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1、八年级上册 Units 131. two (num. )_ (adv. )两次两次2. health (n. ) _(adj. ) 健康的健康的 _(反义词反义词)不健康的不健康的3. different (adj. )_ (n. )不同；差异；区别不同；差异；区别 _ (反义词反义词)相同的相同的4. foot (n. )_ (pl. )脚；足脚；足twicehealthyunhealthydifferencesamefeet5. tooth (n. )_ (pl. )牙齿牙齿6. ill (adj. )_ (n. )疾病；身体不适疾病；身体不适 _ (同义词同义词)(身体身体)不舒服的不舒
2、服的7. west(n. )_ (adj. )西方的；来自西方的西方的；来自西方的8. important(adj. )_ (n. )重要性重要性9. famous(adj. )_ (同义词同义词)著名的著名的10. nature(n. ) _ (adj. )自然的自然的teethillnesssickwesternimportancewell-knownnatural【品词自测【品词自测】根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空If you want to be in good _, you should eat more _ food. (health)Therere
3、many _ between Britain English and American English. (different)How many _ does the monster have? (foot)Safety is of first _. (important)答案：答案：health; healthy differences feetimportance1. 多久一次多久一次how _2. 至于；关于至于；关于as _3. 每周两次每周两次_ a week4. 对对有益有益be good _5. 和和一样一样the same _6. a lot of_7. have a cold
4、_oftenfortwiceforas大量的；许多大量的；许多受凉；感冒受凉；感冒8. (be) stressed out_9. at the moment_10. get back_有压力的；紧张的有压力的；紧张的此时；现在此时；现在回来回来1. 你多久锻炼一次？你多久锻炼一次？_ _ do you exercise? 2. 怎么了？怎么了？我感觉不舒服。我感觉不舒服。_ _ _? Im not feeling well. How oftenWhats the matter3. 拥有健康的生活方式很容易，吃营养均衡的食物很重要。拥有健康的生活方式很容易，吃营养均衡的食物很重要。_ _ _ _
5、 a healthy lifestyle, and _ _ _ _ abalanced diet. 4. 我希望我能忘记所有的问题！我希望我能忘记所有的问题！_ _ I can forget all my problems! 5. 听说听说(那件事那件事)我很难过我很难过(同情同情)。_ _ _ _ _. 6. 这次我想做点不同的事。这次我想做点不同的事。This time I want to do _ _. Its easy to haveits important to eatI hopeIm sorry to hear thatsomething different1. 频度副词频度副词
6、【见【见P148】2. 情态动词情态动词should的用法的用法【见【见P150】3. 现在进行时表示将来现在进行时表示将来【见【见P156】1. hardly adv. 几乎不；几乎没有几乎不；几乎没有I hardly ever exercise. 我几乎很少锻炼。我几乎很少锻炼。刚才我几乎听不清她说什么。刚才我几乎听不清她说什么。I _ _ hear what she said just now. Tom can hardly speak Chinese, _? A. can he B. cant heC. does he D. doesnt he【自主归纳【自主归纳】hardly的用法的
7、用法(1)hardly作为频度副词，表示作为频度副词，表示_(肯定肯定/否定否定)意义意义, 用在助动用在助动词、情态动词之后及实义动词之前。词、情态动词之后及实义动词之前。(2)在含有在含有hardly的反意疑问句中，疑问部分要用的反意疑问句中，疑问部分要用_(肯定肯定/否否定定)形式。形式。否定否定肯定肯定【判断抢答【判断抢答】判断下面句子翻译正误判断下面句子翻译正误鲍勃平时几乎不锻炼，是不是？鲍勃平时几乎不锻炼，是不是？Bob hardly ever exercises, doesnt he? ( )Bob hardly ever exercises, does he? ( )答案：答案
8、：could hardly A2. try v. 试图；设法；努力试图；设法；努力 n. 尝试；试验尝试；试验I try to eat a lot of vegetables. 我尽量吃很多的蔬菜。我尽量吃很多的蔬菜。You can try _ early in the morning and do morning exercises every day. A. get up B. to get upC. not to get up D. getting up The work is too hard for us. No matter how hard it is, Ill have a _
