to bananas grown in the Americas. This couldthreaten an important export product for Central and SouthAmerica.The International Network for the Improvement ofBanana and Plantain supports research on bananas
5、. Thegroup has headquarters in France and other offices in themajor banana-growing areas of the world. The group saysthat more research must be done to develop improved kindsof bananas. The group says that fungal diseases mainlyaffect only one kind of banana. In fact, there are fivehundred different
6、 kinds of bananas. Food and AgricultureOrganization of the United Nations has said that theCavendish banana represents only 10% of world production.The UN. agency says farmers should grow differentkinds of bananas. This protects against diseases that affectonly one kind. Experts warn that disease ma
7、y cause theCavendish banana to disappear. This happened earlier toanother popular banana because of its genetic weaknessagainst disease.语篇解读语篇解读 香蕉由于遗传性的抗病弱点，在不久的将 香蕉由于遗传性的抗病弱点，在不久的将来有的品种可能会消失。文章列举了两种威胁来有的品种可能会消失。文章列举了两种威胁 Cavendish 香香蕉的真菌病，国际组织建议农民种植更多种类的香蕉。蕉的真菌病，国际组织建议农民种植更多种类的香蕉。1What does this p
8、assage mainly tell us?A. Bananas are the world s most important food crops.B. The risk to a popular banana shows need to growother kinds.C. There are five hundred different kinds of bananas.D. How to grow bananas in different countries.解析解析 主旨大意题。根据全文内容和结构判断，文章主 主旨大意题。根据全文内容和结构判断，文章主要介绍威胁要介绍威胁 Caven
9、dish 香蕉的真菌类疾病，进而显示出种植香蕉的真菌类疾病，进而显示出种植其他种类香蕉的必要性。故答案为其他种类香蕉的必要性。故答案为 B。答案答案 B2Bananas are threatened by disease because _.A. they grow from seedsB. they are one of the most valuable exportsC. the only way to prevent it is to put chemicals on theirleavesD. they have genetic weaknesses against disease解
10、析解析 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，香蕉易受病 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，香蕉易受病害威胁是因为其遗传上的抗病弱点。后文也有叙述。害威胁是因为其遗传上的抗病弱点。后文也有叙述。答案答案 D3Panama disease_.A. doesnt belong to fungal diseaseB. affects the leaves of banana plantsC. destroys bananas more seriously than Black SigatokadiseaseD. has spread to bananas all over the world解析解析 细节判
11、断题。根据第二段前两句可知 细节判断题。根据第二段前两句可知 A项错误；项错误；根据第二段第二句可知这种疾病威胁香蕉作物的根部，根据第二段第二句可知这种疾病威胁香蕉作物的根部，B 项项错误；根据第二段后三句可知，这种香蕉疾病已影响到东错误；根据第二段后三句可知，这种香蕉疾病已影响到东南亚、 澳大利亚和南非，有可能传播到美洲，南亚、 澳大利亚和南非，有可能传播到美洲，D项错误。 由文项错误。 由文章前两段分别对两种真菌病的描述可知，章前两段分别对两种真菌病的描述可知，C项正确。项正确。答案答案 C4We can infer from Paragraph 3 that _.A. the cente
12、r of the group is in the USB. the Cavendish banana covers only a small part of theyield of bananasC. the key to solving the disease is to research all kinds ofbananasD. each fungal disease affects five hundred differentkinds of bananas解析解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中“ 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The group hasheadquarters in Fran
13、ce”可知其中心位于法国，可知其中心位于法国，A 项错误；项错误；根据第三段第三句可知，应对这种疾病的办法是培育改良根据第三段第三句可知，应对这种疾病的办法是培育改良品种，而不是调查所有的品种，品种，而不是调查所有的品种，C 项错误；根据第三段第四项错误；根据第三段第四句可知句可知 D项错误。由第三段最后一句可判断项错误。由第三段最后一句可判断 B 项正确。项正确。答案答案 B5According to the passage, which information is right?A. The Cavendish banana can mainly be imported fromNorth
14、 America and Europe.B. Panama disease affects the leaves of Cavendish bananaplants.C. The Cavendish banana wont die out in the future.D. The Cavendish banana makes up only one tenth ofworld production.解析解析 细节认定题。根据第一段中“ 细节认定题。根据第一段中“the Cavendishbanana is most popular in North American and Europeanm
15、arkets”可知这种香蕉在北美和欧洲市场最受欢迎，而不可知这种香蕉在北美和欧洲市场最受欢迎，而不是从这两个地区进口，是从这两个地区进口，A 项错误；根据第二段第二句可知项错误；根据第二段第二句可知 B项错误；根据文章最后一段第三句可知项错误；根据文章最后一段第三句可知 C 项错误；根据第项错误；根据第三段最后一句可以判断三段最后一句可以判断 D 项正确。项正确。答案答案 D长难句解读长难句解读 This happened earlier to another popularbanana because of its genetic weakness against disease.由于由于天
