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1、He says something.宾语成分（由一个词语充当）He says that they are family.宾语成分（由一个句子充当）引导词语序时态陈述句疑问句that引导whether和if的区别连接代词：who whom whose what which连接代词： when why where how注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略1.我听说他很帅。I hear (that) he is handsome.2. 他说他非常喜欢这条裙子。He said (that) he loved this dress very much.3.李易峰告诉
2、我们地球围绕太阳转。Li Yifeng told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时e.g. 1. Ask him _. （他是猪吗）2. I dont know _.（他们是否是男孩） whether (if) he is a pig whether they are boys or not说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。原句为一般疑问句，选择疑问句或反意疑问句。If 和whether 傻傻分不
3、清楚1. I dont know _ he will come or not.2. I dont care of _ he is handsome.3. He wondered _ to stay here the next week.4. _ he will come is not decided. 与or not 连用只能用whether介词后只能用whether与to do 不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用whetherWhat is she doing? Can you tell me?Can you tell me what she is doing?Where does
4、she live? Do you know?Do you know where she lives?当从句原本是特殊疑问句时，用以下连接代词和连接副词引导： what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, how, why, how far, how long, how many, how much, how often作用：连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义。（从句）（从句）（主句）（主句） 引导词 句子类型 that陈述句一般疑问句if/whether特殊疑问词（7W+1h）特殊疑问句由连接代词what, whom, whose,
5、 which, what及连接副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句when well have a meetingwhere he ishow I can get to the stationwhy the train is latewho could answer the questionwhom they are waiting for1. He asked _. (谁能回答这个问题谁能回答这个问题）2. Do you know_. （他们在等谁他们在等谁）3. Please tell me _. （我们什么时候开会我们什么时候开会）4. Can you tell
6、 me _. （他在哪儿他在哪儿）5. Could you tell me _. （我该怎么去车站我该怎么去车站）6. Would you tell me _（为什么火车迟到了为什么火车迟到了） 语序！？又是什么鬼！陈述句语序=主语+谓语 疑问句语序=谓语+主语将下列句子换成陈述句语序1.Is he a lovely boy?2.Are they good boys? He is a lovely boy.They are good boys.主语谓语主语谓语1. I want to know _ he can be here on time. A. whoB. whenC. whereD.
7、which2. Could you tell me _? A. what your mother do B. what does your mother do C. your mother does D. what your mother does3. Did you know _ a sports meeting next Saturday ? A. there would have to be B. if there were C. if there was going to be D. there was going to have4.Tell me _ , please. A. how
8、 old is he B. how old he isC. he is how old D. how old does he将下列句子合并为一句:1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me?3. Do they like to go skiing? He asked. 4. He is doing his homework. He said. 5. He will come back. Tom said. I asked where the
9、y stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?He asked if they liked to go skiing. He said that he was doing his homework. Tom said that he would come back. He says she is right. He says she was right. 判断 yes or no主句是一般现在时从句时态不受限制这就是深藏功与名的He said she is right. He said she
10、 was right.主句是一般过去时从句时态必须是相对应的过去式什么是相对应的过去时？He will go to Hong Kong . He is sick. He is reading a book . He has finished his work. he would go to Hong Kong. he was sick. he was reading a book . he had finished his work.He said 主句时态 从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在
11、完成时过去完成时He said the earth moved around the sun. He said the earth moves around the sun.不变的真理，规律永远都用一般现在时Could you tell me how I could go there? Could you tell me how I can go there?Could, Would等表示委婉语气，时态不受影响 判断 yes or no主句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时 根据句意的需要用任意一种时态 一般过去时 与原句相对应的过去的时态（一般过去时、过去将来时、过去进行时、过去完
12、成时） 客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等 一律用一般现在时 1.当主从句的主语一致时：1) I dont know what I shall do next. I dont know what to do next.2)John didnt decide which shirt he would buy. John didnt decide which shirt to buy.当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn, decide 等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。2.当主句的谓语含有双宾语时，如果间宾
13、与从句（直宾）中的主语一致时：1) Can you tell me how I can get to the police station? Can you tell me how to get to the police station?2) Please show me how I should start the recorder. Please show me how to start the recorder.在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think， believe, guess, suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词
14、用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。1. 我认为他不会和你一起来。 I dont think he will come with you.2. 我不相信他已经完成了作业。I dont believe he has finished his homework.当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：Whats wrong? Whats the matter?Whats happening? eg: I dont know whats the matter. Can you tell me who is over there?1.I asked him whether h
15、e _ how to pronounce this word. A. knowsB. knewC. has knownD. will know2. Dick said that he _ in a train to Washington at seven yesterday . A. ride B. would ride C. was ridingD. had ridden3. Peter said that he _ the way to the chemists shop. A. does not know B. did not know C. do not know D. did not
16、 knew4. He said that he _ the next day . A. will set off B. set C. would set off D. wont set off5. The teacher told us that the earth _ round. A. is B. was C. were D. be1. The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)2. The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)3. Tom says that they _ (play) basketbal
17、l at six oclock yesterday evening. 4. I hear they _ (return) it already. 5. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)6. He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do)7. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)8. I think you _ about the murder now. (talk) wi
18、ll be goes were playing have returned had been travels are talking were doing9.I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be)10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write)11. Mr Wang told me that the earth _ (move) round the sun. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)13. Ling Feng told me he _ there several times. (be)14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise)15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do) wrote moves has taken had been risesdid were