9、. A. think B. do C. try D. play【自主归纳【自主归纳】to do 答案：答案：B Ctrytry构成的其他搭配还有：构成的其他搭配还有：try on “试穿试穿”have a try “尝试尝试”，try作名词作名词try_ (to do/doing) sth.意意为为“尽力、设法干某事尽力、设法干某事”，强，强调付出一定的努力。调付出一定的努力。try doing sth. 意为意为“尝试做尝试做某事某事”，但不一定付出很大努力。，但不一定付出很大努力。3. although conj. 虽然；即使；纵然虽然；即使；纵然Maybe Im not very hea
10、lthy, although I have one healthy habit. 也许我不太健康，尽管我有一个健康的饮食习惯。也许我不太健康，尽管我有一个健康的饮食习惯。_ Mr. Green is strict with his students, _ they love him. A. Because；so B. Though；but C. Although；/ D. If；and You shouldnt stay up too late, _ computer games are fun to play. A. and B. becauseC. unless D. though【自主归
11、纳【自主归纳】although的用法的用法(1)although=though，意为，意为“虽然；即使；纵然虽然；即使；纵然”，可以引导让，可以引导让步状语从句。步状语从句。(2)although不能和不能和_用在同一个句子中，但可以和用在同一个句子中，但可以和yet用在同用在同一个句子中。一个句子中。but【动脑想一想【动脑想一想】除了除了although/though 和和but这样的这样的“冤家冤家”连连词之外，还有和它们类似也不能用于同一句中的单词。它们是词之外，还有和它们类似也不能用于同一句中的单词。它们是because和和so。答案：答案：C D4. keep v. 保持；使保持某
12、种状态保持；使保持某种状态A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health. 大量的蔬菜有助于你保持健康。大量的蔬菜有助于你保持健康。I exercise every day to keep _(health). (2011乐山中考乐山中考)With the help of computers, people will find it easier to keep the traffic _ smoothly. A. to run B. run C. runningHow long did you _ the library book? F
13、or two weeks. A. keep B. borrowC. lend D. buy【自主归纳【自主归纳】keep的用法的用法(1)keep+(sb. /sth. )+形容词或介词短语形容词或介词短语, 可表示可表示“让让(某人某人/物物)保保持某种状态持某种状态”；(2)keep (sb. /sth. ) _(do/doing)sth. 意为意为“(让某人让某人/物物)不断做不断做某事某事”；keep (sb. /sth. )from doing sth. 意为意为“阻止、防止阻止、防止(某人某人/物物)做某事做某事”；(3)keep可替代可替代borrow, 表示延续意义，可以与一段
14、时间连用。表示延续意义，可以与一段时间连用。答案：答案：healthy C A doing5. until conj. & prep. 直到直到之时；在之时；在之前之前I study late every night, sometimes until 2 am. 我每晚学习到很晚，有时到凌晨两点。我每晚学习到很晚，有时到凌晨两点。I wont give up trying _ I succeed. A. if B. until C. when D. afterTom went to bed after he finished his homework. (改为同义句改为同义句)Tom _ go
15、 to bed _ he finished his homework. 【自主归纳【自主归纳】 until的用法的用法(1)until=till，后面可以接时间，后面可以接时间(短语短语)或从句。或从句。(2)not. . . until. . . 意为意为“直到直到才才”。(3)当当until引导时间状语从句时，从句中常用一般现在时代替一引导时间状语从句时，从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。【判断抢答【判断抢答】判断下面句子翻译正误判断下面句子翻译正误直到雨停了，他们才回家。直到雨停了，他们才回家。They went hom
16、e until it stopped raining. ( )They didnt go home until it stopped raining. ( )答案：答案：B didnt; until 6. how often 多久一次多久一次How often do you exercise? 你多久锻炼一次？你多久锻炼一次？I wonder _ youll water this kind of tree. Once a week. A. how often B. how longC. how far D. how much_ have you lived in China？Since 201
17、1. A. How long B. How muchC. How often D. How soon答案：答案：A Ahow _“多久一次多久一次”，对动作发生的频率进行提问，对动作发生的频率进行提问how _“多长时间多长时间”，对介词，对介词for或或since引导的时间状引导的时间状语进行提问语进行提问how _“多久才多久才”，一般用于将来时，对介词，一般用于将来时，对介词in引引导的时间状语进行提问导的时间状语进行提问how much“多少；多少钱多少；多少钱”，用于提问不可数名词的数，用于提问不可数名词的数量或商品的价格量或商品的价格how far“多远多远”，对事物间的距离进行提
