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1、人教版九年级英语全一册知识点Unit6知识点总结Unit6Whenwasitinvented?重点知识归纳解析【重点单词】1.projectn.项目,工程;2.pleasuren.高兴,愉快;3.dailyadj.日常的,每日的;4.mentionv.提到,讲到;5.nearlyadv.几乎,差不多;6.boilv.煮沸,烧开;7.remainv.保持不变;剩余;8.nationaladj.国家的,民族的;9.lowadj.低的,矮的;10.translatev.翻译;11.lockv.锁上;n.锁;12.suddenadj.忽然的13.crispyadj.脆的;酥脆的;14.saltyadj
2、.咸的;15.souradj.酸的,有酸味的;16.customern.顾客。17.Canadian加拿大的,18.dividev.分开,分散;19.heron英雄,男主角;20.professionaladj.职业的,专业的;【重点词组】1.shoeswithspecialheels特殊后跟的鞋子2.hoticecreamscoop热的冰其淋勺子3.runonelectricity电动的4.beusedfor被用作5.thesubjectformyschoolproject学校项目的课题6.ourdailylives我们的日常生活7.haveapoint有点道理8.byaccident偶尔,
3、意外地9.overtheopenfire在火堆上10.fallintothewater落入水中11.takeplace发生12.withoutdoubt毫无疑问13.atalowprice以一个很低的价格14.translatethebookintodifferentlanguage把书翻译成不同种的语言15.allofsudden忽然16.bymistake错误地17.amuch-lovedandactivesport一个深受喜欢并且积极的运动18.divideinto把分开19.stopsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事20.lookupto钦佩,仰慕21.theprofessio
4、nalbasketballgroups职业篮球机构22.usesomeoneelsesidea借用其别人的想法【重点句式】1.IthinktheTVwasinventedbeforethecar.我以为电视是在轿车之前发明的。2.-Whenwasthetelephoneinvented?-电话是什么时候发明的?-Ithinkitwasinventedin1876.-我以为电话是在1876年被发明的。3.-Whataretheyusedfor?-他们可用来做什么?-Theyareusedforchangingthestyleoftheshoes-他们可用来改变鞋子的样式。4.-Whenwasth
5、ezipperinvented?-拉链是什么时候发明的?-Itwasinventedin1893.-它是在1893年被发明的。5.-Whowasitinventedby?-它是由谁发明的?-ItwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.-它是被惠特科姆.贾德森发明的。6.-WhenwasteabroughttoKorea?-茶是什么时候被带到韩国的?-ItwasbroughttoKoreaduringthe6thand7thcenturies.-它是在六至七世纪被带到韩国的。7.-Whatisthehotice-creamscoopusedfor?-这个热的冰其淋勺子是用来做什么
6、的?-Itsusedforservingreallycoldice-cream-它是用来提供真正冷的冰其淋。【重点知识解析】SectionA1a2da.词汇包:1.invent(v.)发明;创造invent指发明创造出自然界本来不存在的东西,如工具、方法、手段、汽车、电器、合成材料等。【备课例句】Bellinventedthetelephone.贝尔发明了电话。Smithinventedanewteachingmethod.史密斯发明了一种新的教学方法。【横向辐射】discover,find,create1.discover是“发现的意思,是指发现原来就有而一直没被发现,如发现电、煤、石油等矿
7、藏及新星、星系或科学真理等。ColumbusdiscoveredAmericain1492.1492年哥伦布发现了新大陆。Recentlytheyhavediscoveredacomet.近期他们发现了一颗彗星。2.find的意思是“寻找,强调找的结果,并不指发现。Ivetriedtofindanothercopybutcouldntfindone.我试图再找一本,但没能弄到。3.create指有目的地把原材料制成新产品,也指创造出原来不存在的或与众不同的事物。Mancreateshimself.人类创造了本人。Anovelistcreatescharactersandaplot.小讲家塑造人
8、物并设计情节。【课堂变式】根据语境提示,用invent,discover,find或create的形式填空,完成句子。1.When_thestreamengine蒸汽机_?2.Icant_mybike,Imlookingforit.3.Scientistsarenowtryingto_ifthisispossible.4.Doyouknowwho_theplane?5.He_quiteanumberofwonderfulcharactersinhisplay.【解析】I.1.was,invented2.find3.discover4.invented5.created2.beusedfor用来
