《高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案_.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案_.docx（34页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案_高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案高一英语动词不定式考点+练习7.1不定式作宾语1)动词+不定式affordaimappearagreearrangeaskbedecidebothercarechoosecomedaredemanddesiredetermineexpectelectendeavorhopefailhappenhelphesitatelearnlongmeanmanageofferoughtplanpreparepretendpromiserefuseseemtendwaitwishundertake举例：T
2、hedriverfailedtoseetheothercarintime.司机没能及时看见另一辆车。Ihappentoknowtheanswertoyourquestion.我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。2动词+不定式；动词+宾语+不定式ask,beg,choose,expect,hate,helpintendlike,love,needprefer,prepare,promise,want,wishIliketokeepeverythingtidy.我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。Ilikeyoutokeepeverythingtidy.我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。IwanttospeaktoT
3、om.我想和汤姆谈话。IwantyoutospeaktoTom.我想让你和汤姆谈话。3动词+疑问词+todecide,know,considerforget,learn,remember,show,understand,see,wonder,hear,findout,explain,tellPleaseshowushowtodothat.请演示给我们怎样去做。Therearesomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcantmakeupmymindwhichtobuy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数
4、。Thequestionishowtoputitintopractice.问题是如何把它付诸施行。7.2不定式作补语1)动词+宾语+不定式(todo)adviseallowappointbelievecausechallengecommandcompelconsiderdeclaredriveenableencouragefindforbidforceguesshireimagineimpelinduceinforminstructinvitejudgeknowlikeorderpermitpersuaderemindreportrequestrequireselectsendstatesup
5、posetellthinktraintrustunderstandurgewarn例句：a.Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.父亲不让高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案我们在街上玩耍。b.Webelievehimtobeguilty。我们相信他是有罪的。Find的特殊用法：Find后可用分词做宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to的动词不定式。find后可以带一个从句。此类动词还有get，have。Ifoundhimlyingontheground.Ifounditimportanttolearn.Ifound
6、thattolearnEnglishisimportant.典型例题:Thenextmorningshefoundtheman_inbed，dead.A.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying答案：A.find的宾语后面，用分词或分词短语，起宾语补足语作用。如今分词表达主动，也表达正在进行，过去分词表达被动。4)therebe+不定式believe,expect,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,want,wish,undrstandWedidntexpecttheretobesomanypeoplethere.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。注意：有些动词需用a
7、s短语做补语，如regard,thinkbelieve,take,consider.WeregardTomasourbestteacher.我们以为汤姆是我们最好的教师。Marytookhimasherfather.玛丽把他当作本人的父亲。7.3不定式主语1Itseasy(forme)todothat.我做这事太容易了easy,difficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,comfortable,necessary,better;thefirst,thenext,thelast,thebest,toomuch,toolittle,notenoughI
8、tssonicetohearyourvoice.听到你的声音真高兴。Itsnecessaryforyoutolockthecarwhenyoudonotuseit.当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。2)Itsverykindofyoutohelpus.他帮助我们，他真好。Kind,nice,stupid,rude,clever,foolish,thoughtful,thoughtless,brave,considerate(考虑周到的),silly,selfish(自私的)例句:Itwassillyofustobelievehim.我们真愚笨，竟然相信了他。Itseemedselfishofh
9、imnottogivethemanything.他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案注意：1)其他系动词如，look，appear等可以用于此句型2)不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。3)当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用Itisto的句型(对)Toseeistobelieve.百闻不如一见。(错)Itistobelievetosee.7.4Itsforsb.和Itsofsb.1forsb.常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,i
10、mpossible等：Itsveryhardforhimtostudytwolanguages.对他来讲学两门外语是很难的。2ofsb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right。Itsveryniceofyoutohelpme.你来帮助我，你真是太好了。for与of的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。假如道理上通畅用of，不通则用for。如：Youarenice.(通畅，所以应用of)。Heishard.(人是困难的，不通，因而应用for。)7.5不定式作表语不定式可
11、放在be动词后面，构成表语。例如：Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.Hisdreamistobeadoctor.7.6不定式作定语不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。例如：Ihavealotofworktodo.Sohemadesomecandlestogivelight.7.7不定式作状语1目的状语Toonlyto(仅仅为了),inorderto,soasto,so(such)asto(如此以便)Heransofastastocatchthefirstbus.他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。Icomehereonlytosaygood-byetoyou.我来仅仅是向你
12、告别。2作结果状语，表事先没有意料到的，要放在句子后面。WhathaveIsaidtomakeyouangry.Hesearchedtheroomonlytofindnothing.3)表原因Imgladtoseeyou.典型例题Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitisverycomfortableto_.A.sitB.sitonC.beseatD.besaton答案：B.假如不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于形容词+动词不定式构造的末尾。高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案7.8用作介词的tot
13、o有两种用法：一为不定式+动词原形；一为介词+名词/动名词,to在下面的用法中是第二种，即to+名词/动名词：admitto成认，confessto成认，beaccustomedto习惯于，beusedto习惯于，stickto坚持，turnto开场，着手于，devoteoneselfto献身于，bedevotedto致力于，lookforwardto盼望，payattentionto注意7.9省to的动词不定式1情态动词(除ought外，oughtto)：2使役动词let,have,make：3感官动词see,watch,lookat,notice,observe,hear,listento
