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1、形式宾语形式宾语The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.A. that B. it C. this D. himBSentence patterns: 1. S+ think + it + necessary +( for sb. ) to do sth. find feel possibleimportant I think it our duty to clean the blackboard.Sentence patterns: 2. S+ V + it + on
2、es duty + ( for sb. ) to do sth. /clause a rulean honour 3. S + V + it + no good + doing sth. no use I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(04全国)A. this B. that C. it D. oneC点拨点拨: :这是这是it it作形式宾语的一种特殊用法作形式宾语的一种特殊用法. .少数动词少数动词( (如如like, love, enjoy, dislike, hate, appreciatelike
3、, love, enjoy, dislike, hate, appreciate等等) )或或包含介词的动词短语包含介词的动词短语( (如如see to, depend onsee to, depend on等等) )后接宾后接宾语从句语从句, ,必须先由必须先由it it担任形式宾语担任形式宾语, ,再接从句再接从句. .Sentence patterns:1.I like (enjoy, hate) it when.2.I would appreciate it if3.see to (depend/rely on) it that4.take it for granted that1.
4、I found it very interesting to study English.我发现学英语非常有趣。我发现学英语非常有趣。 2. I think it no use arguing with him.我认为和他争吵没有用。我认为和他争吵没有用。 3. He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。他非常清楚地表示他对那门学科不感兴趣。 形式主语形式主语 possible1.It is / was + adj. necessary + ( for sb. ) to do s
5、th. / clause important ones duty 2.It +is /was + n. ones hope + clause /( for sb. ) to do sth. an honour said3.It is / was + known + that-clause believed 1）It is + adj. +that从句从句 It is clear ( obvious， true， possible certain.) that . “清楚（显然，真的，肯清楚（显然，真的，肯定）定）”显然地，他受了严重的伤。显然地，他受了严重的伤。It is obvious th
6、at he got badly injuried. It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural.) that . 从句中要用虚拟语气（从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形）动词原形）在英语学习中我们必须记住语法结构在英语学习中我们必须记住语法结构It is necessary that we (should) remember the grammar rules in learning English2）It is +v-ed +that 从句从句 It is said (reported/ said/hoped.) th
7、at . 人们普遍认为必须采取有效措施来保护环境人们普遍认为必须采取有效措施来保护环境It is generally acknowledged that effective measures must be taken to protect the environment. It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded. ) that .从句要用虚拟语气（从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形）动词原形）有人建议推迟会议有人建议推迟会议It is suggested that the meeting should be pu
8、t off.3）.It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . that从句一般用虚拟语气（从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形）动词原形）should 表示出乎意料，常译为表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然竟然”，可省去。没有，可省去。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！ It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 他生病了，真遗憾！他生病了，真遗憾！It is a pity that he
9、 is ill. 4). It is time ( about time ，high time ) that . 该句型中该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气后的从句应该用虚拟语气我们是该珍惜时间了我们是该珍惜时间了It is time that we should treasure time. It is the first ( second . ) time that ( (现在完成时）现在完成时） It was the first (second) time th（过去完成时）（过去完成时）这是我第一次尝试这做这个实验这是我第一次尝试这做这个实验It is the first tim
10、e I have attempted to perform the experiment.5). It happens (seems/ appears ) that.昨天在街上他碰巧遇到他的老师昨天在街上他碰巧遇到他的老师It happened that he met his teacher in the street yesterday.6.It doesnt matter whether . It matters ( to sb) that该句型中该句型中whether/that 引导的从句是真正主语，引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为该句型常译为“不论（是否）没关不论（是否）没关系系/是
11、重要的。是重要的。对我们而言重要的是要充分利用每一分钟对我们而言重要的是要充分利用每一分钟,It matters to us that we should make full use of every minute.It 的其他重要结构1.It is + 被强调部分被强调部分 + that .是在他的帮助下我才康复是在他的帮助下我才康复It was with her help that I recovered注意：注意： It is not until + 被强调部分被强调部分 + that . 直到他取下墨镜我才意识到她是著名的影星。 It was not until she took of
12、f her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.2.It is +一段时间一段时间+since .。 since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。过去完成时。 他父亲去世已有他父亲去世已有5年了年了 3.It is . wh
13、en .。 该句型中的该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句引导的是一个时间状语从句他是五点来这里的。他是五点来这里的。It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died.It was 5 oclock when he came here.4. It be . before . 该句型主句中的该句型主句中的 it 指时间，指时间， 主句中的时态常主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态主句中的是将来一般时或过去时两种时态主句中的表语多是表语多是long， not long ， 3 days ，等表，等表示时间段的词或短语。示时间段的词或短
14、语。 要不了多久他就完成了工作要不了多久他就完成了工作It will not be long before he finishes his job. 5.It takes sb. . to do sth. 建造长城花了人们很多年时间建造长城花了人们很多年时间It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 在一些固定用法中考查在一些固定用法中考查常见的固定用法有常见的固定用法有: make itforget itbelieve it or not Dont mention it It doesnt matter It
15、(That) depends Got itIts hard to sayIts up to you to do sth.take it/things easy成功，成功，做到，赶上等做到，赶上等别提了，忘了它吧别提了，忘了它吧信不信由你信不信由你别提了，表示不用谢别提了，表示不用谢没关系没关系视情况而定视情况而定明白了，懂了明白了，懂了很难说很难说 由你来决定做某事由你来决定做某事不要慌，别担心，沉住气不要慌，别担心，沉住气1.吸烟危害健康，这是事实。吸烟危害健康，这是事实。It is a fact that smoking does harm to health. 2.碰巧我们在同一间大学碰
16、巧我们在同一间大学 。It happens that we are in the same college. 3. 一旦你吸烟上了瘾一旦你吸烟上了瘾, 你会发现要把它戒掉你会发现要把它戒掉 很难。很难。(addict. to; tough) Once you are addicted to smoking, you will find it tough to give it up.It seems strange that the man who had delevoped communism should have lived and died in London.4. 这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。