9、做此短语中的for是介词,表示用处,后接名词或动词-ing形式。【备课例句】Anorangeisusedformedicine.桔子能够入药。Apenisusedforwriting.钢笔用来写字。【横向辐射】beusedas&beusedby1.beusedas意为“被用作,介词as表示“作为,其后一般接名词,强调使用的工具及手段。【例句】Englishisusedasthesecondlanguageinmanycountries.英语在很多国家被当作第二语言使用。Thisroomisusedastheiroffice.这人房间被用作他们的办公室。2.beusedby意为“被使用,介词by
10、后面接动作的执行者宾语。【例句】Englishisusedbytravelersandbusinesspeopleallovertheworld.全世界的旅行者和商人们使用英语。Tractorsareusedbythefarmers.农民使用拖拉机。【课堂变式】1.在中国英语作为外语来使用。_2.老师用粉笔。_3.毛衣是用来保暖的。_【解析】1.EnglishisusedasaforeignlanguageinChina.2.Chalkisusedbyteachers.3.Asweaterisusedforkeepingwarm.3.pleasuren.高兴,愉快;常用于白话中;itsmypl
11、easure.Withpleasure.【备课例句】Itsmypleasuretohelpyoulookafteryourpetcat.我感到很荣幸帮你照看你的宠物猫。【横向辐射】please,pleased,pleasure,pleasant的区别一、please1.表请求或要求的语气。是动词及物动词。-Comein,please.请进来吧。或Peasecomein-Sitdown,please.请坐。或Pleasesitdown2.表“讨好,讨人喜欢;喜欢不及物动词或者“使高兴,使满意,使喜欢及物动词-Gowhereyouplease.你想去哪就去哪。-Whatpleasesyoubest
12、?你最喜欢什么?二、pleased形容词。表示“高兴的,喜欢的,满意的。它指的是人主观上感到的知足心理-Impleasedtoseeyou!见到你真高兴!常用句型有:bepleasedtodosth.高兴做某事bepleasedat/about/with/by对感到满意/高兴bepleasedthat从句对感到满意/高兴三、pleasant形容词。表示“令人愉快的“让人感到满意。主语一般为物。Thewalkwasverypleasant.那次散步很让人愉快。四、pleasure名词表示“知足;乐趣;消遣、娱乐Itsapleasuretoreadthisbook.读这本书真是件乐事。【课堂变式】
13、1根据句意,用pleasant,pleased或pleasure填空。1.Ihada_time.2.Hewillbe_tohelpyou.3.Readinggivesmegreat_.4.Itgivesme_toseeyoulookinghappy.5.Wespenta_dayinthecountry.【解析】1.pleasant2.pleased3.pleasure4.pleasure5.pleasant2Ithinkitisimpossibletomakeeveryone_.A.pleaseB.pleasedC.pleasantD.pleasure【解析】由句意可知,要让每个人高兴是不可能
14、的。pleased表示“高兴的,喜欢的;故选B。b.句式包:Whenwasitinvented?它是何时发明的?本句用于询问某个物品的发明时间,构造为“When+was+某项物品+invented?,其中wasinvented是一般过去时的被动语态,其基本构造是“was/were+过去分词【备课例句】Thisbookwasboughtyesterday.这本书是昨天买的。【横向辐射】几种基本时态的被动语态1.一般如今时:am/is/are+过去分词Footballisplayedallovertheworld.足球运动遍及全世界。2.一般过去时:was/were+过去分词Thisbookwas
15、boughtyesterday.这本书是昨天买的。3.一般将来时:willbe+过去分词Theclassmeetingwillbeheldtomorrow.班会将在明天开。4.如今进行时:am/is/are+being+过去分词Ourteachingbuildingisbeingbuiltnow.我们的教学楼正在兴建中。5.过去进行时:was/were+being+过去分词Thebuswasntbeingrepairedbymethen.那时这辆车不是由我修的。6.如今完成时:have/has+been+过去分词Theworkhasbeenfinishedbythem.这项工作已经被他们做完了
16、。【课堂变式】1.We_nottoplaycomputergames.A.aretoldB.havetoldC.toldD.tell【解析】tellsb.nottodosth.意为“告诉某人不要做某事,这里的主语we是tell这个动作的承受者,故应用被动语态,应选。2.Willyoucometothedinnerparty?IwontcomeunlessJenny_.A.willbeinvitedB.canbeinvitedC.invitedD.isinvited【解析】在unless引导的条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句应用一般如今时来表示将来。根据句意“假如詹妮没有得到邀请,我就不会
17、来。确定选。3.Imsorryyoucantgoinnow.Theroom_yet.A.hasntbeencleanedB.hasntcleanedC.isntbeencleanedD.isntbeingcleaned【解析】由Imsorryyoucantgoinnow.可知房间还没有清扫,再加上theroom是clean这个动作的承受者,应用如今完成时的被动语态,故选。4.Atalkonscience_inourschoolnextMonday.A.willgiveB.willbegivenC.hasgivenD.hasbeengiven【解析】主语Atalk是动词give的承受者,应用被动