18、问，对事物间的距离进行提问oftenlongsoon【自主归纳【自主归纳】7. be good for对对有益有益She says its good for my health. 她说这对我的健康有益。她说这对我的健康有益。My father is good _ sports, and he often says that playing sports a lot is good _ our health. A. at; for B. with; atC. for; with D. on; toMike is good at running. (改为同义句改为同义句)Mike _ _ in r
19、unning. What is your cousin good at? Shes good at _(play) the violin.【自主归纳【自主归纳】be good at/be good with/be good for的用法辨析的用法辨析be good _擅长；在擅长；在方面做得好方面做得好(=do well in)be good _有益于，反义短语有益于，反义短语be bad for(对对有害有害)be good with与与相处得好；善于应付相处得好；善于应付的的atfor答案：答案：A does well playing8. Whats the matter? 怎么了？怎么了
20、？Im not feeling well. 我觉得不舒服。我觉得不舒服。你怎么了，汤姆？你怎么了，汤姆？Whats _ _ _ you, Tom? Mother asks my sister _ with her. A. what is wrong B. what wrong is C. what the matter is D. what the matter 【自主归纳【自主归纳】不一样的不一样的“怎么了？怎么了？”(1)Whats the matter(with you)? =Whats _ (with you)? =Whats the trouble(with you)? =Whats
21、 your trouble? (2)当当whats wrong/the matter作宾语从句时，其语序不变，而作宾语从句时，其语序不变，而whats the trouble作宾语从句时，语序要改为陈述语序。作宾语从句时，语序要改为陈述语序。答案：答案：the matter with A wrong9. Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle, and its important to eat a balanced diet. 拥有健康的生活方式很容易，吃营养均衡的食物很重要。拥有健康的生活方式很容易，吃营养均衡的食物很重要。Its interesting _
22、(play) games with our teachers. Most students think _ is important to learn math well. A. it B. they C. this D. that【自主归纳【自主归纳】it作形式主语时常用于两种句式结构：作形式主语时常用于两种句式结构：It is+adj. +of sb. +to do sth. 形容词描述行为者的性格、品质，形容词描述行为者的性格、品质，如如kind，friendly，nice，right，clever，polite， careless， cute等等It is+adj.+for sb. +
23、to do sth. 形容词描述事物的特征、性质，如形容词描述事物的特征、性质，如easy，difficult，interesting，funny，dangerous，important，impossible，useful等等【一言巧辨异【一言巧辨异】Its interesting for us to play games here in the park, but I think its impolite of us to make so much noise. 我们在公园里做游戏是很有趣，但我觉得我们这么吵闹是不礼我们在公园里做游戏是很有趣，但我觉得我们这么吵闹是不礼貌的。貌的。答案：答案
24、：to play A. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词1. (2012宁波中考宁波中考)Tom and Jerry r_ their bikes to Uncle Mas farm twice a month. 2. (2012无锡中考无锡中考)Audery Hepburn was _(活跃的活跃的)in the film industry for nearly 40 years. 答案：答案：1. ride 2. active3. (2012黄冈中考黄冈中考)The young man found it difficult to have dinner
25、because some of his _(牙齿牙齿) had been pulled out. 4. (2011南充中考南充中考)He spends more than an hour _ (锻炼锻炼) every day. 5. (2011苏州中考苏州中考)We visit the home for the elderly _(一一次次)a month. 答案：答案：3. teeth 4. exercising 5. once . 单项选择单项选择1. (2012济南中考济南中考)How often do the students play sports? _. A. Twice a da
26、y B. Since last nightC. For two hours D. A month ago【解析【解析】选选A。考查交际用语。由题中问句。考查交际用语。由题中问句“How often do the students play sports? ”可知，此处提问动作发生的频率，故选可知，此处提问动作发生的频率，故选Twice a day“一天两次一天两次”。2. (2012重庆中考重庆中考)Helen was so excited at the news that she could _ say a word. A. ever B. almost C. hardly D. alway
