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1、经典英语优美的散文经典英语优美的散文诗盈)所造的那张焦尾琴。近期我看了蔡文姬的演出,自然而然想起了焦尾琴,想起了关于焦尾琴的故事:IntheplayCaiWenji,newlywrittenbyvenerableGuoMoruo,referenceismadetojiaowenqin,azithernpartlymadeofscorchedwoodbyCaiYong,fatherofCaiWenji.Recently,afterIsawtheplayonthestage,mymindnaturallywenttojiaowenqinanditsstory.蔡邕由于不愿趋附权贵,怕被人陷害,曾经
2、亡命江南,往来于吴会之间(今江、浙一带),计十二年。据讲他在吴(今苏州)的时候,有一天听见邻家煮饭的柴火中发出一种爆裂的声音,他熟悉这种声音,知道这声音来自一种极好的桐木,这种桐木是造琴(4)的最好材料。他就跟邻家主人商量,把这段烧焦了的桐木要了来,造成一张琴。这张琴弹起来果然非常好听。由于它的一端是烧焦的,所以大家都叫它焦尾琴。CaiYongdislikedplayinguptobigwigsand,toavoidframe-ups,hewentintoexileintheSouth,wanderingaboutfortwelveyearsinJiangsuandZhejiangProvin
3、ces.ItissaidthatonedayduringhisstayinSuzhouwhenheheardthecracklingoffirewoodfromhisnext-doorneighbouratcookingtime,heknewthefamiliarsoundcamefrompaulownia,akindofchoicewoodbestformakingzitherns.Now,talkingitoverwithhisneighbour,hewasgiventhepieceofscorchedwood,whichhesubsequentlymadeintoazithern.Thi
4、smusicalinstrument,whenplayed,turnedouttobeextremelypleasanttotheear.Peoplecalleditjiaoweiqinbecausethetailofitssound-boardwasmadeofscorchedwood.当我想起这个故事的时候,使我对耳闻不如目见这句成语不能不有所怀疑。确实,我们认识这个物质世界,有时候不是用眼睛来看而是用耳朵来听的。蔡邕能够从木材燃烧时发出的爆裂声来辨别木材的好坏,充分讲明了耳闻不一定不如目见。当然,耳闻不如目见这句话的原意是指间接经历不如直接经历那样可靠,这是完全正确的。但是,假如对这句话
5、只是从字面上来理解,以为耳朵听到的总不如眼睛看见的那样可靠,那对耳朵来讲,却是极大的冤枉(6)。WhenIthinkofthestory,Icannothelphavingdoubtsaboutthevalidityoftheproverb,Seeingisbetterthanhearing.Factis,toknowthematerialworld,wesometimesusenottheeye,buttheear.ThatCaiYongcouldtellthequalityofwoodbylisteningtoitscracklingsoundwhileitwasburninginthek
6、iitchenstovemakesitcrystalclearthathearingisnotnecessarilylessreliablethatseeing.Theabove-mentionedproverbliterallymeansthatsecondhandexperienceislessreliablethanfirsthandexperience,whichisperfectlytrue.But,ifweshouldtakethissayingatitsfacevalueandregardtheearasinvariablylessreliablethantheeye,wesha
7、lldotheformeragrossinjustice.我们应该成认,眼睛是直接经历的主要来源,可是我们也成认,眼睛是最会骗人的。举一个极普通的例子来讲,我们大家觉得早晨的太阳比中午的太阳大得多,可是假如你用照相机给太阳在早晨和中午各照一个相,你就会发现摄得的相片是一样大小的。谁会想到,在这个天天接触到的日常现象上,从古到今,无论是什么人,无论在什么地方,都一直在受着眼睛的骗?并且骗得我们好苦,不但古代的大学问家如孔子,没有能回答(7)为什么早晨的太阳看起来会大于中午的太阳,连当代的科学家,对这个问题也不曾有一个令人特别满意的解释。这个现象对迷信眼睛的人来讲,是一个有力的挖苦。Whilewe