18、语态。再根据nextMonday确定用一般将来时,故选。SectionA3a3ca.词汇包:1.remain(v.)保持;剩余;残余remain意为“停留,留下,相当于stay。“呆在那里能够讲remain/staythere,但“呆在家里只能讲stay(at)home。21世纪教育网版权所有【备课例句】Sheremainsinthehouseallthesedays.她这些天一直呆在那栋房子里。Theyallwishedustoremain.他们都希望我们留下来。【横向辐射】remain作连系动词remain用作连系动词,意为“保持(某种状态),继续存在,仍然是,后面接形容词,名词,分词,不
19、定式或介词短语。【例句】Sheremainedsittingwhentheycamein他们进来时,她仍然坐着(没有站起来)。PeterbecameamanagerbutJohnremainedaworker.彼得当上了经理,但约翰仍然是一个工人。Whatevergreatprogressyouhavemade,youshouldremainmodest.无论你获得了多么大的进步,你都应一直保持谦虚。Thisremainstobeproved.这有待证明。(将来被动动作)Whetheritwilldousgoodremainstobeseen.这能否对我们有好处,还要看一看。【课堂变式】The
20、leaves_inthewaterforalongtime.A.cameB.remainedC.livedD.arrived【解析】根据foralongtime可知是指树叶在水中停留了很长时间,正确答案是B。2.byaccident偶尔地;意外地【备课例句】Hemadethismistakebyaccident.他犯这个错误纯属偶尔。【课堂变式】Shefoundherkeys_whenshecleanedherroomaftershelostthemtwoweeksago.A.withmistakeB.inthiswayC.byaccidentD.withpleasure【解析】由whensh
21、ecleanedherroomaftershelostthemtwoweeksago可知她是偶尔地找到了她丢失的钥匙,正确答案是C。b.句式包:1.InEngland,teadidntappearuntilaround1660.在英国,茶直到1660年才出现。此句是由until引导的时间状语从句。not.until意为“只到才。【备课例句】ShedidntleaveuntilIfeltbetter.只到我感觉好点了,她才离开。21教育网【横向辐射】until的用法until常用作介词或连词,用来引导介词短语或从句在句子中作时间状语。1.在肯定句中,until与延续性、持续性动词连用,表示“直到
22、为止。Iworkeduntillateintheafternoon.我一直干到下午很晚的时候。2.在否认句中,until常与霎时动词、短暂性动词连用,表示“直到才,“不到不。Theraindidntstopuntilmidnight.雨直到半夜才停。Iwontleaveuntilyoupromisetohelpme.你不答应帮助我,我不会离开。【课堂变式】HowwasyourclimbingMount.Huang?IdidntbelieveIcoulddoit_Igottothetop.A.untilB.whileC.afterD.and【解析】考察连词用法。notuntil直到才。根据句意“
23、直到我爬到山顶我才相信我能做到可知选A。SectionB1a1ea.词汇包:bymistake错误地bymistake是介词短语,意为“错误地;无意地;不小心地,指由于错误的判定而千百万的失误,常在句中作状语。文档视界2022/0d883d94f342336c1eb91a37f111f18582d00cd6kh1frb0xbxa.html【备课例句】Itookyourbaginsteadofminebymistake.我错拿了你的手提包,还以为是我的呢。Susanforgotherkeyandlockedherselfoutbymistake.苏珊忘了带钥匙,误把本人关在门外了。【横向辐射】m
24、istake.formistake.for把错以为,错把当作Shemistookhimfortheprofessor.她把他错当作教授了。【课堂变式】ImsorryIvetakenyourdictionary_becausetheyhavethesamecolour.Itdoesntmatter.A.atonceB.bymistakeC.ingeneralD.aswell【解析】由becausetheyhavethesamecolour可知是错拿了词典,正确答案是B。b.句式包:1.Georgewantedtomakethecustomerhappy.乔治想让顾客开心。www-2-1-cnjy
25、-com句中的make意为“使得,happy是形容词,作宾语you的补足语,对宾语起补充讲明作用,常用的构造为“make名词/代词形容词。2-1-c-n-j-y【备课例句】Thebadnewsmakeshersad.那个坏消息使得她悲伤不已。Aboybrokethewindow.Itmadetheheadmasterangry.21*cnjy*com一个孩子打碎了玻璃。这使得校长很生气。【温馨提示】当宾语是不定式短语或从句时,多用it作形式宾语。Imadeitaconditionthateverybodymustbeontime.我提出一个条件,人人都要准时。Theheavyrainmadei