14、,smell,feel,find等后作宾补，省略to。注意：在被动语态中则to不能省掉。Isawhimdance.=Hewasseentodance.Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.=Theyweremadetoworkthewholenight.4wouldrather，hadbetter：5Why/whynot：6help可带to，可以不带to,helpsb(to)dosth：7but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。8由and,or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to能够省去：9通常在discover,imag
15、ine,suppose,think,understand等词后，能够省去tobe：Heissupposed(tobe)nice.他应该是个好人。举例：HewantstomovetoFranceandmarrythegirl.Hewantstodonothingbutgoout.比拟：Hewantstodonothingbutgoout.Hewantstobelieveanythingbuttotakethemedicine.典型例题1)-Iusuallygotherebytrain.-Whynot_byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totry
16、andgoD.trygoing答案：D.whynot后面接不带to的不定式，因而选D。2Pauldoesnthavetobemade_.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning答案：B.make后接不带to的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to不可省略。7.10动词不定式的否认式Tellhimnottoshutthewindow高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案ShepretendednottoseemewhenIpassedby.我走过的时候，她假装没看见。典型例题1Tellhim_thewind
17、ow.A.toshutnotB.nottoshutC.tonotshutD.notshut答案：B。tellsbtodosth的否认形式为tellsbnottodosth.2)Shepretended_mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen答案：A。pretend后应接不定式。其否认形式为pretendnottodosth.。3Mrs.Smithwarnedherdaughter_afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriverC.neverdrivingD.neverd
18、rive答案：A。warnsbtodosth.的否认形式为warnsbnottodosth.此处用的能否定词never.4)Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet，buthismothertoldhim_.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto答案：A。notto为nottodoit的省略形式。能够只用to这个词，而不必重复整个不定式词组。及物动词do后应有名词、代词等，否则不对，因而B，D不对。5)Thepatientwaswarned_oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnoB.eating
19、notC.nottoeatD.noteating答案：C。warn一词要求后用不定式，此处为不定式的被动，否认形式为bewarnednottodo。7.11不定式的特殊句型tooto1tooto太以致于Heistooexcitedtospeak.他太冲动了，讲不出话来。-CanIhelpyou?需要我帮助吗?-Well,Imafraidtheboxistooheavyforyoutocarryit,butthankyouallthesame.不用了。这箱子太重，恐怕你搬不动。谢谢您。2)如在too前有否认词，则整个句子用否认词表达肯定，too后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意为不太。Itsnever
20、toolatetomend.(谚语)改正不嫌晚。高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案3)当too前面有only,all,but时，意思是：非常等于very。Imonlytoopleasedtobeabletohelpyou.我非常高兴能帮助你。Hewasbuttooeagertogethome.他非常想回家。7.12不定式的特殊句型soasto1表示目的；它的否认式是soasnottodo。Tomkeptquietabouttheaccidentsoasnottolosehisjob.汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。Goinquietlysoasnott
21、owakethebaby.轻点进去，别惊醒了婴儿。2)sokindasto-劳驾Wouldyoubesokindastotellmethetime?劳驾，如今几点了。7.13不定式的特殊句型WhynotWhynot+动词原形表达向某人提出建议，翻译为：为什么不?干吗不?例如：Whynottakeaholiday?干吗不去度假?7.14不定式的时态和语态时态语态主动被动一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成进行式tohavebeendoing1)如今时：一般如今时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语
22、动词的动作之后。Heseemstoknowthis.Ihopetoseeyouagain.=IhopethatIllseeyouagain.我希望再见到你。2)完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。Imsorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.Heseemstohavecaughtacold.3)进行时：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。Heseemstobeeatingsomething.4)完成进行时：Sheisknowntohavebeenwreakingontheproblemformanyyears.7.15动名词与不定式1动名词与不定
23、式的区别：动名词表达的是：状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的不定式表达的是：目的，结果，原因，详细，一次性，将发生的2接不定式或动名词，意义一样。高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案3动名词与不定式语义不同的有11组：1stoptodostopdoing2forgettodoforgetdoing3remembertodorememberdoing4regrettodoregretdoing5ceasetodoceasedoing6trytodotrydoing7goontodogoondoing8afraidtodoafraiddoing9interes
24、tedtodointeresteddoing10meantodomeandoing11begin/starttodobegin/startdoing动词不定式练习：1.-Canyourideahorse?-No,Ineverhadthechance_.A.forlearningitB.forlearninghowC.howtolearnitD.tolearnhow2.Paulsaid,Givemeachair_.A.tositB.sitC.sitonD.tositon3.Irantoofast_whereIwasgoing.A.tonoticeB.formetonoticeC.tonotice
25、formeD.andnotice4.-Haveyouenjoyedyourvisithere?-Yes,Illbeverysorry_.A.forleavingB.ofleavingC.toleaveD.withleaving5.-Illhelpyouwheneveryouneedme.-Good.Idlike_metomorrow.高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案A.youhelpingB.thatyouwillhelpC.youtohelpD.thatyouhelp6.-Ididnthearyoucomeinlastnight.-Thatsgood.We
26、tried_noisy.A.notbeB.nottobeC.tobenotD.tonotbe7.Becauseofairpollutionbeinggreatlyreduced,thiscityisstill_.A.agoodplacewhichtobelivedinB.livedasagoodplaceC.agoodplacetoliveinD.livinginasagoodplace8.-Whywastheofficialmeetingheld?-_newofficers.A.SelectB.SelectingC.ToselectD.Forselecting9.-Wheredidhego?