27、s【解析【解析】选选C。考查副词的用法。考查副词的用法。ever“曾经曾经”，almost“几几乎乎”，hardly“几乎不几乎不”，always“总是总是”。句意：。句意：Helen得知这得知这个消息太激动了以至于几乎说不出话来。故选个消息太激动了以至于几乎说不出话来。故选C。3. (2012福州中考福州中考)Mrs Brown is nice. Every day she tried to cook _ for me during my stay in Canada. A. something different B. anything differentC. nothing differ
28、ent【解析【解析】选选A。考查不定代词的用法。考查不定代词的用法。something一般用于肯定一般用于肯定句，句，anything一般用于否定句。当形容词修饰不定代词时需后一般用于否定句。当形容词修饰不定代词时需后置。句意：布朗夫人很好，我待在加拿大期间她尽量每天给我置。句意：布朗夫人很好，我待在加拿大期间她尽量每天给我做不同的饭。故选做不同的饭。故选A。4. (2012重庆中考重庆中考)I didnt believe he could drive _ he told me. A. once B. while C. since D. until【解析【解析】选选D。考查连词的用法。考查连词
29、的用法。not. . . until. . . 意为意为“直直到到才才”。句意：直到他告诉我我才相信他会开车。句意：直到他告诉我我才相信他会开车。【归纳总结【归纳总结】 辨析辨析maybe/may be(1)maybe是副词，是副词，“或许；大概或许；大概”，表示推测，通常用于句首，表示推测，通常用于句首，在句中作状语。例如：在句中作状语。例如：Maybe he is waiting for you now. 或许他现在正在等你。或许他现在正在等你。(2)may be是情态动词是情态动词may后加动词原形后加动词原形be, “或许是；可能是或许是；可能是”，也用来表示推测，在句中作谓语。例如：
30、也用来表示推测，在句中作谓语。例如：Where is my ruler? 我的尺子在哪儿？我的尺子在哪儿？It may be on the desk. 它可能在桌子上。它可能在桌子上。5. (2011雅安中考雅安中考)Wheres our math teacher? I dont know._ hes gone home. A. May B. MaybeC. May be D. Maybe is【解析【解析】选选B。句首表示推测。句首表示推测“可能；也许可能；也许”用用maybe。6. (2011河北中考河北中考)Wed better wait _ more minutes. I think
31、Jeff will come soon. A. a few B. fewC. a little D. little【解析【解析】选选A。minutes“分钟分钟”，是可数名词的复数形式；由，是可数名词的复数形式；由后一句后一句“I think Jeff will come soon(我认为杰夫很快就会来我认为杰夫很快就会来)”可推知最好再等几分钟。可推知最好再等几分钟。7. (2011贵阳中考贵阳中考)Whats the matter with Tina? _. A. She is awayB. She is coolC. She has a sore throatD. She should
32、take some medicine【解析【解析】选选C。 考查交际用语。根据问句考查交际用语。根据问句“蒂娜怎么了？蒂娜怎么了？”判判断选择断选择“她喉咙痛她喉咙痛”。8. (2011阜康中考阜康中考)We can go to Jinan Railway Station by bus. Why not _ there for a change? A. try walking B. trying to walk C. to try and walk D. to try walking【解析【解析】选选A。Why not do. . . ? “为什么不做为什么不做呢？呢？”是固是固定句式。由定句
33、式。由change“变化变化”可知尝试改变，看看结果如何。可知尝试改变，看看结果如何。9. (2011温州中考温州中考) Im going to Hainan on vacation next week. _. A. Have a good time B. Not at all C. Thank you D. I have no idea【解析【解析】选选A。对方要远行时，常用。对方要远行时，常用Have a good time. /Have fun. /Enjoy yourself. 等句子表示祝愿。等句子表示祝愿。10. (2011邵阳中考邵阳中考)My grandfather was i
34、ll in hospital last week. _. A. I dont think so B. Im sorry to hear thatC. Thats a good idea【解析【解析】选选B。考查交际用语。由。考查交际用语。由“My grandfather was ill in hospital last week. ”可知，爷爷上周生病住院了。在英语中当可知，爷爷上周生病住院了。在英语中当听到他人生病等不好的消息时，要表示同情。故选听到他人生病等不好的消息时，要表示同情。故选B项。项。. 完成句子完成句子1. (2012潍坊中考潍坊中考)我们不知道如何照顾自己。我们不知道如何照