26、timpossibleforustogoout.大雨使得我们无法出去。【横向辐射】make的其他相关句式1.“make宾语n意为使/让某人/某物(成为)。【例句】Wemadehimcaptainofourfootballteam.我们推选他作我们足球队队长。Wemadehimourmonitor.我们选他当班长。2.“make宾语dosth意为“使某人做某事。在被动语态中,此类构造中省略的动词不定式to要复原。【例句】Ourteachermakesusfeelmoreconfident.教师使得我们感到更自信了。Theboywasmadetoworktwelvehoursaday.这个男孩被迫
27、天天干十二个小时的活。【课堂变式】Whatdoyouthinkher?A.make;sadB.makes;sadlyC.made;sadD.made;sadly【解析】what作主语时,谓语动词要用第三要称单数形式,可排除A。再根据“make+sb./sth.+adj.确定选C。sadly是副词形式。SectionB2a2ea.词汇包1.1.divide(v.)分开;划分divideinto意为“把划分为,bedividedinto意为“划分为。【备课例句】Thisclassistoolarge;weshallhavetodivideitfororal文档视界2022/0d883d94f342
28、336c1eb91a37f111f18582d00cd6kh1frb0xbxa.html这个班级太大,我们必须把它分成小班作白话练习。Thisriverdividesatitsmouth.这条河在河口处分岔。Hislecturedividesintothreeparts.他的演讲分三部分。Letsdivideourselvesintoseveralgroups.我们分成几个小组吧。【来源:21cnj*y.co*m】【课堂变式】Wehaved_ourselvesintothreegroupssincethisterm.【解析】自从本学期开场就已经把我们本人分成了三个组。have在此是助动词,空格
29、处要填过去分词,再根据divideinto确定填divided。b.句式包:ItisbelievedthatthefirstbasketballgameinhistorywasplayedonDecember21st,1891,.人们以为1891年12月21日是历史上的第一次篮球比赛的日子。【版权所有:21教育】本句中的Itisbelievedthat.相当于peoplebelievethat.是“人们相信/以为“的意思,that引导的是主语从句。Itisbelievedthatbytheyear2020,thepopulationoftheworldwillbesevenbillion.(=
30、Peoplebelievethatbytheyear2020,thepopulationoftheworldwillbesevenbillion.)人们都以为到2020年,世界人口将到达七十亿。【横向辐射】类似的构造:Itisreportedthat据报道Itissupposed/thoughtthat人们以为Itsknownthat众所周知【课堂变式】我不知道这所学校,但据讲是非常好的一所学校。Idontknowtheschool,but_itisquiteagoodone.【解析】itissaidthat【语法解析】主动语态与被动语态之间怎样转换Wevisitedthatfactoryla
31、stsummer主动语态主语谓语宾语状语Thatfactorywasvisitedbyuslastsummer被动语态主语谓语宾语状语各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的比照时态主动语态被动语态一般如今时am/is/are+P.P.1DotheyspeakFrench?2Theydontusetheroom.IsFrenchspokenbythem?Theroomisntusedbythem.一般过去时was/were+p.p.1Themankilledatiger.2Hewrotemanystorieslastyear.Atigerwaskilledbytheman.Manystorieswe
32、rewrittenbyhimlastyear.如今进行时am/is/are+being+p.p.1Theseworkersarebuildinganewbridge.2Heismendinghiscar.Anewbridgeisbeingbuiltbytheseworkers.Hiscarisbeingmendedbyhim.过去进行时was/were+being+p.p.1Hewassellingbooks.2Theywerediscussingtheplanatthattime.Bookswerebeingsoldbyhim.Theplanwasbeingdiscussedbythemat
33、thattime.如今完成时have/has+been+p.p.1ShehaslearnedmanyEnglishwords.2Hehasfinishedthework.ManyEnglishwordshavebeenlearnedbyher.Theworkhasbeenfinishedbyhim.过去完成时had+been+p.p.1Theyhadsolvedtheproblem.2Wehadtoldhimthenewsbythen.Theproblemhadbeensolvedbythem.Thenewshadbeentoldtohimbyus.一般将来时willbe+p.p.am/is/
34、aregoingtobe+p.p.1Iwillmakeaplan.2Theyaregoingtofixtheradioinanhour.Aplanwillbemadebyme.Theradioisgoingtobefixedbytheminanhour.过去将来时wouldbe+p.p.was/weregoingtobe+p.p.1Hetoldmetheywouldpainttheroom.2Theyweregoingtoputonaplaythenextweek.Hetoldmetheroomwouldbepaintedbythem.Aplaywasgoingtobeputonbythemt
