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1、Who will win the match is still unknown. I want to know what he has told you. The fact is that we have lost the game. The news that we won the game is exciting. 主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句 名词性从句名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句从句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句分、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。同位语
2、从句同位语从句Noun Clauses(名词性从句名词性从句)Subject Clause (主语从句主语从句)Appositive Clause（同位语从句）（同位语从句）Object Clause（宾语从句）（宾语从句）Predicative Clause（表语从句）（表语从句）Grammar3. To find your way can be a problem. 2. Smoking is bad for you.1. You are a student.4. “How do you do?” is a greeting.5 .What she said is not yet know
3、n.6. That we shall be late is certain.7. It is certain that we shall be late.Subject（主语）（主语）主语从句主语从句定义：主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，定义：主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，代替，而本身放在句子末尾。而本身放在句子末尾。导主语从句的有连词导主语从句的有连词that that ，whetherwhether， 连接代连接代词词who who ，what what ，whichwhich， 连接副词连接副词w
4、henwhen，wherewhere， howhow， whywhy等。等。1）从属连词从属连词：that， whether等等.that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略不能省略。 That people cut down too many trees destroyed the balance of nature.Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depen
5、d on whether this problem can be solved.It was not clear whether the solid shape would last or not. Subject ClauseSubjectFormed SubjectWhether the solid shape would last or not was not clear.Real引导引导主语从句在主语从句在句首只能用句首只能用whether,有有it作形式主语的作形式主语的whether/if都可以都可以.Conclusion:ifIf 注意注意: 由由that 引导的主语从句有时为了
6、使句引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡子结构平衡, 避免避免 “头重脚轻头重脚轻”, 常用常用 it 作作形式形式主语主语, 而把从句放在后面。而把从句放在后面。 例如例如: 1. That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible._ _2.That they should like each other is natural. _*it为形式主语为形式主语It is natural that they should like each other.It is impossible that he will refuse this
7、piece of advice.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + n. +从句从句 It is a pity/shame that. 遗憾的是遗憾的是 It is a surprise that令人惊奇的是令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 是事实是事实 It is common knowledge that 是常识是常识*_(很遗憾很遗憾)we lost the match.*_(这是事实这是事实)he cheated in the exam.It is a pity thatIt is a fact that2) It is +
8、 adj. +从句从句 Its certain that 肯定肯定 It is possible that. 很可能很可能 It is unlikely that. 不可能不可能 It is obvious that 很明显很明显 It is necessary important natural. that*_(很可能很可能)she will come back tomorrow.*_(很明显很明显)this measure is effective.+(should) +doIt is possible thatIt is obvious that主语从句的虚拟语气主语从句的虚拟语气表表
9、“应该，惊讶、惋惜、遗憾应该，惊讶、惋惜、遗憾”等意义等意义It is important /natural /necessary/impossible/strange that. 谓语形式为谓语形式为:should + V.原形原形 , should可省略可省略。 eg. 很奇怪，他竟没有来。很奇怪，他竟没有来。 It is strange that_. 我们做足够的运动很重要。我们做足够的运动很重要。 重要的是我们重要的是我们应该应该做足够的运动做足够的运动 It is important that we should do enough sports.he should not come
10、 表示表示“据建议、据要求、据命令据建议、据要求、据命令” It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/commanded/ insisted/required that谓语形式谓语形式:should + V.原形原形 , should可省略可省略. 据命令，所有乘客必须接受搜查据命令，所有乘客必须接受搜查 _all the passengers_.It was ordered that(should) be searched3) It +不及物动词不及物动词+从句从句 It happened that. 碰巧碰巧 It occurred to me t
11、hat我突然想起我突然想起*_(刚好刚好)I came into the office at that time.*_(我突然想起我突然想起)I forget to sent the letter.It happened thatIt occurred to me that4) It + be +过去分词过去分词+从句从句 It is said that. 据说据说 It is known to all that. 众所周知众所周知 It is reported that. 据报道据报道 It is believed that.据信据信;人们相信人们相信 It is suggested tha
12、t + (should）do. 建议建议It must be admitted that必须承认必须承认 It cannot be denied that 不可否认不可否认 It must be pointed out that需指出的是需指出的是 *_(据报道据报道)20 people were killed in the accident. *_(建议建议)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.It is reported thatIt is suggested that 5)“无关紧要（的是）无关紧要（的是）” It does
13、nt matter It makes no difference 翻译：一个人是否富有无关紧要 _ one is wealthy or not.It doesnt matter whetherIt makes no difference whether+主语从句：They should like each other is natural.：That they should like each other is natural.：It is natural that they should like each other.：If Mary really heard him is really