16、生的抗病弱点，另一种受欢迎的香蕉早些时候灭绝了天生的抗病弱点，另一种受欢迎的香蕉早些时候灭绝了 。because of 引导原因状语。注意引导原因状语。注意 this 指代的是上一句所说的指代的是上一句所说的情况。情况。“Can I see my baby？” ？” the happy new motherasked. When the bundle was in her arms and she moved thefold of cloth to look upon his tiny face, she gasped. Thedoctor turned quickly and looked
17、out of the tall hospitalwindow. The baby had been born without ears.Time proved that the baby s hearing was perfect. It wasonly his appearance that was imperfect. When he rushedhome from school one day and threw himself into hismothers arms, she sighed, knowing that his life was to bemisfortunate. H
18、e cried out the tragedy, “A boy, a big boy.called me a freak (怪人怪人)”He grew up, handsome. A favourite with his fellowstudents, he might have been class president, but for that. Hedeveloped a gift, a talent for literature and music. “But youmight communicate with other young people ， ” ， ” hismother
19、blamed him, but felt a kindness in her heart.Two years went by. One day, his father said to the son,“You re going to the hospital, son. Mother and I havesomeone who will donate the ears you need. But it s asecret.” The operation was a brilliant success, and a newperson emerged.Later he married and e
20、ntered the diplomatic service. Oneday, he asked his father, “Who gave me the ears? Who gaveme so much? I could never do enough for him or her.” “I donot believe you could ， ” ， ” said the father, “but theagreement was that you are not to know. not yet.”The years kept their secret, but the day did co
21、me. Hestood with his father over his mother s casket. Slowly,tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised thethick, reddish brown hair to reveal the mother had no outerears.“ Mother said she was glad she never let her hair becut ， ” ， ” his father whispered gently, “and nobody everthought
22、Mother less beautiful, did they？”？”语篇解读语篇解读 本文讲述了一个感人的故事。儿子天生没有 本文讲述了一个感人的故事。儿子天生没有耳朵，母亲将自己的耳朵捐献给了儿子。母亲去世后，父亲耳朵，母亲将自己的耳朵捐献给了儿子。母亲去世后，父亲才将这个秘密告诉儿子。才将这个秘密告诉儿子。1 Why did Mother gasp when she saw her newbornbaby?A. Because her son had a tiny face.B. Because she saw her son crying.C. Because her son was
23、born imperfect.D. Because her son was in her arms.解析解析 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话“ 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话“The babyhad been born without ears.”可知答案。可知答案。答案答案 C2Which word can describe Mother s feeling when theson threw himself into her arms?A. Nervous. B. Sympathetic.C. Proud. D. Angry.解析解析 细节理解题。由第二段的“ 细节理解题。由第二段的“Wh
24、en he rushedhome from school one day and threw himself into hismothers arms，she sighed，knowing that his life was to bemisfortunate.”可知答案。可知答案。答案答案 B3Who gave the son the ears?A. A doctor. B. His father.C. His mother. D. A stranger.解析解析 细节理解题。从文章最后可知是母亲献出了自己 细节理解题。从文章最后可知是母亲献出了自己的耳朵。的耳朵。答案答案 C4 The u
25、nderlined word “reveal” in the last but oneparagraph means “_”A. see B. showC. find D. search解析解析 词义推测题。父亲拨开母亲的头发，揭示了母亲 词义推测题。父亲拨开母亲的头发，揭示了母亲将自己的耳朵捐给儿子的真相，因此，此处将自己的耳朵捐给儿子的真相，因此，此处 reveal 是“显是“显示”的意思。示”的意思。答案答案 B5The best title for the passage would be _.A. Mothers hairB. An unforgettable memoryC. Wh
26、o gave me the ears?D. Who is my best respectable person?解析解析 标题归纳题。是谁给了我耳朵？这是贯穿文章的 标题归纳题。是谁给了我耳朵？这是贯穿文章的线索。故选线索。故选 C。答案答案 C长难句解读长难句解读 When he rushed home from school oneday and threw himself into his mothers arms ， shesighed，knowing that his life was to be misfortunate. Whenhe.arms 是 一 个 时 间 状 语 从 句