35、henextweek.情态动词can/may/must/should+be+p.p.1Weshouldhandinourhomework.2YoumustanswerthequestioninEnglish.Ourhomeworkshouldbehandedinbyus.ThequestionmustbeansweredinEnglishbyyou.二、被动语态的用法1.什么情况下用被动语态?1当我们不知道或没有必要讲出动作的发生者是谁时,通常用被动语态。这种情况下,句子中不带由by引起的短语。例如:21cnjycomThebookiswrittenforchildren.这书是为孩子写的。2
36、当动作的承受者是谈话的中心时通常用被动语态。这时能够带by短语。ThispenwasgiventomebyTom.这支笔是汤姆给我的。3无必要或不愿讲出动作的发出者。这种情况通常是出于礼貌方面的考虑。Smokingisnotallowedhere.这儿禁止吸烟。2.如何变主动语态为被动语态把主动语态变为被动语态,可分作三步进行:第一步:找出主动句的宾语,把它作为被动句的主语。第二步:将谓语动词的主动语态变为被动语态助动词be+及物动词的过去分词。变为被动语态时,时态不要变化。21cnjy第三步:将原主动语态的主语若是人称代词,须变为宾格放在介词by后边组成by短语,放到句子的后边。假如我们没有
37、必要讲出动作的发出者,by短语则能够不要。例如:Heoftenhelpshisbrother.(主动语态)Hisbrotherisoftenhelpedbyhim.被动语态【被动语态中考真题大练兵】1.WouldyoupleasetellMissLithatsheasavolunteerforthe2020OlympicGames?Ofcourse.Iwilltellhertomorrow.A.chooseB.choseC.haschosenD.ischosen2.Wenottoplaycomputergames.A.aretoldB.havetoldC.toldD.tell3.Couldyo
38、utellmewhomtheradioby?Sorry.Ihavenoidea.A.inventsB.inventedC.isinventedD.wasinvented4.-Yourhometownhaschangedalot.Yes.Takealookatthesetallbuildings.Theylastyear.【来源:21世纪教育网】A.buildB.builtC.wasbuiltD.werebuilt5.DidyougotoKangKangsbirthday?No,I.21世纪*教育网A.wasntinvitedB.didntinviteC.amnotinvited【出处:21教育
39、名师】6.AnEnglishspeechtothechildrentomorrow.21教育名师原创作品A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegiven7.根据汉语意思完成英语句子:丢失的部件在船拖出水后被找到了。Thelostpartsaftertheshipwasofthewater.8.Sheusedtheknifetocutthefruitamomentago.改为被动语态Theknifetocutthefruitbyheramomentago.9.Isentalettertoyoulastmonth.改为被动语态Alettertoyoulastmonth.10
40、.用括号内动词的适当形式填空:Thedogtraintounderstanddifferentinstructionsfortwoyears.书面表达计算机在我们的工作、生活中的作用越来越大,你知道计算机的起源与发展吗?请就计算机的发明时间(1946年)、大小、用处等方面,谈一下它的发展变化,并描绘一下你对将来计算机的畅想。写作要求:语句连贯,词数80个左右。Computersarebecomingmoreandmoreimportantinourdailylife.Doyouknowthehistoryandthechangesofcomputers?_答案:16DADDAC7.werefo
41、und;pulledout8.wasused9.wassent10.hasbeentrained书面表达Computersarebecomingmoreandmoreimportantinourdailylife.Doyouknowthehistoryandthechangesofcomputers?Computerwasinventedin1946.Atthattime,themachinewashugeanditwasaslargeasabighouse.Itweighedabout30tons.Nowitssmallerandlighter.Computerisaveryusefulto
42、olinourlife,inourstudyaswellaswork.Forexample,computercansendsomemessagestoforeignfriendsby文档视界2022/0d883d94f342336c1eb91a37f111f18582d00cd6kh1frb0xbxa.htmlputeristhemosthelpfulinventionintheworld.Ithasmanyfunctions.Wecanlistentomusicorplaygamesonthecomputer.Itmakesusrelaxed.Itshardtoimaginewhatourlifewouldbelikeifwehadnocomputers.Andinmyopinion,computersaregoingtochangeourlifecompletelyinthenearfuture.