35、顾自己。(look after)_2. (2012兰州中考兰州中考)平衡的饮食能使你保持健康。平衡的饮食能使你保持健康。Eating a balanced diet can make you _ _. 答案：答案：1. We dont know how to look after ourselves2. keep/stay healthy3. (2012随州中考随州中考)昨天早晨李明八点才起床。昨天早晨李明八点才起床。Li Ming _ get up _ eight oclock yesterday morning. 4. (2011成都中考成都中考) 安迪曾抱怨说他和别人同样工作，但报酬却安
36、迪曾抱怨说他和别人同样工作，但报酬却不一样。不一样。 (the same as; pay)_答案：答案：3. didnt; until4. Andy complained that he did the same job as others but was paid differently. 5. (2011威海中考威海中考) 我有一些有趣的事情要告诉你。我有一些有趣的事情要告诉你。_6. (2011宜宾中考宜宾中考)吃得太多对健康有害。吃得太多对健康有害。_ too much is bad _ your health. 答案：答案：5. I have something interestin
37、g to tell you. /I have something that is interesting to tell you. 6. Eating; for 调查报告是近几年中考书面表达的新型题目，其中多以初调查报告是近几年中考书面表达的新型题目，其中多以初中生身边的事物为调查内容。在写作此类话题作文过程中可以中生身边的事物为调查内容。在写作此类话题作文过程中可以在原有提示内容的基础上结合身边现实情况加以佐证补充。在原有提示内容的基础上结合身边现实情况加以佐证补充。【典题示例【典题示例】(2011福州中考福州中考) 目前中学生早餐问题已经引起社会关注，你所在学校的学目前中学生早餐问题已经引
38、起社会关注，你所在学校的学生会在生会在5月月20日日“全国学生营养日全国学生营养日”开展问卷调查，其结果令开展问卷调查，其结果令人担忧。请你根据调查结果写一篇短文，倡导营养早餐。人担忧。请你根据调查结果写一篇短文，倡导营养早餐。提示词：提示词：regularly, active, junk food(垃圾食品垃圾食品), a balanced diet, as a result学生比例学生比例早餐情况早餐情况健康状况健康状况55%有规律地吃早餐有规律地吃早餐身体健康，精力充沛身体健康，精力充沛25%吃垃圾食品吃垃圾食品营养不均衡营养不均衡20%没有吃早餐没有吃早餐感到饥饿，上课无法认真听讲，感
39、到饥饿，上课无法认真听讲，容易生病容易生病要求：要求： 1. 所写内容必须包括表格中所提供的信息，并发表自己的所写内容必须包括表格中所提供的信息，并发表自己的看法。看法。 2. 所给的提示词必须全部用上，可适当发挥。所给的提示词必须全部用上，可适当发挥。 3. 词数词数80左右。文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数。左右。文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数。Breakfast Is Important Breakfast is important. But not all the students have realized its importance. Heres the result of our
40、 survey. About 55 percent of the students _【审题谋篇【审题谋篇】 1. 本篇要求写调查报告，应为说明文体，主要考查学生对本篇要求写调查报告，应为说明文体，主要考查学生对所提供信息的综合理解和语言的变化运用能力。所提供信息的综合理解和语言的变化运用能力。 2. 人称：第三人称。人称：第三人称。 3. 主要时态：说明事实主要时态：说明事实一般现在时；叙述经过一般现在时；叙述经过一一般过去时。般过去时。 4. 高分模板：高分模板：【佳作诵读【佳作诵读】Breakfast Is Important Breakfast is important. But no
41、t all the students have realized its importance. Heres the result of our survey. About 55 percent of the students have breakfast regularly every day. They keep healthy and look active. 25 percent of them just have junk food instead. They dont have a balanced diet. It is bad for their health. 20 perc
42、ent (of the students) go to school without breakfast. As a result, these students often fall hungry in class and cant listen to teachers carefully. Whats worse, they get ill easily. Its necessary for us to have breakfast and we should also have the right kinds of food for breakfast. 【名师点睛【名师点睛】 (1)通过通过instead, as a result, whats worse等词汇的运用使得等词汇的运用使得文章富有条理性，结构愈显合理；文章富有条理性，结构愈显合理； (2)通过通过“Its bad for their health. ”凸显不健康食品的危害，凸显不健康食品的危害，而通过结尾句的提议和倡导，主题得以深化，达到首尾呼应的而通过结尾句的提议和倡导，主题得以深化，达到首尾呼应的效果。效果。