8、agreethattheeyeisthemainsourceofdirectexperience,wemustadmitthatitisalsomostmisleading.Takeamostcommonexample.Weallagreethatthesunismuchbiggerintheearlymorningthanatnoon.Butifwetakeaphotoofitintheearlymorningandatnoonrespectively,weshallfinditofthesamesizeinbothcases.Whowouldhavethoughtthat,whenitco
9、mestothiscommonphenomenoninourdailylife,peopletheworldovershouldhavebeenfooledbytheirowneyeseversincetimeimmemorial?Theopticalillusionhasindeedlandedusinindescribabletrouble.NotonlyweregreatancientsageslikeConfuciusstumpedbythequestionwhythesunwasseeminglybiggerintheearlymorningthanatnoon,evenscient
10、istsoftodayhavefailedtogiveawhollysatisfactoryexplanation.Thisisakeensatireonthosehavingblindfaithintheeye.当然,我们这样讲,并不是要否认眼睛的作用。我们只是讲明,眼睛固然有非常广阔的活动范围,可是它是有缺点的。我们不能迷信眼睛,小看了耳朵的作用。耳朵的活动范围固然小,可是它的作用也不只是听听讲话,听听音乐。它还有其他的特殊功用。在某种场合,它不但无愧于(8)以耳代目这句话,而且比眼睛做得更好。OfcourseIdonotmeantodenytheroleplayedbytheeye.Al
11、lIwanttoshowisthatalthoughtheeyehasanextremelywidescopeofactivities,itis,nevertheless,farfrombeingfaultless.Weshould,therefore,neverover-trusttheeyeandunderestimatetheusefulnessoftheear.Althoughtheearhasasmallerscopeofactivities,itsfunctionsarenotconfinedtolisteningtoconversationormusiconly.Ithasoth
12、erspecificfunctionsofitsown.Undercertaincircumstances,itisnotonlyworthyofthesaying,Lettheeardodutyfortheeye,itcanevenexceltheeye.英语散文二Nightisdeadlyboringunderaroof;butintheopenitpasseslightly,withitsstars,dews1andperfumes,andthehoursaremarkedbychangesonthefaceofNature.在屋里,夜晚是死寂的单调光阴;但是在露天的野外,由于有星星、露
13、珠、还有野外芬芳的陪伴,黑夜得以轻快地流逝,大自然的变化赋予夜晚的每一刻不同的意义。Whatseemsakindoftemporarydeathtopeoplechokedbetweenwallsandcurtainsisalightandlivingslumbertosomeonesleepingintheopen.AllnightlonghecanhearNaturebreathingdeeplyandfreely;evenasshetakesherrest,sheturnsandsmiles.Andthenthereisthestirringhourunknowntothosewhodw
14、ellinhouses,whenawakefulinfluencegoesabroadoverthesleepinghemisphere,andalltheoutdoorsgetstoitsfeet.禁锢在墙壁和窗帘之后的人觉得夜晚像一种短暂的死亡,而露宿野外的人会觉得夜晚就是一场充满生机的小睡。整个夜晚,他都能够听见大自然深沉而自由的呼吸,大自然即使是在休息时间,仍不停运转,并面带微笑。当沉睡的半球清醒,室外万物复苏,而这种冲动人心的时刻是在屋内熟睡的人所不知道的。Thenthecockfirstcrows,nottoannouncethedawn,butlikeacheerfulwatch
15、manspeedingthecourseofnight.Cattleawakeonthemeadows;sheepbreaktheirfast3ondewyhillsides,andfindnewlairs4amongtheplants;andthehouselessmenwhohavemadetheirbedsoutdoorsopentheireyesandappreciatethebeautyofthenight.雄鸡最先啼鸣,然而这并非报晓,而更像是一名愉快的守夜者催赶着黑夜的脚步。草地上的牛群醒来;挂满露珠的山坡上羊群开场进食,并开场寻找它们的新家而那些无家可归、露宿在外的人也睁开双眼,欣赏即将逝去的美丽夜色。经典英语优美的散文