27、 ， 主 句 是是 一 个 时 间 状 语 从 句 ， 主 句 是 shesighed，knowing 是现在分词作状语，表示原因，后面又跟是现在分词作状语，表示原因，后面又跟了一个宾语从句，不定式短语了一个宾语从句，不定式短语 to be misfortunate 作表语，作表语，表示他的人生注定不幸。表示他的人生注定不幸。When times get tough, we all look for ways to cutback. When were hungry, we eat at home instead of goingout. We take buses instead of ta
28、xis. And we wear our olddesigner jeans just a few months longer. With collegeexpenses at all-time highs, high school students are eager todo anything to cut the cost of a university education.One cost-cutting proposal is to allow college students toget a bachelor s degree in three years instead of f
29、our.Educational institutions have been actively exploring waysto make the learning process more efficient. But theres aquestion: Would the quality of undergraduate( 本 科本 科生生 )education suffer? Few US universities have formallyapproved a “three-year degree” model.I doubt that mainstream North America
30、n colleges willcarry out a three-year curriculum(课程课程) any time soon. Forone thing, most universities already allow highly qualifiedstudents to graduate early by testing out of certain classesand obtaining a number of college credits(学分学分). In addition,at famous universities, the committee who deter
31、mine whichcourses are required and which courses are electives areunlikely to suddenly “throw out” one quarter of the requiredcredits. Professors will resist “diluting(稀释稀释)” the quality ofthe education they offer.In my opinion, a quality four-year education is alwayssuperior to a quality three-year
32、 education. A collegeeducation requires sufficient time for a student to becomeskilled in their major and do coursework in fields outsidetheir major. It is not a good idea to water down education,any more than it s not a good idea to water down medicine.If we want to help students find their way thr
33、oughuniversity, we should help them understand early on whatknowledge and skills they need to have upon graduation. Weshould allow students to test out of as many courses aspossible. We should give them a chance to earn money asinterns(实习生实习生)in meaningful part-time jobs that relate totheir universi
34、ty studies, such as the five-year co-op programat Northeastern University.语篇解读语篇解读 本文为议论文。作者认为把大学四年的学制 本文为议论文。作者认为把大学四年的学制缩短为三年不是一个好主意，保证足够的时间才能保证大缩短为三年不是一个好主意，保证足够的时间才能保证大学教育的质量。学教育的质量。1Which of the following can be the best title?A. It s time to shorten the learning processB. Best learning takes p
35、lace over timeC. University education should be watered downD. College education calls for reform解析解析 主旨大意题。作者认为把大学四年的学制缩短为 主旨大意题。作者认为把大学四年的学制缩短为三年不是一个好主意，学好大学功课是需要付出时间的，三年不是一个好主意，学好大学功课是需要付出时间的，故故 B 项最佳。项最佳。答案答案 B2We can learn from the passage that _.A. most American universities are against the “t
36、hree-yeardegree” modelB. many famous US universities are considering adoptingthe “three-year degree” modelC. professors are willing to accept the “three-yeardegree” modelD. The “three-year degree” model can make collegelearning more efficient 解 析解 析 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 中 的 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 中
37、的 Few USuniversities have formally approved a “three-year degree”model 可知几乎没有几所美国大学认可“三年本科学位”模可知几乎没有几所美国大学认可“三年本科学位”模式。式。答案答案 A3In most US universities，_.A. college students are offered the co-op programB. electives credits make up one quarter of the requiredcreditsC. all students are required to fi
38、nish four-year educationbefore graduationD. some excellent students can graduate ahead of time解析解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 most universitiesalready allow highly qualified students to graduate early 可可知特别优秀的大学生可以提前毕业。知特别优秀的大学生可以提前毕业。答案答案 D4We can infer that_.A. the author is a college professorB.