27、-Hewenttoanotherstore_.A.tobuypencilsB.forbuyingpencilsC.buypencilsD.buyingpencils10.-Mybabyhasahearttrouble.-Didthedoctorfinditdifficult_?高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案A.intreatingB.treatingC.fortreatingD.totreat11.-Didthejudgeaskyoumanyquestions?-Yes,and_.A.theyweredifficulttobeansweredB.toans
28、werthemwastobedifficultC.theyweredifficulttoanswerD.theyhaddifficultyinanswering12.Thatbeggarseems_anythingyesterday.A.nottohaveeatenB.nottoeatC.didnteatD.tonothaveeaten13.Thelostchilddesirednothingbut_home.A.goB.togoC.going.D.went14.Thatboxis_.A.tooheavyformetocarryB.tooheavyformetocarryitC.soheavy
29、formetocarryD.veryheavyformetocarry15.Wouldyoube_todomeafavour,please?A.sokindasB.tookindC.askindasD.enoughkind16.TolearntospeakEnglishwell,_.A.muchpracticeisneeded高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案B.oneneedsmuchpracticeC.muchpracticeisneededbyoneD.oneisneededmuchpractice17.Tomkeptquietabouttheaccid
30、ent_losehisjob.A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.notsoasto18.LastsummerItookacourseon_.A.howtomakedressesB.howdressesbemadeC.howtobemadedressesD.howdressestobemade19.Thehouseisnotlargeenough_.A.toliveinB.tobelivedinC.toliveD.forliving20.Nobodylikes_.A.tospeakillofB.tobespokenillofC.speakingillofD.s
31、pokenillof21.Iknowhim_agoodfootballplayerwhileincollege.A.tohavebeenB.tobeC.wasD.hadbeen22.Iwassurprised_.A.watchinghimtoeatsoquicklyB.watchhimeatsoquicklyC.watchinghimeatsoquickly高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案D.towatchhimeatsoquickly23.Mr.Whitewasseen_thePalaceMuseum.A.enterB.toenterC.enteredD.
32、toentering24.IsawMary_thehouse.A.openthedoorandgointoB.toopenthedoorandtogointoC.openthedoorandtogointoD.openthedoorandwentinto25.Pauldoesnothingbut_alldaylong.A.playB.toplayC.playingD.played26.Nowwecouldnotdoanythingbut_forhimhere.A.waitedB.waitingC.towaitD.wait27.IdontknowherandIdont_.A.wantB.want
33、toC.wantitD.towant28.-Gotothetheatrewithme,willyou?-Ishouldlike_,butIdonthavetime.A.toB.tooC.todoD.togoto29.Toplayfairisasimportantas_.A.toplaywellB.playwell高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案C.weplaywellD.playingwell30.Itisthegreatesthappinessonearth_.A.lovingandtobelovedB.toloveandbeinglovedC.tolov
34、eandtobelovedD.loveandbeloved31._isbettertolovethan_.A.That,tobelovedB.That,belovedC.It,belovedD.It,tobeloved32.Itsveryfoolish_it?A.foryoutosayB.ofyoutosayC.withyousayingD.inyoursaying33.It_metwohourstofindyournewhouse.A.costB.tookC.spent:/doczj/doc/4ddd7eeb5727a5e9846a6160.htmled34.Wedidnotexpectouroffer_soquickly.A.rejectedB.toreject.C.toberejectedD.rejecting35.Hetoldher_thereatonce.A.getB.getsC.shouldgetD.toget高考动词不定式参考答案：15DDACC610BCCAD1115CABAA1620BBAAB2125ADBAA2630DBAAC3135DBBCD高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案高一英语动词不定式讲解及练习+答案