14、doubtful.：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.T or F questions2.连接代词连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.Whoever breaks the law will be punished.Which studen
15、t will win the first is uncertain.3)连接副词连接副词when，where， how， why等。等。Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.When they will set off is not decided.Where she is from is unknown.How we will paint the house has not been decided.Complete the sentences using what, whether, where, when， who,
16、why, how or that.1.(_ is needed for success) is your hard work.3.( we will go tomorrow )hasnt been decided yet.2.( they will arrive )has been told to the teacher.WhatWhen/HowWhere/whether4.(_ can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher.5.(_ it will rain or not) is not clear.7.(_ the earth
17、is a solid ball) is known to us all.WhoWhetherThat6. (_ the earth is becoming warm) is a good topic for research.Why主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。Conclusion:1. 用用 that / whether / if/ /where / how / when /why / who /what/which/ how much / etc. 来连接主语从句来连接主语从句.Summary:Subject Clause3.引导主语从
18、句在引导主语从句在句首只能用句首只能用whether,有有it作形式主语的作形式主语的whether/if都可以都可以.2.That 在主语从句中在主语从句中不能省略不能省略.4.有时为了使句子有时为了使句子结构平衡结构平衡, 避免避免 “头重脚头重脚轻轻”,常用常用 it 作形式主语作形式主语,而把从句放在后而把从句放在后面面.4种句型。种句型。5.主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数单数形式。形式。注意二：Whoever (无论谁) = anyone/anybody who（谁） _ leaves the room last ought to turn of
19、f the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 注意三： “疑问词+ever”引导主、宾、表、状语从句 “No matter +疑问词”只引导状语从句无论谁违反法律将会受到处罚_ will be punished._, he will be punishedWhoever breaks lawsNo matter who breaks lawsWhoever breaks laws主语从句状语从句逗号是状语从句的标志逗号是状语从句的标志无论无论2. _ they can solve the question is still un
20、known. A. If B. Which C. Whether D. What3. _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody. A. Why B. What C. That D. Who4. _ is a fact that English is accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It1. _ we need more practice is quite obvious. A. What B. That C. When D. / Pick up
21、 one number and finish the task in it, then you can get some points.1234567891011 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 2021 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30Correct or not?*When the meeting will be held havent been known yet. be held hasnt been known yet.Pay attention:主语从句的谓语用主语从句的谓语用单数单数形式形式 10 the cat domade What the
22、 cat did made the baby cry.WhatcryMake a sentence301.The question is _ the film is worth seeing.2._ we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. 用用whetherif填空填空whetherWhether10Translate the sentence*_(他他们很需要帮助们很需要帮助)is quite clear. That they are badly in need of help20talk aboutthe use of cel
23、l phone What they are talking about is the use of cell phone.Make a sentence30* If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.Correct or not?Whether we will. decided yet.Pay attention:放在名词性从句放在名词性从句句首句首，表示，表示“是否是否”，只能用，只能用whether, 不能用不能用if10Translate the sentence*It is known to us_(马克马克.吐温怎样成吐温怎样
24、成为一位伟大的作家为一位伟大的作家). how Mark Twain became a great writer20report , get the highest points, match It is reported that Yao Ming got the highest points in the match.Make a sentence30 Correct or not?Pay attention:注意注意虚拟语气虚拟语气在名词性从句中的在名词性从句中的使用！在使用！在It is necessary important natural. that句型中，从句的谓语要用句型中，从
25、句的谓语要用should+do 的形的形式式It is important that we should finish.*It is important that we will finish the work on time. 10 Correct or not?Pay attention:此主语从句此主语从句缺少成分缺少成分-宾语，宾语，故用作成分的故用作成分的what来引导，而不用来引导，而不用that。What she wants to know is.*That she wants to know is when the party will be held . 10 Correct
26、 or not?Pay attention:由由that引导的主语从句放在句引导的主语从句放在句首，首，that 不能省略不能省略。That he will give up*He will give up his job surprises all of us.10Translate the sentence*_（她是否出席会议）（她是否出席会议）is not certain.Whether she will attend the meeting20It makes the teacher angry that the child doesnt know the answer.teacher angryDont know the answerMake a sentence30