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1、 讲师：高继英语法知识归纳总结不定式第一讲 不定式基础知识要点归纳不定式基础知识形式变化to do（to be done） to be doingto have done/to have been done意义功能除谓语外的成分要点1 意义与功能意义：不定式，是因为动词不被限定，或者说不被词形变化所局限，可分为带to不定式和省略to两种，常表示动作尚未发生或目的。功能：因为不定式属于非谓语动词的一种，所以在句中除了不能独立作谓语外，其他成分都可以。_（学好英语）is my aim.（主语） I want _（买一辆车）. （宾语）He gave me a chance _（再试试）.（定语）
2、_（为了赢得比赛）, you have to work hard. （状语）They asked us to meet them at the airport.（补语）To learn English wellto buy a carto try againTo win the match要点2 形式变化不定式属于动词的一种形式，因此也具有动词的一些特性，如时态、语态变化。语态时态 主动语态不定式动作与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系 被动语态不定式动作与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系一般式to do to be done 完成式to have doneto have been done 进行式to be
3、doing 无 否定式 to前加否定词 要点3 一般式形式形式 意思意思 例句例句 to do 不定式动作发生在谓语动词之后或与之同时发生。They decided to give up the plan. I come here to see you. to be doneMy bike needs to be repaired. The meeting to be held tomorrow is important.1. （山东）I stopped the car _ a short break as I was feeling tired. A. take B. taking C. t
4、o take D. taken2.（湖南）Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs _ to achieve the final success. A. being don B. do C. to be done D. to doCC 要点3 完成式 形式 意思 例句 to have done不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前。They seem to have known the news.Im sorry to have kept you waiting so long. to have been doneThe fire is repor
5、ted to have been put out.1.（重庆）The engine just wont start. Something seems _ wrong with it. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone2.（辽宁）I dont know whether you happen_, but Im going to study in the U.S.A. this September. A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear D. to have heard BD 要点3 进行
6、式 形式 意思 例句to be doing谓语动作发生时不定式的动作正在进行He is said to be studying in America now.The boy pretended to be studying when his mother came back.典型应用 通过前面的学习，相信大家对不定式基础知识有了初步的了解。下面我们通过几个例题 加深对知识的理解及运用： 1.（重庆）Group activities will be organized after class _ children develop team spirit. A. helping B. having
7、 helped C. helped D. to help 2. （四川） I hope to take the computer course. Good idea. _ more about it, visit this website. A. To find out B. Finding out C. To be finding out D. Having found out3.（江西） He is thought_ foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. A. to act B. to h
8、ave acted C. acting D. having acted4.（山东）There are still many problems_ before we are ready for a long stay on the moon. Asolving Bsolved Cbeing solved Dto be solvedADBD备考建议为了让同学们在考试中更好的应用学到的知识，高老师特意在这里给同学们总结了几条备考的建议，一起来学习吧！ 1.英语属于形式语言，不同的形式对应不同的汉语意思； 2.不定式属于非谓语动词的一种，注意与谓语的区别； 3.不定式属于动词的一种，也有各种形式变化； 4.语法学习的根本目的是为语义服务的。