39、 the author thinks the cost of a university education istoo high for people to affordC. the author considers the university education qualityvery importantD. the author pays special attention to the all-rounddevelopment of college students解析解析 推理判断题。在第四段作者给出了自己的观点， 推理判断题。在第四段作者给出了自己的观点，从 “从 “ A coll
40、ege education requires sufficient time for astudent to become skilled in their major.”“It is not a goodidea to water down education”等处可以看出作者非常看重等处可以看出作者非常看重大学教育质量。大学教育质量。答案答案 C5The first paragraph serves as a(n)_A. explanation B. definitionC. introduction D. comment解析解析 篇章结构题。本题要求学生推断文章的结构。根 篇章结构题。本
41、题要求学生推断文章的结构。根据第一段的内容可知第一段是用来引入话题的，故据第一段的内容可知第一段是用来引入话题的，故 C 项最项最佳。佳。答案答案 CI once had my Chinese MBA students brainstormingon “two-hour business plans”. I separated them into sixgroups and gave them an example: a restaurant chain. Themore original their idea, the better, I said. Finally, five of the
42、six groups presented plans for restaurant chains. The sixthproposed a catering(餐饮餐饮) service. Though I admitted thetime limit had been difficult, I expressed my disappointment.My students were middle managers, financial analystsand financiers from state-owned enterprises and globalcompanies. They we
43、re not without talent or opinions, butthey had been shaped by an educational system that rarelystressed or rewarded critical thinking or inventiveness. Thescene I just described came in different forms during my twoyears teaching at the school. Papers were often copied fromthe Web and the Harvard Bu
44、siness Review. Case studydebates were written up and just memorized. Studentsfrequently said that copying is a superior business strategy,better than inventing and creating.In China，every product you can imagine has been madeand sold. But so few well-developed marketing andmanagement minds have been
45、 raised that it will be a longtime before most people in the world can name a Chinesebrand.With this problem in mind, partnerships with institutionslike Yale and MIT have been established. And then theresthe “thousand talent scheme” ： ： this new governmentprogram is intended to improve technological
46、 modernizationby attracting top foreign trained scientists to the mainlandwith big money. But there are worries about Chinasresearch environment. Its hardly known for producingindependent thinking and openness, and even big salaryoffers may not be attractive enough to overcome this.At last, for Chin
47、a, becoming a major world creator is notjust about setting up partnerships with top Westernuniversities. Nor is it about gathering a group of well-educated people and telling them to think creatively. Itsabout establishing a rich learning environment for youngminds. Its not that simple.1. Why does t
48、he author feel disappointed at his students?A. Because there is one group presenting a cateringservice.B. Because the six groups made projects for restaurantchains.C. Because all the students copied a case for the difficulttopic.D. Because the students ideas were lacking increativeness.解析解析 考查推理判断能力。根据第一段整体的信息作出 考查推理判断能力。根据第一段整体的信息作出判断和推理。判断和推理。答案答案 D2. Which of the following scenes is NOT considered aslack of creation?A. Papers were often downloaded from the Internet.B. Students often